Mapping the Posterior Ledge and Optic Foramen in Orbital Floor Blowout Fractures

Wong Yu Cong,Goh Doreen S.L.,Yoong Celine S.Y.,Ho Cowan,Cai Elijah Z.,Hing Angela,Lee Hanjing,Nallathamby Vigneswaran,Yap Yan L.,Lim Jane,Gangadhara Sundar,Lim Thiam C. 대한성형외과학회 2023 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.50 No.4

Background The posterior ledge (PL) is a vital structure that supports the implant posteriorly during orbital floor reconstruction. This study describes a technique for mapping the PL in relation to the infraorbital margin (IM) in patients with orbital floor blowout fractures. This study establishes the location of the optic foramen in relation to the PL. Methods Facial computed tomography (FCT) scans of 67 consecutive patients with isolated orbital floor blowout fractures were analyzed using Osirix. Planes of reference for orbital fractures, a standardized technique for performing measurements on FCT, was used. Viewed coronally, the orbit was divided into seven equal sagittal slices (L1 laterally to L7 medially) with reference to themidorbital plane. The distances of PL from IM and location of optic foramen were determined. Results The greatest distance to PL is found at L5 (median: 30.1mm, range: 13.5– 37.1mm). The median and ranges for each slice are as follows: L1 (median: 0.0mm, range: 0.0–19.9mm), L2 (median: 0.0mm, range: 0.0–21.5mm), L3 (median: 15.8mm, range: 0.0–31.7mm), L4 (median: 26.1mm, range: 0.0–34.0mm), L5 (median: 30.1mm, range: 13.5–37.1mm), L6 (median: 29.0mm, range: 0.0– 36.3mm), L7 (median: 20.8mm, range: 0.0–39.2mm). The median distance of the optic foramen from IM is 43.7mm (range: 37.0– 49.1) at L7.

Quantitative Trait Loci Mapping for Porcine Backfat Thickness

Wu, X.L.,Lee, C.,Jiang, J.,Peng, Y.L.,Yan, H.F.,Yang, S.L.,Xiao, B.N.,Liu, X.C.,Shi, Q.S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.7

A partial genome scan using porcine microsatellites was carried out to detect quantitative trait loci (QTL) for backfat thickness (BFT) in a pig reference population. This population carried QTL on chromosomes 1, 13 and 18. The QTL on chromosome 1 was located between marker loci S0113 and SW1301. The QTL corresponded to very low density lipoprotein receptor gene (VLDLR) in location and in biological effects, suggesting that VLDLR might be a candidate gene. The QTL found on chromosome 13 was found between marker loci SWR1941 and SW864, but significance for the marker-trait association was inconsistent by using data with different generations. The QTL on chromosome 18 was discovered between markers S0062 and S0117, and it was in proximity of the regions where IGFBP3 and GHRHR were located. The porcine obese gene might be also a candidate gene for the QTL on chromosome 18. In order to understand genetic architecture of BFT better, fine mapping and positional comparative candidate gene analyses are necessary.

<Retraction> INVESTIGATION OF HIGH-COERCIVITY FePt-C NANOGRANULAR FILMS FOR PERPENDICULAR MAGNETIC RECORDING (PMR) MEDIA

JIEGANG PENG,S. XUE,Z. YAN,X. WU,L. ZHAN 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2011 NANO Vol.6 No.6

In this work, we studied FePt-C nanogranular films were fabricated for ultrahigh density perpendicular recording media towards 1 Tbits/in^2. For the optimized growth conditions, we achieved a Fe_(52)Pt_(48)-C50% granular film with uniform grain size of 6.4 ± 1.5 nm, shown in the TEM image. It also has an excellent MH loop shape with a perpendicular coercivity of 20 kOe, and squareness of 1.We studied the thermal stability of the optimized film and obtained the energy barrier Eb of 340 k_BT at room temperature, meaning that excellent thermal stability as magnetic recording media.

Effects of absorbents on growth performance, blood profiles and liver gene expression in broilers fed diets naturally contaminated with aflatoxin

Liu, J.B.,Yan, H.L.,Cao, S.C.,Hu, Y.D.,Zhang, H.F. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.2

Objective: The study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the absorbent (a mixture of activated carbon and hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate) on growth performance, blood profiles and hepatic genes expression in broilers fed diets naturally contaminated with aflatoxin. Methods: A total of 1,200 one-day-old male chicks were randomly assigned to 6 treatments with 10 replicate cages per treatment. The dietary treatments were as follows: i) control (basal diets); ii) 50% contaminated corn; iii) 100% contaminated corn; iv) control+1% adsorbent; v) 50% contaminated corn+1% absorbent; vi) 100% contaminated corn+1% absorbent. Results: During d 1 to 21, feeding contaminated diets reduced (p<0.05) body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), and average daily feed intake (ADFI), but increased (p<0.05) feed-to-gain ratio (F/G). The absorbent supplementation increased (p<0.05) BW, ADG, and ADFI. There were interactions (p<0.05) in BW, ADG, and ADFI between contaminated corn and absorbent. Overall, birds fed 100% contaminated diets had lower (p<0.05) final BW and ADG, but higher (p<0.05) F/G compared to those fed control diets. The absorbent addition increased (p<0.05) serum albumin concentration on d 14 and 28 and total protein (TP) level on d 28, decreased (p<0.05) alanine transaminase activity on d 14 and activities of aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase on d 28. Feeding contaminated diets reduced (p<0.05) hepatic TP content on d 28 and 42. The contaminated diets upregulated (p<0.05) expression of interleukin-6, catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), but downregulated (p<0.05) glutathione S-transferase (GST) expression in liver. The absorbent supplementation increased (p<0.05) interleukin-1β, CAT, SOD, cytochrome P450 1A1 and GST expression in liver. There were interactions (p<0.05) in the expression of hepatic CAT, SOD, and GST between contaminated corn and absorbent. Conclusion: The results suggest that the naturally aflatoxin-contaminated corn depressed growth performance, while the adsorbent could partially attenuate the adverse effects of aflatoxin on growth performance, blood profiles and hepatic genes expression in broilers.

MeV Ti ion implantation induced damages in LiNbO₃

S. Yan,W. J. Zhao,H. J. Ma,K. M. Wang,S. L. Li,D. Y. Shen,J. M. Xue,Y. G. Wang 한국물리학회 2008 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.52 No.-

MeV ion implantation can form a waveguide in LiNbO₃ crystal because of the damage induced by collisions. Damage in LiNbO₃ induced by 0.7-MeV ~ 2.6-MeV Ti ions at doses of 10¹³cm-² and 10 15 cm-² are studied by RBS-C (Channeling Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy) analysis and numerical simulation with SRIM (Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter) code. The influence of annealing damage distribution is discussed. The discussion also concerns the topic of the relation between damage distribution and formation of wave-guide. MeV ion implantation can form a waveguide in LiNbO₃ crystal because of the damage induced by collisions. Damage in LiNbO₃ induced by 0.7-MeV ~ 2.6-MeV Ti ions at doses of 10¹³cm-² and 10 15 cm-² are studied by RBS-C (Channeling Rutherford Backscattering Spectroscopy) analysis and numerical simulation with SRIM (Stopping and Range of Ions in Matter) code. The influence of annealing damage distribution is discussed. The discussion also concerns the topic of the relation between damage distribution and formation of wave-guide.

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of C, F-codoped TiO₂ loaded with AgCl

Yan, H.,Kochuveedu, S.T.,Quan, L.N.,Lee, S.S.,Kim, D.H. Elsevier Sequoia 2013 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.560 No.-

A protocol is reported for the development of a unique type of a co-doped TiO<SUB>2</SUB> with two kinds of non-metal atoms, carbon (C) and fluorine (F), as a visible-light active photocatalyst system. C, F-codoped TiO<SUB>2</SUB> nanoobjects with anatase phase were synthesized by calcination of a mixture of TiOF<SUB>2</SUB> and sulfuric-acid-treated melamine. The C, F co-doping resulted in a red-shift of the absorption edge to 510nm from the 390-nm value obtained for a control TiO<SUB>2</SUB> photocatalyst. The C, F-codoped TiO<SUB>2</SUB> shows photocatalytic activity under visible light irradiation. Furthermore, the loading of AgCl into the parent co-doped TiO<SUB>2</SUB> enhanced its activity for degradation of methylene blue dye by about 3.5times in the first hour irradiation. A brief mechanism responsible for the enhancement is proposed in terms of the transfer of holes from C, F-codoped TiO<SUB>2</SUB> to the AgCl phase.

Effect of Fermented Chlorella Supplementation on Growth Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, Blood Characteristics, Fecal Microbial and Fecal Noxious Gas Content in Growing Pigs

Yan, L.,Lim, S.U.,Kim, I.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2012 Animal Bioscience Vol.25 No.12

A total of 96 growing pigs ((Landrace${\times}$Yorkshire)${\times}$Duroc; BW = $26.58{\pm}1.41$ kg) were used in a 6-wk feeding trail to evaluate the effects of fermented chlorella (FC) supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, blood characteristics, fecal microbial and fecal noxious gas content in growing pigs. Pigs were randomly allotted into 1 of 4 dietary treatments with 6 replicate pens (2 barrows and 2 gilts) per treatment. Dietary treatments were: i) negative control (NC), basal diet (without antibiotics); ii) positive control (PC), NC+0.05% tylosin; iii) (fermented chlorella 01) FC01, NC+0.1% FC, and iv) fermented chlorella 02 (FC02), NC+0.2% FC. In this study, feeding pigs PC or FC01 diets led to a higher average daily gain (ADG) and dry matter (DM) digestibility than those fed NC diet (p<0.05), whereas the inclusion of FC02 diet did not affect the ADG and DM compared with the NC group. No difference (p>0.05) was observed on the body weight, average daily feed intake (ADFI), gain:feed (G:F) ratio, the apparent total tract digestibility of N and energy throughout the experiment. The inclusion of PC or FC did not affect the blood characteristics (p>0.05). Moreover, dietary FC treatment led to a higher (p<0.05) lactobacillus concentration and lower E. coli concentration than the NC treatment, whereas the antibiotic supplementation only decreased the E. coli concentration. Pigs fed FC or PC diet had reduced (p<0.05) fecal $NH_3$ and $H_2S$ content compared with those fed NC diet. In conclusion, our results indicated that the inclusion of FC01 treatment could improve the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal microbial shedding (lower E. coli and higher lactobacillus), and decrease the fecal noxious gas emission in growing pigs when compared with the group fed the basal diet. In conclusion, dietary FC could be considered as a good source of supplementation in growing pigs because of its growth promoting effect.

Genetic Variations Analysis and Characterization of the Fifth Intron of Porcine NRAMP1 Gene

Yan, X.M.,Ren, J.,Ai, H.S.,Ding, N.S.,Gao, J.,Guo, Y.M.,Chen, C.Y.,Ma, J.W.,Shu, Q.L.,Huang, L.S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.9

The natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1) gene was identified as a candidate gene controlling the resistance and susceptibility to a number of intracellular parasites in pigs. The genetic variations in a 1.6 kb region spanning exon 1 and exon 3 of the porcine NRAMP1 gene were investigated by PCR-HinfI-RFLP in samples of 1347 individuals from 21 Chinese indigenous pig populations and 3 western pig breeds. Three alleles (A, B, C) and four genotypes (AA, BB, AB, BC) were detected. Significant differences in genotype and allele frequencies were observed between Chinese indigenous pig populations and exotic pig breeds, while in general the differences in genotype and allele frequencies among Chinese indigenous pig populations were not significant. The allele C was detected only in Duroc, Leping Spotted and Dongxiang Spotted pig, and the two Chinese pig populations showed similar genotype and allele frequencies. Four Chinese Tibetan pig populations displayed genetic differentiation at the NRAMP1 gene locus. In addition, intron 5 of the NRAMP1 gene was isolated and characterized by directly sequencing the PCR products encompassing intron 5. The alignment of intron 5 of the porcine, human, equine and ovine NRAMP1 gene showed a similarity of 45.38% between pig and human, 52.55% between pig and horse, 63.47% between pig and sheep, respectively.

Effect of Dietary sugar beet pulp supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal Microflora, blood profiles and Diarrhea incidence in weaning pigs

( C. L. Yan ),( H. S. Kim ),( J. S. Hong ),( J. H. Lee ),( Y. G. Han ),( Y. H. Jin ),( S. W. Son ),( S. H. Ha ),( Y. Y. Kim ) 한국축산학회(구 한국동물자원과학회) 2017 한국축산학회지 Vol.59 No.8

Background: In 2006, the European Union (EU) has decided to forbid use of antibiotics as growth promoters. Although many researches had been conducted about fiber source as alternatives of antibiotics, there are still lack of reports in the literature about the optimum level of sugar beet pulp supplementation, affecting growth performance and nutrient digestibility in weaning pigs. Therefore, different level of sugar beet pulp was added to diets to determine the effects of sugar beet pulp supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, fecal microflora, blood profile and incidence of diarrhea in weaning pigs. Methods: A total of 200 weaning pigs [(Yorkshire × Landrace) × Duroc], averaging 9.01 ± 1.389 kg of initial body weight were, allotted to 5 treatments in a randomized complete block (RCB) design. Each treatment was composed of 4 replicates with 10 pigs per pen. The treatments were control treatment: Corn-SBM basal diet + ZnO (phase 1: 0.05%; phase 2; 0.03%) and four different levels of sugar beet pulp were supplemented in Corn-SBM basal diet (3, 6, 9 or 12%). Two phase feeding programs (phase 1: 1-2 weeks; phase 2: 3-5 weeks) were used for 5 week of growth trial. Results: In feeding trial, there were no significant differences in growth performance and incidence of diarrhea among treatments. The E.coli counts were not significantly different among dietary treatments but linear response was observed in Lactobacillus counts as sugar beet pulp supplementation increased (P < 0.05). In addition, IGF-1, IgA and IgG were not affected by dietary treatments. However, the BUN concentration was decreased when pigs were fed the treatments of diets with SBP compared to that of control treatment (P < 0.05). In nutrient digestibility, crude fiber and NDF digestibilities were improved as the sugar beet pulp increased (P < 0.05). However, digestibilities of crude ash, crude fat, crude fiber and nitrogen retention were not affected by dietary sugar beet pulp levels. Conclusion: This experiment demonstrated that sugar beet pulp can be supplemented in weaning pigs` diet instead of ZnO to prevent postweaning diarrhea without any detrimental effect on growth performance.

Collapse mechanism of tunnel roof considering joined influences of nonlinearity and non-associated flow rule

Yang, X.L.,Xu, J.S.,Li, Y.X.,Yan, R.M. Techno-Press 2016 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.10 No.1

Employing non-associated flow rule and Power-Law failure criterion, the failure mechanisms of tunnel roof in homogeneous and layered soils are studied in present analysis. From the viewpoint of energy, limit analysis upper bound theorem and variation principle are introduced to study the influence of dilatancy on the collapse mechanism of rectangular tunnel considering effects of supporting force and seepage force. Through calculation, the collapsing curve expressions of rectangular tunnel which are excavated in homogeneous soil and layered soils respectively are derived. The accuracy of this work is verified by comparing with the existing research results. The collapsing surface shapes with different dilatancy coefficients are draw out and the influence of dilatancy coefficient on possible collapsing range is analyzed. The results show that, in homogeneous soil, the potential collapsing range decreases with the decrease of the dilatancy coefficient. In layered soils, the total height and the width on the layered position of possible collapsing block increase and the width of the falling block on tunnel roof decrease when only the upper soil's dilatancy coefficient decrease. When only the lower soil's dilatancy coefficient decrease or both layers' dilatancy coefficients decrease, the range of the potential collapsing block reduces.