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- 저자 : Ri-Zhu Yin (검색결과 3 건)
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Genome-wide analysis of codon usage bias patterns in an enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli F18 strain
Ri Wei Xia,Wen Bin Bao,Xue Mei Yin,Wei Yun Qin,Guo Qiang Zhu,Sheng Long Wu 한국유전학회 2017 Genes & Genomics Vol.39 No.11
Enterogenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) F18 strains are the main pathogenic bacteria causing severe diarrhea in humans and domestic animals. However, the information about synonymous codon usage pattern of ETEC F18 genome remains unclear. We conducted a genome-wide analysis of synonymous codon usage patterns in the ETEC F18 strain SRA: SAMN02471895. After filtering of the complete genome sequence, 4327 coding sequences were analyzed using multivariate statistical methods to calculate synonymous codon usage patterns and to evaluate the influence of various factors in shaping the codon usage. The mean GC content was 51.38%, with a slight preference for G/C-ending codons. Twenty-two codons were determined as ‘‘optimal codons”. ENC plots showed some of the genes were on or close to the expected curve, while only points with low-ENC values were below the curve. PR2 analysis showed that GC and AT were not used proportionally, suggesting major roles for mutational pressure and natural selection in shaping usage. Neutrality plots showed a significant correlation between GC12 and GC3, suggesting that mutational pressure is responsible for nucleotide composition in shaping the strength of codon usage. Translational selection was the main factor shaping the codon usage pattern of ETEC F18 genome, while other factors such as protein length, GRAVY and ARO values also influenced codon usage to some extent. We analyzed the codon usage pattern systematically and identified the factors shaping codon usage bias in the ETEC F18 genome. Such information further elucidates the mechanisms of synonymous codon usage bias and provides the basis of molecular genetic engineering and evolutionary studies.
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조한상,류광현,유철현,Jo, Han Sang,Ri-Zhu Yin,Ryu, Gwang Hyeon,Yu, Cheol Hyeon Korean Chemical Society 2000 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.21 No.7
The Sr2Co0.5Nb(Ta)0.5O4 and Sr3CoNb(Ta)O7 compounds, both with Ruddlesden-Popper structures, have been synthesized by the ceramic method at $1150^{\circ}C$ under atmospheric pressure. The crystallographic structure of the compounds was assigned to the tetr agonal system with space group 14/mmm by X-ray diffraction(XRD) Rietveld refinement. The reduced lattice volume and lattice parameters increased as the Ta with 5d substitutes for the Nb with 4d in the compounds. The Co/Nb(Ta)O bond length has been determined by X-ray absorption spectroscopic(EXAFS/XANES) analysis and the XRD refinement. The CoO6,octahedra were tetragonally distorted by elongation of Co-O bond along the c-axis. The magnetic measurement shows the compounds Sr2Co0.5Nb(Ta)0.5O4 and Sr3CoNb(Ta)O7 have paramagnetic properties and the Co ions with intermediate spin sates between high and low spins in D4h symmetry. All the compounds showed semiconducting behavior whose electrical conductivity increased with temperature up to 1000 K. The electrical conductiviy increased and the activation energy for the conduction decreased as the number of perovskite layers increased in the compounds with chemical formula An+1BnO3n+1.
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Kim, Daesoo,Park, Sangjin,Chae, Oh B.,Ryu, Ji Heon,Kim, Young-Ugk,Yin, Ri-Zhu,Oh, Seung M. The Electrochemical Society 2012 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.159 No.3
<P>Re-deposition of manganese compounds on LiMn<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> electrode after Mn dissolution and its impact on the positive electrode performances are studied by a control experiment, in which the spinel electrode is stored in its charged state at elevated temperature (60°C) to accelerate Mn dissolution. Upon storage with Li foil, the re-deposition of manganese species is marginal since the dissolved Mn<SUP>2+</SUP> ions move to the Li foil to be deposited. When stored without Li foil, however, under which the chance for re-deposition of Mn species on the spinel electrode is rather high, the dissolved Mn<SUP>2+</SUP> ions are deposited as oxide and fluoride. The depth-profiling X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscope studies illustrate that Mn-O species are deposited in the earlier period of storage, whereas the Mn-F compounds (MnF<SUB>2</SUB>) in the later stage. Due to the deposition of highly resistive MnF<SUB>2</SUB> phase, the electrode stored for a longer period of time shows a severe cell polarization and capacity loss.</P>
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