Omnipotent phosphorene: a next-generation, two-dimensional nanoplatform for multidisciplinary biomedical applications

Qiu, Meng,Ren, Wen Xiu,Jeong, Taeho,Won, Miae,Park, Geun Young,Sang, David Kipkemoi,Liu, Li-Ping,Zhang, Han,Kim, Jong Seung The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Chemical Society reviews Vol.47 No.15

<P>Phosphorene, also known as single- or few-layer black phosphorus (FLBP), is a new member of the two-dimensional (2D) material family and has attracted significant attention in recent years for applications in optoelectronics, energy storage and biomedicine due to its unique physicochemical properties and excellent biocompatibility. FLBP is regarded as a potential biological imaging agent for cancer diagnosis due to its intrinsic fluorescence (FL) and photoacoustic (PA) properties and negligible cytotoxicity. FLBP-based photothermal and photodynamic therapies have emerged with excellent anti-tumour therapeutic efficacies due to their unique physical properties, such as near-infrared (NIR) optical absorbance, large extinction coefficients, biodegradability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) or heat generation upon light irradiation. Furthermore, FLBP is a promising drug delivery platform because of its high drug-loading capacity due to its puckered layer structure with an ultralarge surface area, and FLBP is size-controllable with facile surface chemical modification. Because of the marked advantages of FLBP nanomaterials in biomedical applications, an overview of the latest progress and paradigms of FLBP-based nanoplatforms for multidisciplinary biomedical applications is presented in this tutorial review.</P>

Security Authentication Method of Speech Perceptual Hashing Based on Fuzzy Commitment Scheme

Zhang Qiu-yu,Ren Zhan-wei,Huang Yi-bo,Yu Shuang,Hu Wen-jin 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.10 No.1

Existing speech perceptual hashing authentication algorithms generally encrypt the perceptual hash value to protect the security of the algorithms. But under the principle of Kerckhoffs, the algorithm becomes transparent and fragile. And it can be seen that the secret key may be estimated when the number of times that reuses the secret key reache to a limit through the safety analysis of Shannon unicity distance. To solve these problems, we present a novel security authentication scheme of speech perceptual hashing based on the fuzzy commitment scheme (FCS). Firstly, in sender, the randomly selected BCH code word and the extracted perceptual hash value are sent to the Cmt() function to calculate and the final secure perceptual hash value (h(c),) can be obtained. Secondly, in receiver, the perceptual hash value is calculated again from the received speech information and then the calculated perceptual hash value with the received information  (commitment) are sent to the Decmt() function to calculate to get the h(c′). Finally, the h(c) and h(c′) are matched. The experimental results show that the proposed scheme effectively avoids the probability that an attacker obtains the plaintext/ciphertext pairs without affecting the performance of original algorithm, and at the same time it ensures the security of perceptual hashing algorithm.

Security Analysis of Speech Perceptual Hashing Authentication Algorithm

Zhang Qiu-yu,Ren Zhan-wei,Xing Peng-fei,Huang Yi-bo,Yu Shuang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Security and Its Applicat Vol.10 No.1

Speech perceptual hashing authentication algorithm is an efficient method for content integrity authentication and identity authentication. But the algorithm becomes transparent under the principle of Kerckhoffs which makes the algorithm unsafe. In this paper, the algorithm is encrypted under the principle of Kerckhoffs to protect the security of the algorithm. Then the specific link that won’t affect the performance of the algorithm is identified through the experiments. Next, this paper analyzes the security of the encrypted algorithm based on the concept of Shannon unicity distance. The unicity distance is figured out finally based on the experiments. That is to say, the algorithm loses its security even though the algorithm has been encrypted. Under this circumstances, the most important thing is to continue keeping the safety of the algorithm. Therefore, this paper proposed an efficient random secret key method to guarantee the safety of the algorithm after the unicity distance is figured out.

Preparation and sinterability of submicron titanium carbide powders synthesized with phenolic resin as carbon source by carbothermal reduction

Huijuan Qiu,Hongkang Wei,Shifeng Ren,Lingjun Sun,Jia Li,Zihan Wang,Lin Zhao,Chang-an Wang,Zhipeng Xie 한양대학교 청정에너지연구소 2024 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.25 No.2

Titanium carbide powders were synthesized under an argon atmosphere using titanium dioxide and pyrolysis carbon derivedfrom pyrolyzed phenolic resin as raw materials. The effects of synthesis temperature, holding time, and C/Ti molar ratio onthe phase composition and morphology of the synthesized powders were investigated. The results show that the pyrolyzedphenolic resin at 1000 ℃ is a carbon source composed of amorphous and crystalline carbon. Increasing the C/Ti molar ratio ofthe mixed powder can reduce the content of titanium oxide impurity, indicating the improvement in the purity of TiC powder. In addition, the C/Ti molar ratio can also significantly affect the morphology of the synthesized TiC powders. SEM and EDSresults exhibit that the atomic content on the surface of TiC particles is closely correlated with the atomic distribution on thesurface of the particles. TiC powder with a median particle size of 384 nm could be synthesized at 1500 ℃ for 30 min at the C/Ti molar ratio of 2.3:1. In addition, the sinterability of the synthesized TiC powder was preliminarily discussed. The hardnessand fracture toughness of the TiC ceramic sintered at 2000 ℃ under 40 MPa with a dwell time of 2 h are 15.92 GPa and 3.22MPa·m1/2, respectively.

Surgical management of inflammatory bowel disease in China: a systematic review of two decades

( Qiao Yu ),( Ren Mao ),( Lei Lian ),( Siew Chien Ng ),( Shenghong Zhang ),( Zhihui Chen ),( Yanyan Zhang ),( Yun Qiu ),( Baili Chen ),( Yao He ),( Zhirong Zeng ),( Shomron Ben-horin ),( Xinming Song 대한장연구학회 2016 Intestinal Research Vol.14 No.4

Background/Aims: The past decades have seen increasing incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in China. This article aimed to summarize the current status and characteristics of surgical management for IBD in China. Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, and Chinese databases from January 1, 1990 to July 1, 2014 for all relevant studies on the surgical treatment IBD in China. Eligible studies with sufficient defined variables were further reviewed for primary and secondary outcome measures. Results: A total of 74 studies comprising 2,007 subjects with Crohn`s disease (CD) and 1,085 subjects with ulcerative colitis (UC) were included. The percentage of CD patients misdiagnosed before surgery, including misdiagnosis as appendicitis or UC, was 50.8%±30.9% (578/1,268). The overall postoperative complication rate was 22.3%±13.0% (267/1,501). For studies of UC, the overall postoperative complication rate was 22.2%±27.9% (176/725). In large research centers (n>50 surgical cases), the rates of emergency operations for CD (P =0.032) and in-hospital mortalities resulting from both CD and UC were much lower than those in smaller research centers (n≤50 surgical cases) (P =0.026 and P <0.001, respectively). Regarding the changes in CD and UC surgery over time, postoperative complications (P =0.045 for CD; P =0.020 for UC) and postoperative in-hospital mortality (P =0.0002 for CD; P =0.0160 for UC) both significantly improved after the year 2010. Conclusions: The surgical management of IBD in China has improved over time. However, the rates of misdiagnosis and postoperative complications over the past two decades have remained high. Large research centers were found to have relatively better capacity for surgical management than the smaller ones. Higher quality prospective studies are needed in China. (Intest Res 2016;14:322-332)

RBFox1-mediated RNA splicing regulates cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure

Gao, Chen,Ren, Shuxun,Lee, Jae-Hyung,Qiu, Jinsong,Chapski, Douglas J.,Rau, Christoph D.,Zhou, Yu,Abdellatif, Maha,Nakano, Astushi,Vondriska, Thomas M. American Society for Clinical Investigation 2016 The Journal of clinical investigation Vol.126 No.1

A Pleiotropic Phenotype is Associated with Altered Endogenous Hormone Balance in the Developmentally Stunted Mutant (dsm1)

Hui-Fang Zhao,Kai Qiu,Guo-Dong Ren,Yong Zhu,Ben-Ke Kuai 한국식물학회 2010 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.53 No.1

A developmentally stunted mutant (dsm1) of Arabidopsis, isolated from an EMS mutant screen, had a pleiotropic phenotype, including repressed germination,retarded growth, delayed flowering, and impaired fertility. Additionally, dsm1 had a lifespan of approximately 160 days, which was more than twice the lifespan of the wild type (Col-0). Fine morphological and anatomical characters, such as the shoot apical meristem, root apical meristem, seed shape, and seed surface, were obviously altered in dsm1. We found that both abscisic acid and zeatin riboside levels were significantly greater in dsm1 than in Col-0 at all stages of development, while the levels of indole-3-acetic acid and gibberellins varied by age. The expressions of some abscisic acid-related genes were higher in dsm1 than in Col-0. These data indicate that DSM1 may play a general role in plant growth and development.

The Lymphatic Drainage Pattern of Internal Mammary Sentinel Lymph Node Identified by Small Particle Radiotracer (99mTc-Dextran 40) in Breast

Xiao-Shan Cao,Guo-Ren Yang,Bin-Bin Cong,Peng-Fei Qiu,Yong-Sheng Wang 대한암학회 2019 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.51 No.2

Purpose The purpose of this study was to detect the lymphatic drainage pattern of internal mammary area and verify the concept of internal mammary sentinel lymph node (IM-SLN) in breast. Materials and Methods A small particle radiotracer (99mTc-Dextran 40) was prepared and tested. 99mTc-Dextran 40 was injected into intraparenchyma at the sound breast by a modified radiotracer injection technique. Subsequently, dynamic single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), computed tomography (CT), and SPECT/CT combination images were performed to identify the radioactive lymph vessels and internal mammary lymph nodes (IMLNs). The direction of lymph drainage and the location of the IMLNs were identified in the SPECT/CT imaging. Results The radiochemical purity of 99mTc-Dextran 40 was > 95%. 99mTc-Dextran 40 could drainage into first, second, and third lymph node and the radioactive lymph node could be detected by the  detector in the animal experiment. After 99mTc-Dextran 40 injecting into intraparenchyma, 50.0% cases (15/30) were identified the drainage lymphatic vessels and radioactive IMLNs by SPECT. The drainage lymphatic vessel was found from injection point to the first IMLN (IM-SLN) after 10.5±0.35 minutes radiotracer injection, and then 99mTc-Dextran 40 was accumulated into the IM-SLN. The combination imaging of SPECT/CT showed the second IMLN received the lymph drainage from the IM-SLN. The lymphatic drainage was step by step in the internal mammary area. Conclusion The lymph was identified to drain from different regions of the breast to IM-SLN, and then outward from IM-SLN to other IMLN consecutively. It demonstrated the concept of the IM-SLN and provided more evidences for the application of internal mammary sentinel lymph node biopsy.

Highly selective magnetic polymer particles via molecular imprinting

Xiaobing Wang,Guihua Qiu,Yi Ge,Wei Zheng,Lingmei Kong,Yajuan Xue,Bin Ren,YUXING PENG 한국화학공학회 2015 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.32 No.11

Magnetic hydrophilic molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) particles were successfully synthesized via an inverse suspension polymerization in silicone oil, by employing methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane(MPS)-modified Fe3O4 nanoparticles as magnetic particles, 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) as template, hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) as hydrophilic monomer, and acetonitrile as high polar porogen. The synthesized magnetic hydrophilic MIP particles could be separated rapidly under an external magnetic field. About 94% transmittance of the particlewater suspension could be reached within 20 min by magnetic separation, whereas about 84% transmittance was achieved after at least 180min by sedimentation. The adsorption capacity of the particles was also studied in pure aqueous environments. These hydrophilic MIP particles had a higher selectivity for templates. Hydrophilic MIP particles took on a higher imprinting factor than hydrophobic MIP particles and 2,4-D were able to rebind hydrophilic MIP particles more easily than 4-Chorophenoxyacetic acid.

Selective separation of Cd(II), Zn(II) and Pb(II) from Pb-Zn smelter wastewater via shear induced dissociation coupling with ultrafiltration

Hui-Shang Le,Yun-Ren Qiu 한국화학공학회 2020 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.37 No.5

Treatment of Pb-Zn smelter wastewater via complexation-ultrafiltration (C-UF) was studied using copolymer of acrylic acid-maleic acid (PMA) as complexant. The complexing reaction kinetics of M (Cd(II), Pb(II) and Zn(II)) with PMA were examined for the first time and the pseudo-first-order model could be employed to simulate the reaction. The effects of the mass ratio of PMA to metal ions (P/M) and pH on the simultaneous removal of Cd(II), Zn(II) and Pb(II) via C-UF were investigated, and the optimized P/M and pH are 10 and 7.0, respectively. Furthermore, the shear stability of PMA-Cd, PMA-Zn and PMA-Pb complexes was investigated, and the corresponding critical shear rates (c), the smallest shear rate at which the complexes begin to dissociate were 1.98×105, 1.81×104 and 1.38×105 s1, respectively. The selective recovery of Cd(II), Zn(II) and Pb(II) from Pb-Zn Smelter wastewater as well as the regeneration of PMA were fulfilled by shear induced dissociation coupled with ultrafiltration (SID-UF) according to the difference of critical shear rates of PMA-M complexes, and the regenerated PMA showed almost the same complexation ability as the original.