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      • KCI등재

        7Effects on Thermal and Ablative Properties of Phenolic Resin (Novolac) Blended Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber

        Rashid Nawaz,Naghmana Rashid,Zulfiqar Ali,Asad U. Khan,M. Shahid Nazir,Noaman Ul-Haq 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.6

        In this work we investigated the ablative response and thermal properties of phenolic resin (PR) blended acrylonitrile butadiene rubber (NBR) composites. PR was added to NBR in the proportion of 0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 phr by means of two-roll laboratory mill. PR remarkably improved ablation resistance and thermal properties of NBR/PR composite. The linear and mass ablation rates reduced to 21.3 % and 26.1 % respectively. The char content deposition increased from 0.19 to 26.8 %. Char layer produced by PR, obviously reduced the erosion rate of the NBR/PR composite relative to neat NBR (without PR). Detailed morphological studies of the composite and post-test (ablation) microstructure of char revealed that higher loading of PR in the rubber composite produced dense char layer firmly intact to the substrate. Furthermore, thermal stability of the composite improved by 22-23 ºC, however, thermal conductivity of the composite slightly increased by 0.115 W/mK for 50 Phr of PR loading as compared to the neat.

      • KCI등재

        Mining public opinion: a sentiment based forecasting for democratic elections of Pakistan

        Nawaz Asif,Ali Tariq,Hafeez Yaser,Rehman Saif ur,Rashid Muhammad Rizwan 대한공간정보학회 2022 Spatial Information Research Vol.30 No.1

        Twitter has emerged as outstanding and most prominent social media in today’s technological age. The data proliferates in quick and words with its activities trigger get fast responses from the users. This platform is perfect for promoting political perspectives, particularly when election campaigns are on its peak. Political trends on Twitter media has been contemplated in the course of recent years. In the past research, both supervised and unsupervised methodologies have been used to analyze the Twitter trends. Most of the Tweet classification approaches utilized built in Dictionaries, Naı¨ve Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), decision tree and Support Vector Machines (SVM) classifiers. However, in case of democratic election these trends can be mined to predict the winning party. However, all such approaches produce poor results due to language issues, low accuracy, limited access to internet and lower literacy rate in less developed countries such as Pakistan. This research study, find the best possible way for collection of tweets related to different political parties and build a prediction model that may analyze sentiments and opinions expressed by peoples in their Tweets. In this research work, a prediction based model along with novel similarity measure has been proposed to predict the election results of political parties in Pakistan. The proposed work is composed of data collection, preprocessing, aspect extraction, aspect refinement and final prediction using Bayesian theorem. Form the experimental results, it is concluded that proposed approach perform better than existing techniques by obtaining almost 98% accuracy and efficiently cover the limitations of existing studies.

      • KCI등재

        Mining public opinion: a sentiment based forecasting for democratic elections of Pakistan

        Nawaz Asif,Ali Tariq,Hafeez Yaser,Rehman Saif ur,Rashid Muhammad Rizwan 대한공간정보학회 2022 Spatial Information Research Vol.30 No.2

        Twitter has emerged as outstanding and most prominent social media in today’s technological age. The data proliferates in quick and words with its activities trigger get fast responses from the users. This platform is perfect for promoting political perspectives, particularly when election campaigns are on its peak. Political trends on Twitter media has been contemplated in the course of recent years. In the past research, both supervised and unsupervised methodologies have been used to analyze the Twitter trends. Most of the Tweet classification approaches utilized built in Dictionaries, Naı¨ve Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbors (KNN), decision tree and Support Vector Machines (SVM) classifiers. However, in case of democratic election these trends can be mined to predict the winning party. However, all such approaches produce poor results due to language issues, low accuracy, limited access to internet and lower literacy rate in less developed countries such as Pakistan. This research study, find the best possible way for collection of tweets related to different political parties and build a prediction model that may analyze sentiments and opinions expressed by peoples in their Tweets. In this research work, a prediction based model along with novel similarity measure has been proposed to predict the election results of political parties in Pakistan. The proposed work is composed of data collection, preprocessing, aspect extraction, aspect refinement and final prediction using Bayesian theorem. Form the experimental results, it is concluded that proposed approach perform better than existing techniques by obtaining almost 98% accuracy and efficiently cover the limitations of existing studies.

      • KCI등재

        Effect of opposing jet on aerodynamic and flight stability characteristics of a generic supersonic slender forebody

        Shagufta Rashid,Fahad Nawaz,Adnan Maqsood,Shuaib Salamat,Rizwan Riaz 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.6

        Active flow control techniques, such as opposing jets, hold a high potential to mitigate wave drag effects in supersonic and hypersonic regimes. In literature, most of the work is related to blunt shape bodies and their aerodynamic analysis. This article focuses on using an opposing jet in a drag reduction of a slender forebody and associated changes in flight stability characteristics. Unsteady Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) based solver is used for flow-field modeling. The free-stream flows at a Mach of 1.6 with the jet ejection Mach of 1 is considered. Analysis of the 3D shockwave and its displacement from the surface of the body is discussed. This analysis includes the parametric study of pressure ratios (PR = 3 to 15) with increasing angles of attack ( ∞α = 0° to 4°). The ejection of the jet displaces the shockwave from the leading edge of the slender forebody, which ultimately affects the body’s stability. The longitudinal flight stability characteristic of the body is studied in detail, with and without the jet’s ejection. This study indicates an improvement in the static stability coefficients (C ) at low angles of attack. The dynamic stability coefficients ( +C C ) are also analyzed. It is concluded that the opposing jet improves the stability characteristics of the slender forebody.

      • Instability analysis of microfilaments with and without surface effects using Euler theory

        Taj, Muhammad,Khadimallah, Mohamed A.,Hussain, Muzamal,Mahmood, Shaid,Safeer, Muhammad,Rashid, Yahya,Ahmad, Manzoor,Naeem, M. Nawaz,Asghar, Sehar,Ponnore, Joffin,Al Qahtani, Abdelaziz,Mahmoud, S.R.,Al Techno-Press 2021 Advances in nano research Vol.10 No.6

        The study of cell components has been an active area of research since the last few decades. Cytoskeleton of the cell which gives shape and provides structure to the cell has three main components, microtubules, microfilaments and intermediate filaments. Each of the cytoskeletal components is surrounded by various filamentous or the other cytoskeletal components act as a surface layer on these filaments. The stability of these components affected when cell perform various functions in the body and as a result these filaments buckle, vibrate and bend. In the present study the buckling behavior of microfilament is discussed with the effects of surface by using Euler Bernoulli beam theory and the obtained results for free and surrounded microfilament are shown in the tables and figures.

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