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Raschke, U.,Chaffin, D. B. 한국경영과학회 1996 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.1
This study investigated the length-tension and velocity-force relations of the torso erecters. A myoelectric based approach was used wherein a dynamic biomechanical model incorporating active and passive tissue characteristics provided muscle kinematic estimates during controlled sagittal plane extension motions. A double linear optimization formulation from the literature provided muscle tension estimates. The data supported a linear length-tension relation toward full flexion for both the erector spinae and latissimus muscles. Velocity trends agreed with that predicted by Hill's exponential relation. The results have implications for muscle tension estimation in biomechanical torso modeling, and suggest a possible low back pain injury mechanism.
Park, Kyoung-Duck,Raschke, Markus B.,Jang, Min Jung,Kim, Jung Hwa,O, Beom-Hoan,Park, Se-Geun,Lee, El-Hang,Lee, Seung Gol American Chemical Society 2016 The Journal of Physical Chemistry Part C Vol.120 No.37
<P>Despite the power of far-field super-resolution microscopies for three-dimensional imaging of biomolecular structures and processes, its application is challenged in dense and crowded samples and for certain surface and membrane studies. Although near-field imaging with its ability to provide intrinsic subdiffraction limited spatial resolution at any optical modality, its application to biological systems has remained limited because of the difficulties of routine operation in liquid environments. Here we demonstrate stable and sensitive near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM) in a liquid based on a new mechanical resonance control and an optimization of the tip length, achieving a high quality factor (>2800) force sensing of the near-field probe. Through near-field imaging of the spatial distribution of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFRs) on the membrane of A431 cancer cells as an example, we reveal nanoscale correlations between surface EGFR and intracellular organelle structures with similar to 50 nm spatial resolution. The method provides a new avenue surface imaging in viscous liquid media to complement super-resolution microscopy for studies of biological membranes, nanostructures, and interfaces.</P>