The effect of Elsholtzia densa methanolic extract modulates inflammation in vitro and in vivo

Ovais Ahmad Zargar,Rohina Bashir,Showkat Ahmad Ganie,Rabia Hamid 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2019 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.19 No.1

Inflammatory diseases being one of the back bending global burden are alarming the world. Established anti-inflammatory drugs exert side-effects, demanding for the development of alternative drugs, likely from natural source because of their diverse chemical nature. The anti-inflammatory activity of aerial part methanol extract of Elsholtzia densa collected from the natural forest of Naranag area of Kashmir valley was evaluated both in vitro and in vivo model systems using Macrophages RAW 264.7 cells and acute (carrageenan and histamine-induced rat paw edema) and chronic model (formaldehyde induced arthritis) respectively. The EDM extract exhibited a significant decline in the paw volume being at par with the standard drug Diclofenac (10 mg/kg) as compared with the control group. The reduction was observed in dose dependent manner with 300 mg/kg resulting in 27.27% and 100 mg/kg in 16.88% inhibition at 3rd h. A statistically significant (p < 0.05) decline in the secretion of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines like TNF-α, IL-1 β and IL-6 was found with 80.93%, 75.33% and 67.09%, and 83.25%, 62.11% and 66.69% in EDM-300 as compared with the carrageenan and histamine group respectively. The pro-inflammatory cytokines levels showed clampdown in LPS stimulated RAW264.7 by the extract treatments. The LC–MS data revealed the presence of Quercetin 3-glycosides, Apigenin 7-(2″-acetyl-6″-methylglucuronide) and betulinic acid as major compounds present in EDM extract. Results obtained from in vivo experiments demonstrate that oral administration of EDM extract significantly attenuated inflammation in carrageenan and histamine-induced paw edema, and improved chronic models (formaldehyde induced arthritis).

Negotiation as a Collaborative Tool for Determining Permissions and Detection of Malicious Applications

Riaz, Rabia,Shahla, Sanam,Ahmad, Mubashar,Shokat, Sana,Jin, Se The Science and Information Organization 2018 International journal of advanced computer science Vol.9 No.10

Vertebral Endplate Changes Correlate with Presence of Cartilaginous Endplate in the Herniated Disc Tissue: Factor Predicting Failure of Conservative Treatment

Latif Rabia,Imran Sumera,Ahmad Ijaz,Ilyas Muhammad Saad,Aziz Amer,Zehra Uruj 대한척추외과학회 2022 Asian Spine Journal Vol.16 No.2

Study Design: Cross-sectional comparative. Purpose: To characterize the scores of disc degeneration, inflammation, and nerve density in herniated disc samples and associate findings with the presence of vertebral endplate (VEP) changes on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Overview of Literature: Considering the role of disc composition in spontaneous regression and persistence of pain during conservative management, it is important to identify the influencing factors. VEP changes are highly associated with disc degeneration, but their correlation with herniated disc composition has not yet been reported. Methods: Fifty-one discs were obtained from patients undergoing surgery for herniated disc. Their ages ranged from 19-65 years, and 31/51 were male. Pre-surgical T1 and T2 weighted lumbar-spine MRIs were analyzed to observe Pfirrmann grade, VEP defects, herniation type, Modic changes, and high-intensity zones (HIZ) at the affected level. Five-micron thick sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, Alcian blue periodic acid–Schiff stain; examined for histological degeneration scores (HDS; 0–15), inflammation (0 [absence]–3 [severe]), and presence of cartilaginous endplate (CEP). Three-micron thick sections were stained with protein-gene-product 9.5 and expression was counted/mm2. Data was analyzed, and p<0.05 was considered to indicate statistical significance. Results: VEP defects, Modic changes, and HIZ were respectively observed in 30/51, 16/51, and 6/51 of the samples. CEP was observed in 26/51 samples and in 23/51 with endplate defects. Discs with adjacent VEP defects showed increased HDS (p<0.001) and inflammation (p<0.001). Discs with adjacent Modic changes also revealed increased HDS (p=0.01). Histological sections with CEP showed increased HDS (p<0.001) and inflammation (p<0.001), and nerve density was significantly positively correlated with HDS (r=0.27, p=0.02). Conclusions: VEP changes can modulate degeneration and inflammation of herniated discs. Presence of these changes is highly predictive of the occurrence of CEP in herniated discs, which leads to slow resorption and persistent clinical symptoms.

Structural, spectral, dielectric and magnetic properties of Co–Cr-substituted hexagonal ferrites with X-type structure

Ejaz Syeda Rabia,Khan Muhammad Azhar,Gulbadan Shagufta,Akhtar Majid Niaz,Ahmad Mukhtar,Hussain Altaf,Islam Misbah ul 한국세라믹학회 2022 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.59 No.4

Co 2+ and Cr 3+ -substituted SrBaCu Fe 28- y O 46 X-type hexaferrite with x = y = 0, 0.1 to 0.5 (step = 0.1) were prepared Co Cr 2- x x y through auto-combustion sol–gel method and sintered at 1250 °C for 5 h which was found from thermal analysis. The thermal investigation, phase detection, spectral, magnetic, and dielectric characteristics of the prepared composition were investigated by TGA, XRD, FTIR, VSM, and dielectric measurement. XRD patterns of the entire composition confi rmed the development of a single phase of X-type structure. The enhancement in the lattice parameters and cell volume was observed by varying the Co–Cr concentration, attributed to the larger ionic radii substitution. FTIR\spectra of all samples exhibit two absorption peaks in the wavenumber range of 500–550  cm −1 and 418–425  cm −1 that confi rm the formation of hexaferrite. The dielectric properties have been inspected based on frequency and substitution variation in the sample. The dielectric constant exhibits the increasing trend with the Co–Cr ratio. The enhancement in Ac conductivity was also found by increased substitution ions. Single semi-circles were examined in Nyquist plots, attributed to the contribution of the grain boundaries. Detailed magnetic parameters such as saturation magnetization, remanence, squareness ratio, coercivity, and magneto-crystalline anisotropy constant were measured. By the increase in Co–Cr substitution the increased of saturation magnetization ( Ms ) from 61.12 emu/g to 64.89 emu/g, the remanence ( Mr ) from 27.43 emu/g to 30.71 emu/g, and coercivity ( H c ) from 1654.56 Oe to 1863.54 Oe was found. Therefore, the synthesized SrBaCu 2 X-type hexagonal ferrites with the appropriate amount of Co–Cr substitution are suitable candidates for microwave devices and valuable in longitudinal recording media.

Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Elsholtzia densa

Misba Khan,Rabia Hamid,Showkat Ahmad Ganie,Ishfak Hussain Wani,Bashir Ahmad Ganai,Akbar Masood,Mohmmad Afzal Zargar,Akhter Hussain Malik 사단법인약침학회 2012 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.5 No.3

Medicinal plants have been used traditionally to cure variety of diseases from times immemorial. Elsholtzia densa, a rare annual herb of Kashmir valley was assessed for its antioxidant efficacy. Antioxidant activity of the crude extracts was evaluated using DPPH, DNA sugar damage, lipid peroxidation, FTC and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays. The percentage decrease of 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl radical (DPPH) standard solution was recorded maximum for the 50% ethanolic extract (90.48%). The extracts were further evaluated using the thiobarbituric acid-reactive species (TBARS) assay. The methanolic extract showed the highest activity (32.02%) in reducing oxidative damage to DNA. The antioxidant activity of the extracts were also determined using linoleic acid system and the highest antioxidant activity of 49.64% was found in 50% ethanolic extract. In case of FTC assay, the 50% ethanolic extract showed the highest activity (70.14%) which was comparable to that of α-tocopherol. Moreover, total phenolics concentration was found to be 62.5mg% and 77.5mg% in case of absolute ethanolic and 50% ethanolic extracts, respectively. These findings indicate promising antioxidant activity of crude extracts of the plant and need further exploration for its effective use in both modern and traditional system of medicines.

Designing CuSe-gCN nanocomposite as an active electrocatalyst for water oxidation

Alharbi Fatemah Farraj,Ahmad Zahoor,Chughtai Adeel Hussain,Khosa Rabia Yasmin,Farid Hafiz Muhammad Tahir 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.40 No.9

CuSe-gCN nanocrystals were premeditated and produced utilizing a simple hydrothermal method. Different analytical techniques well characterized the generated samples. The prepared samples also contain nanocrystals with a vertical shape, decorated with numerous nanoparticles. All characterizations confirm the phase composition of composite CuSe-gCN. The pore size of the N2 adsorption-desorption isotherm also pointed to a mesoporous structure. Furthermore, the combination of distinct morphology nanoparticles embellished on gCN graphitized nanotubes helps to achieve larger current densities and lower starting potentials for the oxygen evolution process. Because of their unique mesoporous structure, the CuSe-gCN catalysts show exceptional electrical conductivity and electrocatalytic activity. Compared to monometallic CuSe and gCN, CuSe-gCN significantly lower overpotential of 208 mV was needed to obtain a current density of 10 mA/cm2. The CuSe-gCN nanocrystals displayed good stability and a low Tafel slope of 35 mV/dec. This research shows that it is possible to use a copper-based selenide with gCN and combine all the beneficial characteristics in a single catalyst system.. Still, it also offers fresh perspectives on the logical proposal and creation of effective electrocatalysts for various applications.

Hepatoprotective effects of Meconopsis aculeata extract against CCl4 induced oxidative damage in rats

Sumaya Hassan,Muzaffar Ahmad Bhat,Nasreena Sajjad,Rohaya Ali,Showkat Ahmad Ganie,Rabia Hamid 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2020 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.20 No.4

The objective of the present study was to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of methanol extract of Meconopsis aculeata, an important medicinal plant of Kashmir Himalayas, against CCl4 induced oxidative damage in rats. Acute hepatotoxicity was induced in Wistar albino rats by single intraperitoneal injection of CCl4 at 1 ml/kg body weight dose. Methanol extract of M. aculeata was orally administered at the doses of 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight/day for 14 days. The results revealed that administration of CCl4 caused a significant increase in serum AST, ALT and LDH levels as compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Additionally, there was a significant decrease in the level of hepatic GSH, GPx, GST, SOD and CAT activities associated with a significant increase of MDA content in CCl4 treated group compared to those of the control group. However, the treatment with methanol extract of M. aculeata prevented these alterations and maintained the antioxidant status. The hepatoprotective property of the extract was further confirmed by histopathological analysis, wherein the extract was shown to prevent neutrophil infiltration and tissue necrosis in the liver samples of treated animals. The results of the present investigation indicate that methanol extract of M. aculeata possesses potent hepatoprotective activity, possibly due to its antioxidant properties.

Optimization of the whole extract of Zarawand Mudaharaj (Aristolochia rotunda L.) root by Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

MD Zakir Ansari,Ghulamuddin Sofi,Hamiduddin,Haqeeq Ahmad,Rabia Basri,Abrar Alam 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2021 셀메드 (CellMed) Vol.11 No.3

The chemical constitution of a drug has been accepted as an important basis for pharmacological action in Unani medicine. Various dosage forms have been developed on this concept, such as decoctions (Joshanda), infusions (Khesanda), extract (Rub / Usara), and syrup. Zarawand Mudaharaj (ZM.) / Aristolochia rotunda L. root was subjected to extraction process using Soxhlet’s apparatus by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to design the number of random runs of the extracts with variation in the factors of temperature, the concentration of ethanol in water, time for extraction, for optimizing and maximizing the yield concentration. The data obtained, was analyzed with regression equation and ANOVA two-way summary to interpret the interaction of the factors for yield maximization. Minitab version 18 was used to design and analyze data. Validation of the optimum conditions for maximum yield of the whole extract of ZM. Root was carried out by re-run of the extract using the optimized conditions. The maximum yield percentage thus obtained using RSM was 20.87% whereas using these optimum conditions 21.35 % yield was obtained thereby validating the method. The association between the response functions and the process variables was identified by a three-factor recorded Box-Behnken design. In the present study RSM is used because itis a cheap and affordable method to optimize maximum yield percentage which may be reliably used by researchers. The study set in the surface conditions for ZM. root extraction by the Soxhlet apparatus for maximizing the yield percentage.

Development and Mechanical Characterization of Weave Design Based 2D Woven Auxetic Fabrics for Protective Textiles

Mumtaz Ali,Muhammad Zeeshan,Muhammad Bilal Qadir,Rabia Riaz,Sheraz Ahmad,Yasir Nawab,Aima Sameen Anjum 한국섬유공학회 2018 Fibers and polymers Vol.19 No.11

Auxetic materials expand in at least one dimension, when stretched longitudinally i.e. they have negative Poisson’s ratio. Development of 2D woven auxetic fabrics (AF) is a new approach to develop mechanically stable auxetic textile structures. However, the mechanical response of such emerging structure is still not studied in detail yet, therefore different mechanical properties of 2D woven AF are compared with conventional non-auxetic fabric (NAF). AF was developed by orienting yarns in auxetic honey-comb (AHC) geometry and auxeticity is induced due to such orientation of yarns. AF was developed using conventional (non-auxetic) materials; cotton yarn and elastane cotton yarn in warp and weft dimension respectively, using air jet loom. Structure and auxeticity of AF were analyzed using a digital microscope and its different mechanical properties (tensile strength, tear strength, bursting strength, cut resistance, and puncture resistance) were studied. AF showed superior mechanical properties with a lower initial modulus, which is beneficial for different protective textiles applications like cut resistance gloves, blast resistant curtains, and puncture tolerant elastomeric composites.

The electrical, dielectric and magnetic effect of MgFe2O4–polypyrrole and its composites

Alburaih H. A.,Khan Sajjad Ahmad,Khosa Rabia Yasmin,Ejaz Syeda Rabia,Khan Abdul Rauf,Muhammad Ghulam,Waheed Muhammad Suleman,Chughtai Adeel Hussain,Manzoor Sumaira,Aman Salma 한국세라믹학회 2023 한국세라믹학회지 Vol.60 No.2

In the modern world of health and life sciences, the utilization of nanoscale materials, particularly magnetic nanoparticles, is a hot topic. Here in the present study, MgFe2O4 is synthesized via the chemical co-precipitation technique, and the polypyrrole (PPy) is fabricated via in situ polymerization technique to form the MgFe2O4/PPy nanocomposite by varying its content in the ferrite material. The electrical, magnetic, and dielectric properties of the fabricated materials were studied to investigate their applications in electronic devices. The magnetization saturation Ms, remanence Mr and coercivity Hc increase with the addition of ferrite material. The activation of the fabricated material increases from 0.11 to 0.34 eV, indicating the increase in electrical resistivity. The other important parameters such as squareness ratio and drift mobility were also calculated. The increment in DC electrical resistivity, saturation magnetic magnetization and remanence as well as reduction in dielectric constant values with the ferrite material addition in the polypyrrole suggest that the materials can be beneficial for recording media as well as high-frequency devices.