Structural characterization of the pulmonary innate immune protein SPLUNC1 and identification of lipid ligands

Ning, Fangkun,Wang, Chao,Berry, Karin Zemski,Kandasamy, Pitchaimani,Liu, Haolin,Murphy, Robert C.,Voelker, Dennis R.,Nho, Chu Won,Pan, Choel-Ho,Dai, Shaodong,Niu, Liwen,Chu, Hong-Wei,Zhang, Gongyi The Federation of American Societies for Experimen 2014 The FASEB Journal Vol.28 No.12

<P>The short palate, lung and nasal epithelial clone 1 (SPLUNC1) protein is a member of the palate, lung, and nasal epithelium clone (PLUNC) family, also known as bactericidal/permeability-increasing (BPI) fold-containing protein, family A, member 1 (BPIFA1). SPLUNC1 is an abundant protein in human airways, but its function remains poorly understood. The lipid ligands of SPLUNC1 as well as other PLUNC family members are largely unknown, although some reports provide evidence that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) could be a lipid ligand. Unlike previous hypotheses, we found significant structural differences between SPLUNC1 and BPI. Recombinant SPLUNC1 produced in HEK 293 cells harbored several molecular species of sphingomyelin and phosphatidylcholine as its ligands. Significantly, <I>in vitro</I> lipid-binding studies failed to demonstrate interactions between SPLUNC1 and LPS, lipoteichoic acid, or polymyxin B. Instead, one of the major and most important pulmonary surfactant phospholipids, dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), bound to SPLUNC1 with high affinity and specificity. We found that SPLUNC1 could be the first protein receptor for DPPC. These discoveries provide insight into the specific determinants governing the interaction between SPLUNC1 and lipids and also shed light on novel functions that SPLUNC1 and other PLUNC family members perform in host defense.—Ning, F., Wang, C., Berry, K. Z., Kandasamy, P., Liu, H., Murphy, R. C., Voelker, D. R., Nho, C. W., Pan, C.-H., Dai, S., Niu, L., Chu, H.-W., Zhang, G. Structural characterization of the pulmonary innate immune protein SPLUNC1 and identification of lipid ligands.</P>

Flexural-Torsional Buckling Tests of Cold-Formed Lipped Channel Beams Under Restrained Boundary Conditions

R. Kandasamy,Dr. R. Thenmozhi,Dr. L.S. Jeyagopal 한국강구조학회 2016 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.16 No.3

In this paper, tests on flexural buckling (Lateral-Torsional) of cold-formed steel (CFS) lipped Channel beams under restrained boundary conditions are described. Two point loading for flexural tests have been established for 3.0 m span to obtain uniform bending moment. The section sizes selected for testing are 100×50×10, 100×50×15, and 100×50×20 mm with 1.6 and 2.0 mm thickness for the investigation. Carefully designed loading and support systems were used in the tests to apply gravity load through the web of the section and to ensure that simply supported ends were established. The test results were compared with the moment obtained using BS5950: Part 5 and IS code 801-1975. The influences of warping and torsional restraints on flexural capacity are presented. The influence of buckling length for different boundary conditions proposed by Rhodes is considered to calculate critical flexural-torsional buckling moment.

Non linear variable viscosity on MHD mixed convection heattransfer along Hiemenz flow over a thermally stratified porouswedge

R.Kandasamy,I.Hashim,K.Ruhaila 한국전산응용수학회 2008 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.26 No.1

The effect of variable viscosity on MHD mixed convection Hiemenz flow over a thermally stratified porous wedge plate has been studied in the presence of suction or injection. The wall of the wedge is embedded in a uniform Darcian porous medium in order to allow for possible fluid wall suction or injection and has a power-law variation of the wall temperature. An approximate numerical solution for the steady laminar boundary-layer flow over a wall of the wedge in the presence of thermal diffusion has been obtained by solving the governing equations using numerical technique. The fluid is assumed to be viscous and incompressible. Numerical calculations are carried out for different values of dimensionless parameters and an analysis of the results obtained shows that the flow field is influenced appreciably by the magnetic effect, variable viscosity, thermal stratification and suction / injection at wall surface. Effects of these major parameters on the transport behaviors are investigated methodically and typical results are illustrated to reveal the tendency of the solutions. Comparisons with previously published works are performed and excellent agreement between the results is obtained. The effect of variable viscosity on MHD mixed convection Hiemenz flow over a thermally stratified porous wedge plate has been studied in the presence of suction or injection. The wall of the wedge is embedded in a uniform Darcian porous medium in order to allow for possible fluid wall suction or injection and has a power-law variation of the wall temperature. An approximate numerical solution for the steady laminar boundary-layer flow over a wall of the wedge in the presence of thermal diffusion has been obtained by solving the governing equations using numerical technique. The fluid is assumed to be viscous and incompressible. Numerical calculations are carried out for different values of dimensionless parameters and an analysis of the results obtained shows that the flow field is influenced appreciably by the magnetic effect, variable viscosity, thermal stratification and suction / injection at wall surface. Effects of these major parameters on the transport behaviors are investigated methodically and typical results are illustrated to reveal the tendency of the solutions. Comparisons with previously published works are performed and excellent agreement between the results is obtained.

Flexural-Torsional Buckling Tests of Cold-Formed Lipped Channel Beams under Restrained Boundary Conditions

R. Kandasamy,R. Thenmozhi,L. S. Jayagopal 대한토목학회 2015 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.19 No.7

In this paper, tests on flexural buckling (Lateral-Torsional) of Cold-Formed Steel (CFS) lipped Channel beams under restrained boundary conditions are described Two point loading for flexural tests have been established for 3.0 m span to obtain uniform bending moment. The section sizes selected for testing are 100 × 50 × 10 mm, 100 × 50 × 15 mm and 100 × 50 × 20 mm with 1.6 mm and 2.0 mm thickness for the investigation. Carefully designed loading and support systems were used in the tests to apply gravity load through the web of the section and to ensure that simply supported ends were established. The test results are compared in the BS5950 : Part 5 and IS code 801-1975. The influence of warping and torsional restraints on flexural capacity is presented. The influence of buckling length for different boundary conditions proposed by Rhodes was considered to calculate critical flexuraltorsional buckling moment.

Removal of leather tanning agent syntan from aqueous solution using Fenton oxidation followed by GAC adsorption

R. Thankappan,T.V. Nguyen,S.V. Srinivasan,S Vigneswaran,J. Kandasamy,P. Loganathan 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.21 No.1

The optimum conditions for the removal of leather tanning agent syntan from aqueous solution byFenton oxidation at 22 8C for an initial syntan concentration of 500 mg/L were pH 3, and concentrationsof H2O2 and FeSO4 of 300 mg/L and 500 mg/L, respectively. Fenton oxidation followed by granularactivated carbon (GAC) adsorption in fixed-bed column resulted in more than 95% removal of dissolvedorganic carbon, compared to 55–70% removal by Fenton oxidation alone and GAC adsorption alone. Theremoval of individual organic fractions was also higher for the combined treatment compared to theFenton oxidation alone.

NON LINEAR VARIABLE VISCOSITY ON MHD MIXED CONVECTION HEAT TRANSFER ALONG HIEMENZ FLOW OVER A THERMALLY STRATIFIED POROUS WEDGE

Kandasamy, R.,Hashim, I.,Ruhaila, K. Korean Society of Computational and Applied Mathem 2008 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.26 No.1

The effect of variable viscosity on MHD mixed convection Hiemenz flow over a thermally stratified porous wedge plate has been studied in the presence of suction or injection. The wall of the wedge is embedded in a uniform Darcian porous medium in order to allow for possible fluid wall suction or injection and has a power-law variation of the wall temperature. An approximate numerical solution for the steady laminar boundary-layer flow over a wall of the wedge in the presence of thermal diffusion has been obtained by solving the governing equations using numerical technique. The fluid is assumed to be viscous and incompressible. Numerical calculations are carried out for different values of dimensionless parameters and an analysis of the results obtained shows that the flow field is influenced appreciably by the magnetic effect, variable viscosity, thermal stratification and suction / injection at wall surface. Effects of these major parameters on the transport behaviors are investigated methodically and typical results are illustrated to reveal the tendency of the solutions. Comparisons with previously published works are performed and excellent agreement between the results is obtained.

Seasonal PM₁₀ dynamics in Kathmandu Valley

Aryal, R.K.,Lee, B.K.,Karki, R.,Gurung, A.,Kandasamy, J.,Pathak, B.K.,Sharma, S.,Giri, N. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier [distribution] 2008 Atmospheric environment Vol.42 No.37

Data on ambient PM<SUB>10</SUB> levels from six locations in the Kathmandu Valley recorded by means of continuous sampling using low volume air samplers from October 2002 to March 2007 were used to investigate PM<SUB>10</SUB> concentration dynamics in the valley. Monthly average data of the urban areas, which have much higher concentrations than the rural areas, even exceeded the daily standard level of PM<SUB>10</SUB>, in Nepal, 120μmm<SUP>-3</SUP>. Repetitive peaks and troughs each year indicated annual patterns. Monthly average showed seasonal patterns are different between rural area and urban sites. The highest monthly average concentration was observed in February, the end of winter in urban areas where as in rural found in spring, and the lowest concentration was observed in July (monsoon period). The continuous increase in PM<SUB>10</SUB> concentration from December to February in urban areas showed accumulation of PM<SUB>10</SUB> in the ambient air during the wintertime. Rainfall in June and September, during the monsoon period, caused a PM<SUB>10</SUB> concentration decrease, demonstrating that precipitation is effective in removing PM<SUB>10</SUB> from the valley. Cross correlation analyses among the PM<SUB>10</SUB> levels measured simultaneously at the sampling stations showed a poor relationship in winter; however, there were good relationships in the monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. Both the PM<SUB>10</SUB> concentration and the air-mixing environment in the valley were closely associated with the temperature and wind speed.

Semiconductor coupled solar photo-Fenton's treatment of dyes and textile effluent

Raji, Jeevitha R.,Palanivelu, Kandasamy Techno-Press 2016 Advances in environmental research Vol.5 No.1

$NanoTiO_2$ was synthesized by ultrasonication assisted sol-gel process and subjected to iron doping and carbon-iron codoping. The synthesized catalysts were characterized by XRD, HR-SEM, EDX, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy and BET specific surface area analysis. The average crystallite size of pure $TiO_2$ was in the range of 30 - 33 nm, and that of Fe-$TiO_2$ and C-Fe $TiO_2$ was in the range of 7 - 13 nm respectively. The specific surface area of the iron doped and carbon-iron codoped nanoparticles was around $105m^2/g$ and $91m^2/g$ respectively. The coupled semiconductor photo-Fenton's activity of the synthesized catalysts was evaluated by the degradation of a cationic dye (C.I. Basic blue 9) and an anionic dye (C.I. Acid orange 52) with concurrent investigation on the operating variables such as pH, catalyst dosage, oxidant concentration and initial pollutant concentration. The most efficient C-Fe codoped catalyst was found to effectively destruct synthetic dyes and potentially treat real textile effluent achieving 93.4% of COD removal under minimal solar intensity (35-40 kiloLUX). This reveals the practical applicability of the process for the treatment of real wastewater in both high and low insolation regimes.

Influence of thermophoresis particle deposition and chemical reaction on unsteady non-Darcy MHD mixed convective flow over a porous wedge in the presence of temperature-dependent viscosity†

I. Muhaimin,R. Kandasamy,Azme B. Khamis,Roslan Rozaini 대한기계학회 2013 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.27 No.5

An analysis is presented to investigate the effect of thermophoresis particle deposition and temperature dependent viscosity on unsteady non-Darcy MHD mixed convective heat and mass transfer of a viscous, incompressible and electrically conducting fluid past a porous wedge in the presence of chemical reaction. The wall of the wedge is embedded in a uniform non-Darcian porous medium in order to allow for possible fluid wall suction or injection. The results are compared with those known from the literature and excellent agreement between the results is obtained. The governing partial differential equations of the problem, subjected to their boundary conditions,are solved numerically by applying an efficient solution scheme for local nonsimilarity boundary layer analysis. Numerical calculations are carried out for different values of dimensionless parameter in the problem and an analysis of the results obtained show that the flow field is influenced appreciably by the applied magnetic field and thermophoresis particle deposition.

Review of Stormwater Quality, Quantity and Treatment Methods Part 1: Stormwater Quantity Modelling

Rupak Aryal,J. Kandasamy,S. Vigneswarant,R. Naidu,S. H. Lee 대한환경공학회 2009 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.14 No.2

A review of stormwater quantity and quality in the urban environment is presented. The review is presented in three parts. The first part reviews the mathematical methods for stormwater quantity and has been undertaken by examining a number of stormwater models that are in current use. The important feature of models, their applications, and management has been discussed. Different types of stormwater management models are presented in the literatures. Generally, all the models are simplified as conceptual or empirical depending on whether the model is based on physical laws or not. In both cases if any of the variables in the model are regarded as random variables having a probability distribution, then the model is stochastic model. Otherwise the model is deterministic (based on process descriptions). The analytical techniques are presented in this paper.