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Philip J. Currie,Yoichi Azuma 한국고생물학회 2006 고생물학회지 Vol.22 No.1
모식표본 Fukuiraptor kitadaniensis와 같은 종에 속하는 뼈와 이빨들이 일본 후쿠이현 전기 백악기(Albian) 지층인 Kitadani 화석지에서 발굴되었다. 이들 회석들은 계통발생학적 위치를 결정하는데 도움이 되는 여러 정보를 가지고 있을 뿐 아니라 일련의 개체발생을 나타내고 있다. 모식표본은 미성숙 표본이며 전체 길이는 4.2m 였다. 같은 화석지에서 산출된 다른 화석들은 이 보다 더 작은 개체의 것이다. 새끼뼈의 일부는 모식표본의 것에 1/3 보다 작다. In addition to the holotype skeleton of Fukuiraptor kitadaniensis, isolated teeth and bones of the same taxon have been collected from the Kitadani Quarry of the Lower Cretaceous (Barremian) strata in Fukui Prefecture, Japan. These provide additional information that help determine its phylogenetic position, and also represent a growth series. The holotype is an immature specimen, which was about 4.2 meters long. Other fossils from the same quarry are all from smaller individuals. Some of the juvenile bones are less than a third the linear length of equivalent bones in the holotype.
Resolving the long-standing enigmas of a giant ornithomimosaur Deinocheirus mirificus
Lee, Yuong-Nam,Barsbold, Rinchen,Currie, Philip J.,Kobayashi, Yoshitsugu,Lee, Hang-Jae,Godefroit, Pascal,Escuillié,, Franç,ois,Chinzorig, Tsogtbaatar Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2014 Nature Vol.515 No.7526
The holotype of Deinocheirus mirificus was collected by the 1965 Polish–Mongolian Palaeontological Expedition at Altan Uul III in the southern Gobi of Mongolia. Because the holotype consists mostly of giant forelimbs (2.4 m in length) with scapulocoracoids, for almost 50 years Deinocheirus has remained one of the most mysterious dinosaurs. The mosaic of ornithomimosaur and non-ornithomimosaur characters in the holotype has made it difficult to resolve the phylogenetic status of Deinocheirus. Here we describe two new specimens of Deinocheirus that were discovered in the Nemegt Formation of Altan Uul IV in 2006 and Bugiin Tsav in 2009. The Bugiin Tsav specimen (MPC-D 100/127) includes a left forelimb clearly identifiable as Deinocheirus and is 6% longer than the holotype. The Altan Uul IV specimen (MPC-D 100/128) is approximately 74% the size of MPC-D 100/127. Cladistic analysis indicates that Deinocheirus is the largest member of the Ornithomimosauria; however, it has many unique skeletal features unknown in other ornithomimosaurs, indicating that Deinocheirus was a heavily built, non-cursorial animal with an elongate snout, a deep jaw, tall neural spines, a pygostyle, a U-shaped furcula, an expanded pelvis for strong muscle attachments, a relatively short hind limb and broad-tipped pedal unguals. Ecomorphological features in the skull, more than a thousand gastroliths, and stomach contents (fish remains) suggest that Deinocheirus was a megaomnivore that lived in mesic environments.
David A. Eberth,Demchig Badamgarav,Philip J. Currie 한국고생물학회 2009 고생물학회지 Vol.25 No.1
The Baruungoyot and Nemegt formations interfinger through a minimum of 23 meters of stratigraphic section at Nemegt. This interfingering stratigraphic interval comprises the lower one-half of the Nemegt Formation's stratigraphic exposure in the area. This interfingering formational contact, as well as an upsection increase in conglomeratic sediments in the Nemegt Formation are evidence for progradation of the Nemegt clastics. We infer that during Nemegt "time," uplift in the paleo-Altan Nemegt source area increased both sediment supply and the depositional gradient, which, in tum, decreased accommodation. Decreased accommodation resulted in a preservational bias for channel-fill and sheet flood deposits. During progradation, a multi-kilometer-wide Nemegt meanderbelt episodically shifted its position to the southeast, and occasionally back-stepped to the northwest, thus leaving a succession of interfingering Baruungoyot and Nemegt tongues in the stratigraphic record. The meanderbelt hosted medium-size channels (~6 m deep and 75 m wide) that flowed to the southwest. Southeast of the meanderbelt, seasonally wet-dry distal-basin environments of the Baruungoyot Formation continued to exist during the time represented by the interfingering interval. The interfingering interval is the most vertebrate-fossil rich part of the stratigraphic section in this area (Nemegt meanderbelt tongues in particular). Rich fossil OCCUITences in this interfingering interval indicate that many of the Nemegt and Baruungoyot vertebrates from this interval co-existed.
Lee, Hang-Jae,Lee, Yuong-Nam,Adams, Thomas L.,Currie, Philip J.,Kobayashi, Yoshitsugu,Jacobs, Louis L.,Koppelhus, Eva B. Elsevier 2018 Palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology Vol.494 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A theropod tracksite was discovered in the Nemegt Formation (Maastrichtian) at Bügiin Tsav, Mongolia by the Korea-Mongolia International Dinosaur Project in 2009. A total of 67 tracks (14 trackways [one didactylous, 13 tridactylous] and 12 isolated tracks) belonging to four ichnomorphotypes were mapped on a single horizon. This indicates at least four different theropod trackmakers lived in the same area at the same time. This tracksite consists of laminated gray mudstone-yellowish brown siltstone couplets interbedded with eolian yellowish brown sandstone deposited on a distal floodplain. Abundant footprints with V-shaped profiles (cross-section) within in the vertical section indicate that dinosaurs repeatedly walked across in this area. Before the discovery of the tracks, the site was illegally excavated by fossil poachers, a widespread problem in the Gobi Desert. During excavation of the track horizon, a clenched, inclined <I>Gallimimus</I> foot skeleton was found in the mudstone, extended down 20cm below the track-bearing sandstone layer. The occurrence of tracks closely associated with body fossils is unusual and taphonomically intriguing. It is possible that the foot skeleton represents an animal that died in its tracks. However, the depth of the foot in mud is probably too shallow for the animal to have been mired. Sedimentological and taphonomic evidence also suggests that the pes of <I>Gallimimus</I> may have passed straight through the track-bearing sandstone layer. The inclined right pes indicates that the body lay on its left side on the substrate. During decomposition in the mud, all digits were flexed but the distal phalanges were stuck and anchored in the stiff lower mud. Consequently, as more proximal phalanges were able to accommodate flexing, they were pulled away and dislocated from the anchored distal phalanges. Subsequent trampling by dinosaurs in the track-bearing sandstone would have further distorted the underlying foot.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The first report of theropod trackways from the Nemegt Formation in Bügiin Tsav, Mongolia </LI> <LI> Taphonomic interpretation of a <I>Gallimimus</I> foot skeleton associated with theropod tracks </LI> <LI> An interpretation of disarticulation and distortion of the foot skeleton is proposed. </LI> </UL> </P>
Paulina-Carabajal, Ariana,Lee, Yuong-Nam,Kobayashi, Yoshitsugu,Lee, Hang-Jae,Currie, Philip J. Elsevier 2018 Palaeogeography, palaeoclimatology, palaeoecology Vol.494 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Ankylosaur braincase and endocranial morphologies are poorly known. Furthermore, cranial endocasts have been described for fewer than ten taxa so far. The complete inner ear morphology is known for only three species – <I>Euoplocephalus tutus</I>, <I>Kunbarrasaurus ieversi</I>, and <I>Pawpawsaurus campbelli</I>. Here, the first cranial endocast morphologies are presented for the Mongolian Cretaceous ankylosaurids <I>Talarurus plicatospineus</I> and <I>Tarchia teresae</I>. The study of paleoneurological features of these Mongolian taxa adds novel anatomical information to both species allowing the first comparison with ankylosaurids from North America. The development of a cerebellar flocculus that leaves an impression on the vestibular eminence – floccular recess – is observed in <I>Euoplocephalus</I>, <I>Talarurus</I> and <I>T</I>. <I>teresae</I>. Because this structure hasn't been identified in any nodosaurid so far, its presence in ankylosaurid cranial endocasts may represent a possible synapomorphy with unknown paleobiological implications.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Ankylosaur neuroanatomy is poorly known. </LI> <LI> The cranial endocasts of Talarurus and Tarchia are described by the first time. </LI> <LI> The presence of flocculus seems to be characteristic of the Ankylosauridae. </LI> <LI> Nodosaurids and ankylosaurids had different sense of hearing. </LI> </UL> </P>