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Rana Naveed Ur Rehman,Yaohua You,Chengquan Yang,Abdul Rehman Khan,Pengmin Li,Fengwang Ma 한국원예학회 2017 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.58 No.4
The red coloration of young crabapple (Malus orientalis) flowers results from their high cellular concentrationof anthocyanins. As the petals grow larger, the color fades, which is commonly regarded as being caused by floraltissue expansion diluting the anthocyanin levels in larger cells. We hypothesized that the anthocyanins are degradeddue to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and that the concentrations of each phenolic intermediate depends on the physiologicalgrowth of flower petals. A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis was performed to characterizethe identities and concentrations of the diverse array of phenolics present during different growth stages in the crabappleflowers. The concentrations of gallic acid, caffeic acid, syringic acid, chlorogenic acid, phloridzin, procyanidin B1,procyanidin B2, and catechin significantly increased throughout development, while epicatechin and cyanidin-3-galactosidelevels declined. Most flavonols (quercetin-3-xyloside, quercetin-3-rhaminose, quercetin-3-glucoside, and quercetin-3-arabinoside)increased until the fourth stage, after which they declined suddenly. Likewise, cyanidin-3-galactoside degraded sharplyat stage III, exhibiting reciprocal relationship with H2O2 concentration. Our results suggest that the concentrations ofphenolic compounds are congruent with their functional activities in floral tissues, and that their systematicfluctuation mainly depends on environmental cues and physiological imbalances, not merely petal expansion. Theresults of this study will be useful for better understanding the physiological changes in phenolic content andanthocyanin degradation that occur during flower development.
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Xianan Dong,Liangliang Kong,Lei Huang,Yong Su,Xuewang Li,Liu Yang,Pengmin Ji,Weiping Li,Weizu Li The Korean Society of Ginseng 2023 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.47 No.3
Background: As a complication of Type II Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), the etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of cognitive dysfunction are still undefined. Recent studies demonstrated that Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) has promising neuroprotective properties, but the effect and mechanism in diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction (DACD) deserve further investigation. Methods: After establishing the T2DM model with a high-fat diet and STZ intraperitoneal injection, Rg1 was given for 8 weeks. The behavior alterations and neuronal lesions were judged using the open field test (OFT) and Morris water maze (MWM), as well as HE and Nissl staining. The protein or mRNA changes of NOX2, p-PLC, TRPC6, CN, NFAT1, APP, BACE1, NCSTN, and Ab1-42 were investigated by immunoblot, immunofluorescence or qPCR. Commercial kits were used to evaluate the levels of IP3, DAG, and calcium ion (Ca<sup>2+</sup>) in brain tissues. Results: Rg1 therapy improved memory impairment and neuronal injury, decreased ROS, IP3, and DAG levels to revert Ca<sup>2+</sup> overload, downregulated the expressions of p-PLC, TRPC6, CN, and NFAT1 nuclear translocation, and alleviated Aβ deposition in T2DM mice. In addition, Rg1 therapy elevated the expression of PSD95 and SYN in T2DM mice, which in turn improved synaptic dysfunction. Conclusions: Rg1 therapy may improve neuronal injury and DACD via mediating PLC-CN-NFAT1 signal pathway to reduce Aβ generation in T2DM mice.
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Specific Mutations in APC, with Prognostic Implications in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer
Huan Peng,Jun Ying,Jia Zang,Hao Lu,Xiaokai Zhao,Pengmin Yang,Xintao Wang,Jieyi Li,Ziying Gong,Daoyun Zhang,Zhiguo Wang 대한암학회 2023 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.55 No.4
Purpose Loss-of-function mutations in the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene are common in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). However, the characteristic of APC specific mutations in mCRC is poorly understood. Here, we explored the clinical and molecular characteristics of N-terminal and C-terminal side APC mutations in Chinese patients with mCRC. Materials and Methods Hybrid capture-based next-generation sequencing was performed on tumor tissues from 275 mCRC pati-ents to detect mutations in 639 tumor-associated genes. The prognostic value and gene-pathway difference between APC specific mutations in mCRC patients were analyzed. Results APC mutations were highly clustered, accounting for 73% of all mCRC patients, and most of them were truncating mutations. The tumor mutation burden of the N-terminal side APC mutations group (n=76) was significantly lower than that of the C-terminal side group (n=123) (p < 0.001), further confirmed by the public database. Survival analysis showed that mCRC patients with N-terminus side APC mutations had longer overall survival than C-terminus side. Tumor gene pathway analysis showed that gene mutations in the RTK/RAS, Wnt and transforming growth factor β signaling pathways of the C-terminal group were significantly higher than those of the N-terminal group (p < 0.05). Additionally, KRAS, AMER1, TGFBR2, and ARID1A driver mutations were more common in patients with C-terminal side APC mutations. Conclusion APC specific mutations have potential function as mCRC prognostic biomarkers. There are obvious differences in the gene mutation patterns between the C-terminus and N-terminus APC mutations group, which may have certain guiding significance for the subsequent precise treatment of mCRC.
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