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Park Dong-Geun,Ha Eun-Su,Kang Byungcheol,Choi Iseul,Kwak Jeong-Eun,Choi Jinho,Park Jeongwoong,이우정,Kim Seung Hwan,Kim Soon Han,이주훈 한국미생물·생명공학회 2023 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.33 No.1
These days, bacterial detection methods have some limitations in sensitivity, specificity, and multiple detection. To overcome these, novel detection and identification method is necessary to be developed. Recently, NGS panel method has been suggested to screen, detect, and even identify specific foodborne pathogens in one reaction. In this study, new NGS panel primer sets were developed to target 13 specific virulence factor genes from five types of pathogenic Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, respectively. Evaluation of the primer sets using singleplex PCR, crosscheck PCR and multiplex PCR revealed high specificity and selectivity without interference of primers or genomic DNAs. Subsequent NGS panel analysis with six artificially contaminated food samples using those primer sets showed that all target genes were multi-detected in one reaction at 108 -105 CFU of target strains. However, a few false-positive results were shown at 106 -105 CFU. To validate this NGS panel analysis, three sets of qPCR analyses were independently performed with the same contaminated food samples, showing the similar specificity and selectivity for detection and identification. While this NGS panel still has some issues for detection and identification of specific foodborne pathogens, it has much more advantages, especially multiple detection and identification in one reaction, and it could be improved by further optimized NGS panel primer sets and even by application of a new real-time NGS sequencing technology. Therefore, this study suggests the efficiency and usability of NGS panel for rapid determination of origin strain in various foodborne outbreaks in one reaction.
코로나19(COVID-19)의 초국가적 전파와 세계 항공 네트워크의 변화 간 연관성에 대한 시론적 연구 : 연결 중심성을 이용한 항공 네트워크의 전역적·지역적 변화 탐색
박용하(Yongha Park),손정웅(Jeongwoong Sohn) 한국공간환경학회 2020 공간과 사회 Vol.30 No.3
코로나19 팬데믹의 영향으로 인한 세계 항공시장의 침체가 지속되고 있다. 본 연구는 코로나19 확산에 따른 항공시장의 변화를 이해하기 위한 시론적 연구로서, 2020년 상반기 동안국가별 코로나19의 확산 양상과 동 기간 세계 항공 네트워크의 전역적·지역적 축소 양상을분석하고, 나아가 이 두 시공간 패턴 간 연관성을 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 ① K-평균 군집 분석을 이용하여 확진자 증가 추세가 유사한 국가들의 지역적 분포를 누적 확진자 규모와그 규모에 도달한 시기에 따라 단계적으로 살폈다. ② 네트워크 분석의 연결 중심성 지표 등을 이용하여 항공 네트워크의 시기별·지역별 차별적인 변화 추이를 분석하였다. ③ 마지막으로 군집 분석을 통해 도출된 확산 양상이 유사한 국가 군집 간 항공 네트워크의 연결 중심성감소 추이에 대한 비교 분석을 통해 두 시공간 패턴 사이의 연관성을 살폈다. 분석 결과, 지난상반기 동안 세계 항공 네트워크는 중·대형 허브들을 중심으로 연결성이 급속히 감소함에 따라 네트워크의 범위와 밀도가 축소되었음을 확인하였다. 또한, 지역 또는 국가 간 연결성의감소 시기와 정도에는 편차가 존재하고 있었다. According to the COVID-19 pandemic, global aviation market is becoming stagnant. This study is an early assessment to understand crucial impact of the disease propagation on the aviation market through analyzing degree centrality changes of airports in the World Air transport Network(WAN), in comparison to spreading patterns of the disease. We employ K-means clustering to figure out spatio-temporal phases of the disease spread across countries in the world. Then, we apply degree centrality measure of the network analysis to OAG airlines schedules data, in order to capture the temporal changes of degree centrality distribution. Finally, we examine differential patterns of degree centrality distributions across countries grouped by the spatio-temporal phases of disease spread patterns. As a result, we find that density and size of the WAN have rapidly decreased from January to June in 2020, mainly affected by decreasing connectivity of medium- and large-hubs. Furthermore, the decreasing connectivity patterns appear differentially among regions and countries, with respect to their fluctuating periods and levels.