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Phosphate removal from water using an iron oxide impregnated strong base anion exchange resin
T. Nur,S Vigneswaran,M.A.H. Johir,P. Loganathan,T. Nguyen,J. Kandasamy 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.4
Removing phosphate from water is important as it causes eutrophication, which in turn has a harmful effect on aquatic life, resulting in a reduction in biodiversity. On the other hand, recovery of phosphate from phosphorus containing wastewater is essential for developing an alternative source of phosphorus to overcome the global challenge of phosphorus scarcity. Phosphate removal from aqueous solutions was studied using an iron oxide impregnated strong base anion exchange resin, Purolite FerrIX A33E in batch and fixed-bed column experiments. Phosphate adsorption in the batch study satisfactorily fitted to the Langmuir isotherm with a maximum adsorption capacity of 48 mg P/g. In the column study, increase in inlet phosphate concentration (5–30 mg P/L), and filtration velocity (2.5–10 m/h) resulted in faster breakthrough times and increase in breakthrough adsorption capacities. Increase in bed height (3–19 cm) also increased adsorption capacity but the breakthrough time was slower. The breakthrough data were reasonably well described using the empirical models of Bohart–Adams, Thomas, and Yoon–Nelson, except for high bed heights. Phosphate adsorbed was effectively desorbed using 1 M NaOH and the adsorbent was regenerated after each of three adsorption/desorption cycles by maintaining the adsorption capacity at >90% of the original value. Greater than 99.5% of the desorbed P was recovered by precipitation using CaCl2.
P. LOGANATHAN,P. NIRMAL CHAND,P. GANESAN 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2013 NANO Vol.8 No.1
An exact analysis is carried out to study the radiation effects on an unsteady natural convective flow of a nanofluid past an impulsively started infinite vertical plate. The nanofluids containing nanoparticles of aluminium oxide, copper, titanium oxide and silver with nanoparticle volume fraction range less than or equal to 0.04 are considered. The partial differential equations governing the flow are solved by Laplace transform technique. The influence of various parameters on velocity and temperature profiles, as well as Nusselt number and skin-friction coefficient, are examined and presented graphically. An increase in radiation parameter and time leads to fall in temperature of the fluid. The presence of nanoparticles and thermal radiation increases the rate of heat transfer and skin friction. The effect of heat transfer is found to be more pronounced in silver water nanofluid than in the other nanofluids. It is observed that the fluid velocity increases with an increase in Grashof number and time. Excellent validation of the present results is achieved with existing results in the literature.
Analysis of pile-up/sink-in during spherical indentation for various strain hardening levels
S. Shankar,P. Loganathan,A. Johnney Mertens 국제구조공학회 2015 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.53 No.3
The measurement from the indentation process depends on the amount of pile-up or sink-inaround the contact impressions. In this paper, finite element concept is utilized to study the pile-up and sinkin behaviour for the wide range of materials with different young‟s modulus, yield stresses, strain-hardening exponents and co-efficient of friction values. The exact indentation model is created by using the two dimensional axisymmetrical model for simulating the spherical indentation process on the lines of Taljat and Pharr (2004) work. The result shows that during spherical indentation process the amount of pile-up isgreatly influenced by the strain hardening exponents in addition to other material properties and depth of penetration. The numerical results from the finite element analysis are also validated using the exact multilinear material properties obtained from the tensile testing for the materials like mild steel, brass and aluminium.
Analysis of pile-up/sink-in during spherical indentation for various strain hardening levels
Shankar, S.,Loganathan, P.,Mertens, A. Johnney Techno-Press 2015 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.53 No.3
The measurement from the indentation process depends on the amount of pile-up or sink-in around the contact impressions. In this paper, finite element concept is utilized to study the pile-up and sink-in behaviour for the wide range of materials with different young's modulus, yield stresses, strain-hardening exponents and coefficient of friction values. The exact indentation model is created by using the two dimensional axisymmetrical model for simulating the spherical indentation process on the lines of Taljat and Pharr (2004) work. The result shows that during spherical indentation process the amount of pile-up is greatly influenced by the strain hardening exponents in addition to other material properties and depth of penetration. The numerical results from the finite element analysis are also validated using the exact multilinear material properties obtained from the tensile testing for the materials like mild steel, brass and aluminium.
Studies on High Temperature Wear and Friction Behaviour of AA6061/B4C/hBN Hybrid Composites
S. Ayyanar,A. Gnanavelbabu,K. Rajkumar,P. Loganathan 대한금속·재료학회 2021 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.27 No.8
This present work deals with the use of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) as a solid lubricant for AA6061/B4C composite due toits special features of self-lubricating property, thermal and chemical stability. The wear behaviour of composites at elevatedtemperature test, varied from 27 to 300 °C, was performed for AA6061 alloy with boron carbide (B4C) 5–15 wt% and h-BN5–15 wt% reinforced hybrid composites under a load of 10 and 45 N at constant sliding velocity and sliding distance of2.2 m/s and 2500 m. The prepared composites were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy withenergy dispersive X-ray analysis. The mechanical properties of hybrid composites were evaluated using tensile testing andhardness. The microstructural results revealed a homogenous distribution of reinforcement particles and grain refinement inthe composites up to 10 wt% of h-BN. The tensile test results showed a significant improvement in the tensile strength up to82% attained for the 15% B4Cand 5% h-BN hybrid composite compared to AA6061 matrix alloy. The wear behaviour anddifferent wear mechanisms under various testing conditions were explored. The mild-severe wear transition is noticed withincreasing load and temperature for AA6061. The wear properties of a hybrid composite of C10N10exhibited superior wearresistance due to the complete lubrication effect on the entire worn surface. The predominant wear of abrasive and adhesionoccurred at room and elevated temperatures and low load conditions. Oxidative wear, plastic deformation, and delaminationwear were operating with an increase in load and temperature.
R. Thankappan,T.V. Nguyen,S.V. Srinivasan,S Vigneswaran,J. Kandasamy,P. Loganathan 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.21 No.1
The optimum conditions for the removal of leather tanning agent syntan from aqueous solution byFenton oxidation at 22 8C for an initial syntan concentration of 500 mg/L were pH 3, and concentrationsof H2O2 and FeSO4 of 300 mg/L and 500 mg/L, respectively. Fenton oxidation followed by granularactivated carbon (GAC) adsorption in fixed-bed column resulted in more than 95% removal of dissolvedorganic carbon, compared to 55–70% removal by Fenton oxidation alone and GAC adsorption alone. Theremoval of individual organic fractions was also higher for the combined treatment compared to theFenton oxidation alone.