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太田 秀春 서울대학교 국사학과 2003 韓國史論 Vol.49 No.-
During the Meiji Reformation, Japan abolished their old traditions radically on the pretext of enlightening their people. However, some elite groups argued that the old fortress castles should be preserved, and thus, the fortress castles whose original functions had been deprived of were reorganized into the historic remains to symbolize the new nation of Japan. Such fortress castles were arranged into parks in the process of urbanization to be designated as national cultural assets, in an attempt to create recreational spaces for people and awaken the people of 'superiority of the Japanese people'. During that period, fortress castles had yet to be designated as cultural assets in Chosun. When Daewongun(大院君) was ruling the nation, many village fortresses and mountain fortresses were maintained, while some new fortress castles were built. However, such fortresses were not historic remains but military facilities. Emperor Gojong(高宗) instructed his subjects to reconstruct or modernize the capital, while maintaining the fortress castles and refusing the Japanese people's requests to demolish the fortress castles. Anyway, Japan implemented their policies regarding the fortress castles in Korea, which were different from the policies for their domestic fortress castles; their policies were preservation of their old fortress castles. Japan's fortress castle polices in Korea started just after they became a protectorate of Korea. At first, they regarded the fortress castles as 'anti- Japanese' symbols and attempted to destroy the fortresses castles, particularly those in Seoul in order to suppress Korean people's resistance to their rule. Specifically, they regarded such royal palaces as 'king's fortress castles' or 'emperor's fortress castles' and began to demolish such places as Kyongbok Place(景福宮). Merely, they thought Namdaemun-Gate(南大門, Sungryemun) as the gates through which the Japanese army had passed during their invasion in 1592, and thereby, preserved them to be used to legitimize their rule of Korea.
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Pre-Emptive Tramadol Could Reduce Pain after Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy
Nataša Denčić,Ana Mimić,Jelena Jovičić,Jelena Mirković,Otaš Durutović,Dragica Milenković-Petronić,Nebojša Lađević 연세대학교의과대학 2014 Yonsei medical journal Vol.55 No.5
Purpose: Optimal analgesia in ambulatory urology patients still remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to examine if the pre-emptive use of intravenous tramadol can reduce pain after ureteroscopic lithotripsy in patients diagnosed with unilateral ureteral stones. Materials and Methods: This prospective pilot cohort study included 74 patients diagnosed with unilateral ureteral stones who underwentureteroscopic lithotripsy under general anesthesia in the Urology Clinic at the Clinical Center of Serbia from March to June 2012. All patients were randomly allocatedto two groups: one group (38 patients) received intravenous infusion of tramadol 100 mg in 500 mL 0.9%NaCl one hour before the procedure, while the other group (36 patients) received 500 mL 0.9%NaCl at the same time. Visual analoguescale (VAS) scores were recorded once prior to surgery and two times after the surgery (1 h and 6 h, respectively). The patients were prescribed additional postoperative analgesia (diclofenac 75 mg i.m.) when required. Pre-emptive effectsof tramadol were assessed measuring pain scores, VAS1 and VAS2, intraoperativefentanyl consumption, and postoperative analgesic requirement. Results: The average VAS1 score in the tramadol group was significantly lower than that in the non-tramadol group. The difference in average VAS2 score values between the two groups was not statistically significant; however, there were more patients who experienced severe pain in the non-tramadol group (p<0.01). The number of patients that required postoperative analgesia was not statistically different betweenthe groups. Conclusion: Pre-emptive tramadol did reduce early postoperativepain. The patients who received pre-emptive tramadol were less likely to experiencesevere post-operative pain. Purpose: Optimal analgesia in ambulatory urology patients still remains a challenge. The aim of this study was to examine if the pre-emptive use of intravenous tramadol can reduce pain after ureteroscopic lithotripsy in patients diagnosed with unilateral ureteral stones. Materials and Methods: This prospective pilot cohort study included 74 patients diagnosed with unilateral ureteral stones who underwentureteroscopic lithotripsy under general anesthesia in the Urology Clinic at the Clinical Center of Serbia from March to June 2012. All patients were randomly allocatedto two groups: one group (38 patients) received intravenous infusion of tramadol 100 mg in 500 mL 0.9%NaCl one hour before the procedure, while the other group (36 patients) received 500 mL 0.9%NaCl at the same time. Visual analoguescale (VAS) scores were recorded once prior to surgery and two times after the surgery (1 h and 6 h, respectively). The patients were prescribed additional postoperative analgesia (diclofenac 75 mg i.m.) when required. Pre-emptive effectsof tramadol were assessed measuring pain scores, VAS1 and VAS2, intraoperativefentanyl consumption, and postoperative analgesic requirement. Results: The average VAS1 score in the tramadol group was significantly lower than that in the non-tramadol group. The difference in average VAS2 score values between the two groups was not statistically significant; however, there were more patients who experienced severe pain in the non-tramadol group (p<0.01). The number of patients that required postoperative analgesia was not statistically different betweenthe groups. Conclusion: Pre-emptive tramadol did reduce early postoperativepain. The patients who received pre-emptive tramadol were less likely to experiencesevere post-operative pain.
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Ota, Miho,Ogura, Jun,Ogawa, Shintaro,Kato, Koichi,Matsuda, Hiroshi,Kunugi, Hiroshi 대한핵의학회 2018 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.52 No.3
Purpose Intracranial administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is known to elicit a rapid innate immune response, activate glial cells in the brain, and induce depression-like behavior. However, no study has focused on the changes in glial cells induced by intraperitoneal injection of LPS in vivo. Methods Ten adult male Fischer F344 rats underwent [$^{11}C$]PK11195 PET before and 2 days after intraperitoneal injection of LPS to evaluate the changes in glial cells. The difference in standardized uptake values (SUV) of [$^{11}C$]PK11195 between before and after injection was determined. Results There was a cluster of brain regions that showed significant reductions in SUV. This cluster included the bilateral striata and bilateral frontal regions, especially the somatosensory areas. Conclusions Changes in activity of glial cells induced by the intraperitoneal injection of LPS were detected in vivo by [$^{11}C$]PK11195 PET. Intraperitoneal injection of LPS is known to induce depression, and further studies with [$^{11}C$]PK11195 PET would clarify the relationships between neuroinflammation and depression.
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Ota, Yutaka,Taniguchi, Haruhito,Nakajima, Tatsuhito,Liyanage, Kithsiri M.,Shimizu, Koichiro,Masuta, Taisuke,Baba, Jumpei,Yokoyama, Akihiko The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2011 The Journal of International Council on Electrical Vol.1 No.2
This paper propose an autonomous distributed vehicle-to-grid control scheme of grid-connected (plug-in hybrid) electric vehicle. Grid-friendly charge and discharge maintaining user convenience for plug-out and battery state-of-charge is realized based on frequency measurement at the plug-in terminal. Implementing proposed scheme to automotive power electronics circuit, (plug-in hybrid) electric vehicle works as a smart storage which is an alternative to stationary battery. The smart storage is expected to be a spinning reserve because of its high-speed response without information exchange to a central load dispatch center. An effect of the autonomous distributed vehicle-to-grid and cooperation with centralized speed governor control and load frequency control of conventional thermal power generator is evaluated.
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Photochemically induced increase in endothelial permeablity regulated by RhoA activation
Ota, Hiroki,Matsumura, Mimiko,Miki, Norihisa,Minamitami, Haruyuki Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.10
Photochemical reactions used in photodynamic therapy are reported to damage normal cells and tissues in ways that increase endothelial permeability and thereby cause excessive neointimal formation and subsequent restenosis. To investigate the mechanisms of this permeability increase in vitro, human umbilical vein endothelial cells were incubated with the porphyrin precursor $\delta$-aminolevulinic acid and then irradiated with a 646 nm light-emitting diode (LED). Results using Transwells${(R)}$ supports showe that the photochemical reaction increased endothelial permeability by 200%, and fluorescence microscopy revealed that destruction of the capillary-like structures due to cell shrinkage was accompanied by VE-cadherin mislocalization and stress fiber formation. The generated gaps between cells were observed using dyed ${\beta}1$-integrin and total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy. Western blotting indicated that the photochemical reaction phosphorylated GDP-RhoA to GTP-RhoA, a protein that promotes stress fiber formation and inhibits VE-cadherin production.When forskolin/rolipram or 8CPT-2'O-Me-cAMP, both of which inhibit further reaction of phosphorylated RhoA, were added, no formation of stress fibers or mislocalization of VE-cadherin was observed, thus preventing an increase in endothelial permeability. Taken together, photochemically induced RhoA activation appears to play a key role in increasing endothelial permeability during changes in morphology of endothelial cells.
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Recent Advancement in Renal Replacement Therapy
Ota, Kazuo The Korea Society of Medical and Biological Engine 1984 의공학회지 Vol.5 No.2
A new approach to texture classification for quantitative ultrasound liver diagnosis using run difference matrix was developed. The run difference matrix comprised the gray level difference along with a distances. From this run difference matrix, we defined several vectors and parameters such as DOD, DGD, DAD vector, SHP, SMO, SMG, LDE, LDEL etc.Each parameter values calculated in fatty, cirrhotic, normal and chronic hepatitic liver images were plotted in a plane and we found that RDM method was more sensitive to small structural changes than the conventional run length method and showed improved classification ability between the diseases.
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