Transcriptome dynamics in benzo[a]pyrene exposed Hydra

Lee Nayun,Woo Seonock,Lee Nayoung,Jo Yejin,Yamindago Ade,Yum Seungshic 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2022 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.18 No.3

Backgrounds Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a well-known ecotoxicant that induces a wide spectrum of toxic effects in organisms, including carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, genotoxicity, and immunotoxicity. Thus, re-evaluation of its acute toxic effects in gene expression at sublethal concentration in experimental animal is essential to understand and/or predict metabolic and physiological changes in an organism after exposure. Objectives To understand the changes in acute toxicity by exposure time, differential gene expression profiling of Hydra magnipapillata was performed by DNA microarray after exposure to BaP. Results The median lethal concentrations of the animals (LC 50 ) were determined to be 78.5, 53.6, and 28.9 mg/L after exposure to BaP for 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. Morphological responses of hydra polyps to 50 mg/L of BaP by exposure time were observed. The gene expression levels of molecular chaperones, antioxidative enzymes were altered at the early phase of the exposure. Transcription of the genes related to development and differentiation; apoptosis and necrosis were affected by the 4 h BaP exposure group. After 12 h exposure, developmental processes, immune responses, and ion transport in hydra polyp seemed to be affected, since the transcriptions of the genes that related to those biological processes were induced or repressed by BaP exposure. Neurotransmission might be suppressed, but tumorigenesis and carcinogenesis, the DNA repair process might be induced in the 24 h BaP-exposed hydra group. Finally, tumorigenesis and carcinogenesis, and the DNA repair process seemed to be induced after 48 h exposure. Conclusion We successfully demonstrated the dynamic response of Hydra to BaP by exposure time at transcription level. The results could extend our knowledge on acute toxic effect of BaP at sublethal conditions.

영화 속 학대 피해 아동의 생활환경에 관한 질적 내용분석: 생태체계 관점을 적용하여

이나윤(Nayun Lee),정수경(Sukyoung Chung),김서현(Seohyun Kim) 강원대학교 사회과학연구원 2024 사회과학연구 Vol.63 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 아동학대 예방과 해결을 위해 생태체계 관점을 적용하여 영화 속 학대 피해 아동을 둘러싼 생활환경의 맥락을 탐구하는 것이다. 연구주제를 심층적으로 논하고자 조건에 부합하는 아동학대 관련 영화를 체계적 절차에 따라 수집하였고, 이에 대해 Krippendorff(2018)의 질적 내용분석을 활용해 탐구했다. 연구대상은 두 편의 실화 바탕 한국영화 〈미쓰백(2018)〉, 〈어린 의뢰인(2019)〉이다. 세부 결과를 요약하면, 우선 미시체계에서 학대 피해 아동은 위급한 상황이었지만 도움의 손길이 닿지 않은 고립된 가정에서 생활하였다. 중간체계에서는 아동학대의 낌새를 느낄 수 있는 주변인들이 존재했음에도 네트워크 내 상호교류 부족 및 학대문제 인식 미흡이 심각한 상태였음이 확인되었다. 또한, 외체계에서 학대 피해 아동이 유일하게 의지할 수 있는 곳은 아동보호전문기관처럼 전문가집단이었고, 거시체계에서는 사회구성원들이 학대 문제에 무관심하거나 남의 일로 인식하고 있음이 밝혀졌다. 그리고 시간체계에서는 점차 학대 피해 아동에 대한 주변 사람들의 관심이 확산해 아동보호의 가능성이 확대되는 시간적 맥락이 발견되었다. 끝으로, 생태체계 관점을 적용하여 아동학대 피해 예방 및 삶의 질 증진을 위한 생활환경 개선 방안 등을 제언하였다. This study purpose to explore the context of the living environment surrounding child abuse victims in movies by applying an ecological system perspective for the prevention and resolution of child abuse. Films related to child abuse that meet the criteria for in-depth discussion were systematically collected, and Krippendorffs (2018) qualitative content analysis was utilized for exploration. The subjects of the study are two based-on-true-story Korean films, 〈Miss Baek (2018)〉 and 〈My First client (2019)〉. Summarizing the detailed results, firstly, at the microsystem level, abused children lived in isolated homes where they were in urgent need, but help did not reach them. In the mesosystem, even though there were individuals in the network who could sense signs of child abuse, there was a serious lack of mutual exchange within the network, and insufficient awareness of the abuse problem. Furthermore, at the exosystem level, the only place the abused child could rely on was a professional group such as child protection agencies, and at the macrosystem level, it was revealed that members of society were indifferent to or perceived child abuse issues as someone elses problem. Additionally, in the chronosystem, a temporal context was discovered where the attention of people around abused children gradually spread, leading to an expanding possibility of child protection. Finally, applying an ecological system perspective, suggestions were made for improving living environments for the prevention of child abuse and the enhancement of the quality of life.

DMZ Docs and Contextual Environments

Nayun Kim,Sangheon Kim,Jae Yeong Lee 보안공학연구지원센터 2013 International Journal of Multimedia and Ubiquitous Vol.8 No.5

한영 부호 전환이 가능한 다국어 음성 합성 연구

서나윤(Nayun Seo),김동영(Dongyoung Kim),이송원(Songwon Lee),김재은(Jaieun Kim) 한국정보과학회 2023 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2023 No.6

초기 임베딩 생성에 따른 GraphGAN의 성능 분석

서나윤(Nayun Seo),이연창(Yeon-Chang Lee),김상욱(Sang-Wook Kim) 한국정보과학회 2018 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2018 No.12

환경성·경제성 동시 개선을 위한 녹색제품 개발 사례 : 패키지를 대상으로

이윤희(Lee Yun-hee),나윤수(NaYun-su) 한국디자인학회 2012 한국디자인학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.5

대학에서의 영어 말하기 오류수정 피드백과 학습자 반응

김나연(Kim, Nayun),이은주(Lee, Eun-Joo) 한국영어어문교육학회 2009 영어어문교육 Vol.15 No.4

The present study explores patterns of teachers' corrective feedback and learners' uptake in Korean EFL undergraduate classroom setting It also examines consistencies and discrepancies in the perception of corrective feedback by teachers and learners Teachers' and learners' preferences and perception of corrective feedback are further analyzed to determine whether or not those differ from actual practices on English language learning classrooms The results of the study are as follows First of all, teachers' corrective feedback type varied according to the learners' error type and English proficiency level There was a lack of consistency between the teachers' feedback practices and the learners' error types Second, for the phonological errors, leaners' data witnessed the most frequent uptake on recast For the other error types, however, the learners' uptake rates were high for the explicit corrective feedback Third, the teachers' explicit knowledge of corrective feedback was rather low and the preferences differed from teacher to teacher The teachers' feedback perception and preferences did not consistently reflect their actual practices Finally, patterns of the learners' expectations of corrective feedback varied according to learners' proficiency level Teacher' and learners' expectations of corrective feedback were also compared and some mismatches were detected

Acute toxic effects of zinc oxide nanoparticles on <i>Hydra magnipapillata</i>

Yamindago, Ade,Lee, Nayun,Woo, Seonock,Choi, Hyosun,Mun, Ji Young,Jang, Seok-Won,Yang, Sung Ik,Anton-Erxleben, Friederike,Bosch, Thomas C.G.,Yum, Seungshic Elsevier 2018 Aquatic toxicology Vol.205 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are increasingly used in various products as coating and additive materials for household goods, personal-care products, and drug delivery systems. Because of their broad applications, the potential risks to nontarget organisms associated with their input into aquatic environments have generated much concern. We investigated the acute toxicity, morphological responses, and potential impact on physiology and metabolism in polyps exposed to spherical ZnO NPs of either 20 nm (ZnO NP<SUB>20</SUB>) or 100 nm (ZnO NP<SUB>100</SUB>). The median lethal concentrations (LC<SUB>50</SUB>) of ZnO NP<SUB>20</SUB> were 55.3, 8.7, and 7.0 μg/mL after exposure for 48, 72, and 96 h, respectively; and those of ZnO NP<SUB>100</SUB> were 262.0, 14.9, and 9.9 μg/mL, respectively. The morphological responses of the hydra polyps to a range of ZnO NP concentrations suggest that ZnO NPs may negatively affect neurotransmission in <I>Hydra</I>. ZnO NPs may also induce abnormal regeneration in the polyps by affecting the expression of several genes related to the Wnt signaling pathway. The presence of ZnO NP<SUB>20</SUB> in the hydra tissue was confirmed with electron microscopy. A Gene Ontology analysis of the genes differentially expressed in hydra polyps after exposure to ZnO NP<SUB>20</SUB> for 12 or 24 h revealed changes in various processes, including cellular and metabolic process, stress response, developmental process, and signaling. A KEGG pathway analysis of hydra polyps after exposure of ZnO NP<SUB>20</SUB> or ZnO NP<SUB>100</SUB> for 12 or 24 h demonstrated various changes, including in the DNA replication and repair, endocytosis, lysosomes, Wnt signaling, and natural killer-cell-mediated cytotoxicity pathways, suggesting the mechanisms that maintain cellular homeostasis in response to ZnO NPs. Progesterone-mediated oocyte maturation was also affected by the ZnO NPs nanoparticles, suggesting that they are potential endocrine disruptors. This study should increase our concern regarding the dispersal of ZnO NPs in aquatic environments.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Toxicity of the Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) is influenced by the size of the particles and the period of exposure. </LI> <LI> ZnO NPs induce changes in the morphology and abnormal regeneration in <I>H. magnipapillata.</I> </LI> <LI> ZnO NPs penetrated and accumulated in the cells of <I>H. magnipapillata.</I> </LI> <LI> ZnO NPs induce cytotoxic and genotoxic responses. </LI> </UL> </P>

Characterization and Distribution of Clay Minerals in Corn Field Soils in Korea

Jeonghun Jang,Nayun Park,Donghoon Lee,Seyeong Choi,Junhong Park,Man Park 한국토양비료학회 2016 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.49 No.6

Distribution of clay minerals separated from clay fraction of corn fields in Korea has been investigated along with their characterization. Crystalline phases of the clay minerals were identified by powder X-ray diffraction(XRD) pattern, and their relative chemical compositions were analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectrometry(XRF). The soils were found to have pH 6.4, organic matter 37.2 g kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, available P₂O5 599 mg kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively, and exchangeable K, Ca and Mg were 1.2, 7.3 and 1.8 cmolc kg<SUP>-1</SUP>, respectively. Major primary minerals consisted mainly of quartz and mica, and kaolinite and chlorite were identified as major secondary clay minerals. For most of soils, mica phase was identified to be muscovite rather than biotite. The average contents of SiO₂, Al₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃ were 43.7, 23.6 and 8.8%, respectively, although they were different with the locations.

Impact of zinc oxide nanoparticles on the bacterial community of Hydra magnipapillata

Ade Yamindago,Nayun Lee,Seonock Woo,Seungshic Yum 대한독성 유전단백체 학회 2020 Molecular & cellular toxicology Vol.16 No.1

Backgrounds Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are extensively used for various products. In this study, the effects of ZnO NPs exposure in diversity and community composition of the bacteria associated with H. magnipapillata were investigated. This study provides insight into possible impacts of ZnO NPs on aquatic organisms. Methods 454-pyrosequencing analysis of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was applied to H. magnipapillata after exposure to 10 mg/L ZnO NPs (Ø 20 nm). Results Acute exposure to ZnO NPs changed the diversity and compositions of the associated bacteria. The composition of Curvibacter decreased, but Flectobacillus and Delftia increased; these two genera are known to have beneficial functions. Conclusion The changes in diversity and composition of the associated bacteria may indicate the possible mechanisms by which the associated bacteria maintain their mutual interactions and support the health of their host after exposure to ZnO NPs.