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Testosterone levels and cause-specific mortality in the older French men without metabolic syndrome
Nasser Laouali,Sylvie Brailly-Tabard,Catherine Helmer,Marie-Laure Ancelin,Christophe Tzourio,Alexis Elbaz,Anne Guiochon-Mantel,Marianne Canonico 한국역학회 2020 Epidemiology and Health Vol.42 No.-
OBJECTIVES: Previous studies have reported controversial findings regarding the association of testosterone with mortality in older men. This heterogeneity might be partially explained by comorbidities and the presence of metabolic syndrome, as well as differential associations according to causes of death. METHODS: We used data from a random subsample of the Three-City study, in which hormone levels were measured in 338 men ≥65 years without metabolic syndrome who were followed-up for 12 years. Vital status was determined for all participants from different sources. We used inverse-probability-weighted Cox regression to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) of cause-specific mortality and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS: Over the follow-up period, 130 men died (30 from cardiovascular disease, 45 from cancer, 55 from other causes). The association of testosterone with mortality showed significant heterogeneity across causes of death (p=0.027 and p=0.022 for total and bioavailable testosterone, respectively). Higher testosterone levels were associated with increased cardiovascular mortality (HR for 1-standard deviation increase, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.28 to 2.71 and 1.50; 95% CI, 1.04 to 2.17 for total and bioavailable testosterone, respectively). By contrast, there were no significant associations of testosterone with mortality from cancer and other causes. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that the association of testosterone with mortality in men without metabolic syndrome might be differential according to the cause of death. These findings may partially explain the heterogeneity across studies on the relationship between testosterone levels and mortality.
Nasser Khodaparast (사) 이준국제법연구원 2022 Journal of East Asia and International Law Vol.15 No.1
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) means transnational corporations (TNCs) are responsible for not only the interests of their shareholders, but also the interests and welfare of the local community of the area in which they operate. Therefore, TNCs have to furnish the local community beneficial and social services voluntarily and free of charge to help the local community achieve sustainable development. A question may arise whether it is legally feasible to oblige these corporations to abide by social responsibility in oil and gas industry and its resources specially petroleum laws, regulations and contracts as well as international investment treaties. This article shows that basically CSR in oil and gas industry is voluntarily enforced by TNCs who perform it for non-binding and moral reasons. Nonetheless, in oil and gas industry and its sources especially petroleum laws and contracts, it is feasible to require TNCs to undertake CSR and various dimensions therewith.
On the Universality of Auxiliary Verbs
Nasser Al-Horais 세종대학교 언어연구소 2012 Journal of Universal Language Vol.13 No.1
Cross-linguistically, it has often been observed that there is no any specific language-independent formal definition that can be used to determine the characterization of any given element as an auxiliary verb. This paper, though it agrees to some extent with this observation, argues that there is still room to find some universal properties that help us end up with the conclusion that auxiliaries and lexical verbs are two distinct types of syntactic entities. To this end, this paper describes the characteristics necessary for what is to count as an auxiliary verb. Having done that, the paper turns to illustrate the most common properties that can be found among languages in order to find a clear universally agreed definition of an auxiliary verb.
Response to Drought Stress of Two Strawberry Cultivars (cv. Kurdistan and Selva)
Nasser Ghaderi,Adell Siosemardeh 한국원예학회 2011 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.52 No.1
In order to evaluate the effect of different levels of drought stress on some physiological parameters in strawberry, one experiment with potted strawberry cultivars ‘Kurdistan’ and ‘Selva’ was conducted in summer 2008. The experiment was performed with four drought stress treatments [control (75% of field capacity), S1: mild drought stress (50% of field capacity), S2: severe drought stress (25% of field capacity) and R: one day after rewatering]. Physiological parameters such as: leaf relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), net CO2 assimilation rate (A), stomatal conductance (gs), transpiration (E), water use efficiency (A/gs), chlorophyll, proline and soluble carbohydrate contents were measured in leaves of strawberry subjected to different drought stress conditions as well as one day after rewatering. The results showed that RWC, MSI, A, gs, E, and chlorophyll of two cultivars decreased as soil water content was reduced. A/gs was highest under mild water stress for both cultivars. ‘Kurdistan’ had lower A, gs and E than ‘Selva’. RWC, MSI and A/gs of ‘Kurdistan’ were higher than ‘Selva’. Recovery of these parameters was faster for ‘Kurdistan’ than ‘Selva’. Chlorophyll contents of ‘Kurdistan’ was higher than ‘Selva’. Chlorophyll recovery didn’t occur one day after rewatering. Amount of proline and soluble carbohydrates increased under severe drought stress. ‘Kurdistan’ had higher proline content compared to ‘Selva’ under severe drought stress. Amount of proline and soluble carbohydrates were reduced in both the cultivars one day after rewatering. This study revealed that moderate drought stress affects gas exchange while severe drought stress affects chlorophyll, proline and soluble carbohydrates levels.
( Nasser Rashidi ),( Negar Khosravi ) 범태평양응용언어학회 2010 범태평양응용언어학회지 Vol.14 No.1
This study was conducted to investigate the extent to which scores on depth and breadth of vocabulary knowledge as two dimensions of vocabulary knowledge would contribute to predicting the EFL learners` reading performance with a minimum vocabulary size of 3000 word families and also to find out the difference, if any, between the reading comprehension performance of two groups as having high and low depth and breadth of vocabulary knowledge. All instruments (Word-Associate Test (WAT) (Read, 1993) measuring depth of vocabulary knowledge (DVK), Vocabulary Levels Test (VLT) (Nation, 1983) measuring vocabulary size (VS), and Reading Comprehension Test (RC) were administered together within the same session to 38 Iranian senior university students. Then the gathered data were analyzed by a Pearson correlation and two Independent T-tests. Results revealed that a) the interrelations among DVK, VS, and RC were high and positive; b) depth of vocabulary knowledge provided a significant contribution to the prediction of reading comprehension; and c) the students who had stronger depth and breadth of vocabulary knowledge performed better on reading comprehension. These findings provided empirical support for the importance of depth of vocabulary knowledge in reading comprehension. Regarding this, the necessity of incorporating this aspect into EFL programs and activities is desirable.
Bilateral Macular Hole Following Myopic Photorefractive Keratectomy
Nasser Shoeibi,Mohammad Hossein Jabbarpoor Bonyadi,Majid Abrishami,Mohammad-reza Ansari-Astaneh 대한안과학회 2014 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.28 No.3
A 42-year-old man was admitted to our clinic complaining of visual distortion in his left eye two monthsafter bilateral myopic photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). Macular optical coherence tomography (OCT)showed a stage II macular hole in the left eye. Simultaneous OCT in the right eye showed vitreous tractionand distortion of the outer retina. One month later, the patient underwent vitrectomy for the left eye, andthe macular hole was closed. Two months after that, the patient complained of visual distortion in the righteye, and OCT revealed increased traction and accentuated outer retinal distortion indicating a stage IBmacular hole. Traction attenuated later without any intervention. The short interval between PRK and holeformation, bilateral involvement, and the moderate refractive error in this case highlight the possible role ofPRK in aggravating vitreoretinal interface abnormalities. We recommend the addition of PRK to the list ofprocedures that may be associated with the formation of a macular hole.
Intra-Gulf Cooperation Council : Saudi Arabia Effect
Nasser Al Mawali 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2015 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.30 No.3
The main thrust of this study is to investigate the extent to which Saudi Arabia’s economic growth acts as an engine of growth for the Gulf Co-operation Council region. The estimation results of Gulf Cooperation Council for the last three decades suggest that the growth of Saudi Arabia, along with the growth of United Arab Emirates and Bahrain, is positive and statistically significant in explaining the overall growth of the Gulf Cooperation Council region. The main policy implication of these findings is that the positive intra-economic growth of these countries should serve as further motivation for the intra-regional integration of the Gulf Cooperation Council.