Genome-wide identification of novel, long non-coding RNAs responsive to Mycosphaerella eumusae and Pratylenchus coffeae infections and their differential expression patterns in diseaseresistant and sensitive banana cultivars

Muthusamy Muthusamy,Subbaraya Uma,Backiyarani Suthanthiram,Marimuthu Somasundaram Saraswathi,Arumugam Chandrasekar 한국식물생명공학회 2019 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.13 No.1

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression in plant response to biotic and abiotic stresses. The participation of lncRNAs in plant disease resistance in bananas is largely unknown. Therefore, we attempted to identify novel lncRNAs responsive to Mycosphaerella eumusae, a causative agent of Eumusae leaf spot disease and root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus coffeae and their differential expression patterns during stress and normal conditions in respective resistant and sensitive banana genotypes. Illumina paired-end transcriptome sequencing of control and infected samples of resistant and sensitive banana cultivars was performed and the sequence reads assembled into 172434, 201256 transcriptional units (TUs) for M. eumusae and P. coffeae, respectively. The genome-wide analysis for ELSD-responsive lncRNAs led to identification of 5142 novel lncRNAs including 3031-intergenic, 1672-intragenic, and 440 antisense lncRNAs classes collectively from ELSD-resistant and sensitive cultivars. Similarly, 5615 lncRNAs comprised of 3283 intergenic, 1878-intragenic, and 454 antisense classes were identified from P. coffeae-infected resistant and sensitive banana cultivars. Most of the lncRNAs were stress specific, evenly distributed among banana chromosomes and the average length is ranging from 620 to 684 nucleotides. In addition, 1250 and 1284 lncRNAs were differentially expressed to M. eumusae and P. coffeae infections, respectively. The LncRNA–mRNA interaction-based functional role showed lncRNA-mediated downregulation of horcolin, an antifungal protein is likely responsible for ELSD sensitivity in banana cultivars. Furthermore, we identified 100 of these lncRNAs also play a role in drought stress response of banana indicating a possible crosstalk between biotic and abiotic stresses.

BrHSBP7 significantly influences abiotic stress response genes and confers drought tolerance in Brassica rapa

Muthusamy Muthusamy,Sang Ryeol Park,Eun Jung Suh,Soo In Lee 한국육종학회 2023 한국육종학회 공동학술발표집 Vol.2023 No.-

Elevated carbon dioxide significantly improves ascorbic acid content, antioxidative properties and restricted biomass production in cruciferous vegetable seedlings

Muthusamy Muthusamy,황정은,김숙희,김진아,정미정,박형철,이수인 한국식물생명공학회 2019 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.13 No.3

The rise in atmospheric CO2 concentrations has profound impact on nutritional, metabolic and physiological activities of crop plants. In this study, the impact of elevated CO2 ranging from 350 to 4000 ppm on l-ascorbic acid (AsA) content, antioxidative properties and growth characteristics of four cruciferous vegetable seedlings (Chinese cabbage, bok choy, radish and red young radish) was analyzed. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that elevated CO2 markedly induced AsA biosynthetic and AsA regeneration pathway genes thus accumulating AsA at least 0.53–1.62-folds among seedlings. Subsequent analysis showed that elevated CO2 accumulated relatively more AsA in root vegetables than leafy vegetables. AsA improves the antioxidative properties either directly or indirectly via improving the radical scavenging activities of Super Oxide Dismutase (SOD) in a concentration dependent manner. Additionally, CO2 enrichment activated Ascorbate peroxidase-6 (BrAPX6) to control the accumulation of H2O2. Moreover, CO2 at 700 ppm considerably improved biomass production of Chinese cabbage (1.9%), bok choy (1.84%) and red young radish (3%) seedlings. However, further enrichment of CO2 (1000–4000 ppm) gradually decreased the growth and biomass production (4.91–17.5%) in vegetable seedlings, although it improved AsA content significantly. It is thus apparent that the positive impact of elevated CO2 is restricted to 700 ppm. This study reveals that elevated CO2 can enhance the AsA content significantly, improves antioxidant properties and biomass productions in cruciferous vegetable seedlings in a dose-dependent manner.

Dual Culture Inoculation Enhanced Quality of Silage Produced from Leguminous Plants

Muthusamy, Karnan,Ilavenil, Soundharrajan,Jung, Jeong Sung,Lee, Bae Hun,Park, Hyung Soo,Choi, Ki Choon The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science 2021 한국초지조사료학회지 Vol.41 No.3

Ensiling is the most preferred technology to preserve the silage quality with high nutrients by the presence of lactic acid bacteria. In this study, lactic acid bacteria RJ1 and S22 were used to make the silages from different leguminous plants such as alfalfa, hairy vetch and red clover. Experimental groups were divided into control and LAB inoculated groups. LAB inoculated group; all legumes treated with a mixture of RJ1 and S22 and made an anaerobic condition for 45d. Without the addition of LAB considered the control group. The results showed that the lactic acid content was higher in all silages in response to LAB treatment and acetic acid content was slightly increased except red clover by LAB compared to control silages. A poor silage quality marker butyric acid was reduced all legume silages in response to LAB inoculation than control silages. The organic acid is closely associated with microbial population experimental silages. We noted that higher LAB and lower yeast were found in the silage in response to LAB treatment. The contents of crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and total digestible nutrient (TDN) were not altered significantly between control and LAB treated silages. Overall data suggested that the inclusion of additional LAB potentially enhance the silage quality and preserved the nutrients for long period.

Response surface methodology based optimization of keratinase production from alkali-treated feather waste and horn waste using Bacillus sp. MG-MASC-BT

Muthusamy Govarthanan,카말라칸,Thangasamy Selvankumar,Kandasamy Selvam,Chinnappan Sudhakar,Vincent Aroulmoji 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.27 No.-

A native feather-degrading keratinolytic bacterium, Bacillus sp. MG-MASC-BT was isolated from featherdumping soil in Mallasamudram, Tamil Nadu, India and screened for keratinase production using alkalitreated horn waste (HW) and feather waste (FW). The study factors influencing keratinase productionwas optimized by Box–Behnken design (BBD). The maximum enzyme production (1075 U/ml) wasobserved at pH 7.0, temperature 55 8C and growth period of 60 h. The media supplemented with 6% ofHW and FW enhanced keratinase production. Statistics based contour plots were generated to evaluatethe changes in the response surface and to understand the relationship between the enzyme yield andthe culture conditions.

Optimization of As Bioleaching by Herbaspirillum sp. GW103 Coupled with Coconut Oil Cake

Muthusamy Govarthanan,Loganathan Praburaman,김진원,오새강,Seralathan Kamala-Kannan,오병택 한국지하수토양환경학회 2015 지하수토양환경 Vol.20 No.2

The objective of this study was to optimize the experimental conditions for bioleaching of arsenic (As) using Herbaspirillum sp. GW103 and to understand the interaction between bacteria and As during bioleaching. Five variables, temperature, time, CaCO3, coconut oil cake, and shaking rate, were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) based Box-Behnken design (BBD). Maximum (73.2%) bioleaching of As was observed at 30ºC, 60 h incubation, 1.75% CaCO3, 3% coconut oil cake, and 140 rpm. Sequential extraction of bioleached soil revealed that the isolate Herbaspirillum sp. GW103 significantly reduced 28.6% of water soluble fraction and increased 38.8% of the carbonate fraction. The results of the study indicate that the diazotropArsenic, Bioleaching, Box-Behnken design, Herbaspirillum sp., Heavy metals fractionhic bacteria Herbaspirillum sp. could be used for bioleaching As from mine soil. The objective of this study was to optimize the experimental conditions for bioleaching of arsenic (As) using Herbaspirillum sp. GW103 and to understand the interaction between bacteria and As during bioleaching. Five variables, temperature, time, CaCO3, coconut oil cake, and shaking rate, were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM) based Box-Behnken design (BBD). Maximum (73.2%) bioleaching of As was observed at 30ºC, 60 h incubation, 1.75% CaCO3, 3% coconut oil cake, and 140 rpm. Sequential extraction of bioleached soil revealed that the isolate Herbaspirillum sp. GW103 significantly reduced 28.6% of water soluble fraction and increased 38.8% of the carbonate fraction. The results of the study indicate that the diazotrophic bacteria Herbaspirillum sp. could be used for bioleaching As from mine soil.

Tracking Control Design for Markov Jump Systems With Time-varying Delay and External Disturbances

Muthusamy Vijayakumar,Selvaraj Marshal Anthoni,Rathinasamy Sakthivel,Dhafer Almakhles 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.7

This article intends to provide an effective output tracking control protocol and enhanced disturbance rejection performance for a class of continuous-time Markov jump systems (MJSs) with time-varying delay and external disturbances. Precisely, enhanced EID strategy combined with a proportional integral control is proposed to solve the output tracking problem for the addressed systems. In particular, an enhanced EID strategy can deal with the system flexibility and to increase disturbance rejection performance. The needed gain values for assuring the mean-square asymptotic stability of the MJSs are identified with the help of the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional and linear matrix inequalities. The approach described in this paper can improve output tracking and disturbances rejection performance than some exiting results, which is explored through simulation results. Moreover, the legality of theoretical explorations is also verified by the RLC series circuit model.

A novel technique of heat transfer enhancement in backward-facing step flow using a flapping vortex generator

Muthusamy Ponmurugan,Muthaiyan Ravikumar,Seranthian Ramanathan 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.7

Backward-facing step flow is a benchmark problem that has been studied in various fields, such as airfoils, diffusers, boilers, nuclear reactors, electronic devices, and airconditioning ducts. In this study, a rigid rectangular flapping longitudinal vortex generator was mounted at the step of the channel to investigate the fluid flow and heat transfer characteristics at three flapping frequencies (0.167, 0.25, and 0.5 Hz) in the Reynolds number range of 3000 to 8000, while maintaining at a constant heat flux. When the fluid flowed over the backwardfacing step with flapping longitudinal vortex generator, a train of longitudinal vortices developed simultaneously. At a flapping frequency of 0.167 Hz, the developed high-intensity longitudinal vortices were stable and augmented the heat transfer by 38.54 % more than the smooth channel. The friction factor at 0.167 Hz was found to be 19.47 % and 25.33 % greater than at the higher frequencies of 0.25 and 0.5 Hz, respectively.

Wide interlayer spacing ammonium vanadate (NH4)0.37V2O5.0.15(H2O) cathode for rechargeable aqueous zinc-ion batteries

Muthusamy Tamilselvan,Thupakula Venkata Madhukar Sreekanth,유기수,김종훈 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.93 No.-

Recently, aqueous zinc-ion batteries (AZIBs) have been gaining widespread academic interest in theenergy-storagefield owing to their high energy density, enhanced safety of electrochemical operation,and low cost, as well as the abundance of zinc on earth. The ammonium vanadate group containscompounds that are considered efficient energy-storage materials because they provide twodimensional(2D) layered structures with large interlayer distances that promote the intercalation ofmetal ions during electrochemical processes. Here, we report a hydrated form of ammonium vanadate(NH4)0.37V2O5 0.15(H2O) with a highly crystalline rose-like microstructure, which is used as the positiveelectrode material in AZIBs. The ammonium vanadate cathode delivered an initial capacity of 400 mA hg 1 with 2 M ZnSO4 at the current density of 0.5 Ag 1 in a voltage range from 0.2 V to 1.4 V vs Zn2+/Zn. At ahigher current density (10 A g 1), the material retained 84% of the initial discharge capacity after 1000cycles, while displaying an excellent rate capability. Cyclic voltammetry and ex-situ XRD and XPS areused to study the reaction mechanism of ammonium vanadate cathode in the AZIBs. Unlike otherammonium vanadate’s, (NH4)0.37V2O5 0.15(H2O) undergoes co-intercalation of Zn2+ and H+ along withwater molecules. There is no intermediate irreversible crystal phase formation during the discharge/charge cycles due to expandable interlaying distance. This report suggests that (NH4)0.37V2O5 0.15(H2O)can be an alternative highly stable cathode material for use in AZIBs, and it can be promising for theintercalation of the cathode in larger-sized metal-ion storage systems.

Genome-wide screening for novel, drought stress-responsive long non-coding RNAs in drought-stressed leaf transcriptome of drought-tolerant and -susceptible banana (Musa spp) cultivars using Illumina high-throughput sequencing

M. Muthusamy,S. Uma,S. Backiyarani,M. S. Saraswathi 한국식물생명공학회 2015 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.9 No.5

Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are one of the many layers of transcription in higher plants. LncRNAs are responsive to biotic and abiotic stresses and regulate genes. In our study, we have identified 905 novel lncRNAs from 8471 drought-responsive, novel transcripts of RNASeq reads from two banana cultivars, a drought-tolerant cv. ‘Saba’ (ABB) and -susceptible cv. ‘Grand Naine’ (AAA). Of these 905 lncRNAs, 75 (8.3 %) transcripts were natural antisense RNAs (NATs) and 2 transcripts identified as precursors of microRNA-miR156 and miR166. Among the 905 identified lncRNAs, 216, 150 and 279, 164 lncRNAs were induced and reduced to drought stress, respectively, in tolerant and susceptible in comparison to their equivalent controls. The remaining 22 lncRNA of tolerant cultivars was not regulated by drought stress. Of the 882 drought-responsive lncRNAs, 44 new lncRNAs were identified as induced. Musa lncRNAs were unevenly distributed in 11 chromosomes of Musa acuminata and no lncRNAs were found in chromosome-9 of drought-tolerant cultivar. The average lengths of lncRNAs were 683 nucleotides (nt). Drought-responsive differential expression of lncRNAs was found between +8.11585- and -4.04311-fold. Around 7.9 % of the identified lncRNAs were decoys of 85 conserved microRNAs. These findings will lay a basic platform for effective strategic planning of developing drought-resilient crop varieties.