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Miyamoto, Yoichi,Umeki, Hiroyuki,Ohsawa, Hideaki,Naito, Morimasa,Nakano, Katsushi,Makino, Hitoshi,Shimizu, Kazuhiko,Seo, Toshihiro Korean Nuclear Society 2006 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.38 No.6
Ensuring sufficient supplies of clean, economic and acceptable energy is a critical global challenge for the 21st century. There seems little alternative to a greatly expanded role for nuclear power, but implementation of this option will depend on ensuring that all resulting wastes can be disposed of safely. Although there is a consensus on the fundamental feasibility of such disposal by experts in the field, concepts have to be developed to make them more practical to implement and, in particular, more acceptable to key stakeholders. By considering global trends and using illustrative examples from Japan, key areas for future R&D are identified and potential areas where the synergies of international collaboration would be beneficial are highlighted.
Sensitivity analysis of mechanical behaviors for bridge damage assessment
Miyamoto, Ayaho,Isoda, Satoshi Techno-Press 2012 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.41 No.4
The diagnosis of bridge serviceability is carried out by a combination of in-situ visual inspection, static and dynamic loading tests and analyses. Structural health monitoring (SHM) using information technology and sensors is increasingly being used for providing a better estimate of structural performance characteristics rather than above traditional methods. Because the mechanical behavior of bridges with various kinds of damage can not be made clear, it is very difficult to estimate both the damage mode and degree of damage of existing bridges. In this paper, the sensitivity of both static and dynamic behaviors of bridges are studied as a measure of damage assessment through experiments on model bridges induced with some specified artificial damages. And, a method of damage assessment of bridges based on those behaviors is discussed in detail. Finally, based on the results, a possible application for structural health monitoring systems for existing bridges is also discussed.
Miyamoto, Kazuhisa 전남대학교 약품개발연구소 1998 약품개발연구지 Vol.7 No.1
With the continual increase in the utilization of fossil fuels the release of CO₂ into the atmosphere has become a critical problem of global warming. In addition, the fossil fuel combustion generates air pollutants such as SO₂ and NOx which cause acid rain and urban smog. Here, the use of microalgae is proposed for post-combustion control of air pollutants. Our system for the simultaneous recovery of CO₂ and NOx can be combined with any bacterial conversion system in which microalgal biomass is used as a raw material for the bacterial production of energy or commodity chemicals. Nitric oxide (NO) was removed simultaneously with CO₂ from a model flue gas using a Dunaliella tertiolecta culture in a long tubular photobioreactor. The effects of NO concentration, gas flow rate, and light conditions were investigated to increase the removal ratio. Experiments under light and dark conditions showed that both living algal cells and O₂ were essential for the efficient removal of NO. The biomass of Dunaliella tertiolecta, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, or Chlorella pyrenoidosa could be converted to substrates suitable for bacterial H₂ production by the starch-hydrolyzing lactic acid bacterium, Lactobacillus amylovorus. Photosynthetic bacteria produced H₂ from fermentation products and a high conversion yield of 7 ㏖ H₂ per mole of starch-glucose in algal biomass was observed in a system starting from biomass of C. reinhardtii. An alternate system involving direct conversion has been achieved, using halotolerant bacterial community selected from night soil treatment sludge. Although the single-step system gave a lower H₂ yield at present, it produced H₂ directly from raw starch in algal biomass Such a combined system for recovering air pollutants by microalgae and converting the biomass to useful materials would contribute to solve global environmental issues.
Miyamoto, Tomofumi,Yamamoto, Atsushi,Sakai, Maki,Tanaka, Hiroyuki,Shoyama, Yukihiro,Higuchi, Ryuichi The Korean Society for Marine Biotechnology 2006 한국해양바이오학회지 Vol.1 No.4
In this study, we establish a thin-layer chromatography (TLC) immunostaining method for detecting starfish gangliosides. A new monoclonal antibody (MAb) against AG-2, the major gangliosides molecular species of Acanthaster planci, was produced by fusing hybridoma with splenocytes immunized to liposomal AG-2. BALB/c male mice were injected with liposomal AG-2 antigen, and immunized. Their splenocytos were isolated and fused with hypoxanthine-aminopterine-thimidine (HAT)-sensitive mouse myeloma cells. Hybridomas producing MAb reactive to AG-2 were cloned using the limited dilution method. Established hybridomas were cultured in eRDF medium. Crude MAb produced from clone 8D4 was purified with a magnesium pyrophosphate column. Enzyme immunoassay and TLC immunostaining of AG-2 were performed using the purified MAb. Structurally related gangliosides did not cross-react with anti-AG-2 antibodies. The detection limit of TLC immunostaining was 50 ng of AG-2. The newly established immunostaining method was further developed for detecting AG-2 distribution and qualitative analysis in tissues and/or organs. Our results show that the majority of AG-2 is present in the stomach of male A. planci, while AG-2 is distributed not only in the stomach but also in the the pyloric caeca of female A. planci.