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( Mikyung Kim ),( Srijan Acharya ),( Chrislean Jun Botanas ),( Raly James Custodio ),( Hyun Jun Lee ),( Leandro Val Sayson ),( Arvie Abiero ),( Yong Soo Lee ),( Jae Hoon Cheong ),( Kyeong-man Kim ),( 한국응용약물학회 2020 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.28 No.2
Epilepsy is a brain disorder that affects millions of people worldwide and is usually managed using currently available antiepileptic drugs, which result in adverse effects and are ineffective in approximately 20-25% of patients. Thus, there is growing interest in the development of new antiepileptic drugs with fewer side effects. In a previous study, we showed that a Rehmannia glutinosa (RG) water extract has protective effects against electroshock- and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures, with fewer side effects. In this study, the objective was to identify the RG components that are responsible for its anticonvulsant effects. Initially, a number of RG components (aucubin, acteoside, catalpol, and mannitol) were screened, and the anticonvulsant effects of different doses of catalpol, mannitol, and their combination on electroshock- and chemically (PTZ or strychnine)-induced seizures in mice, were further assessed. Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor binding assay and electroencephalography (EEG) analysis were conducted to identify the potential underlying drug mechanism. Additionally, treated mice were tested using open-field and rotarod tests. Catalpol, mannitol, and their combination increased threshold against electroshock-induced seizures, and decreased the percentage of seizure responses induced by PTZ, a GABA antagonist. GABA receptor binding assay results revealed that catalpol and mannitol are associated with GABA receptor activity, and EEG analysis provided evidence that catalpol and mannitol have anticonvulsant effects against PTZ-induced seizures. In summary, our results indicate that catalpol and mannitol have anticonvulsant properties, and may mediate the protective effects of RG against seizures.
( Mikyung Kim ),( Se Jin Jeon ),( Raly James Custodio ),( Hyun Jun Lee ),( Leandro Val Sayson ),( Darlene Mae D. Ortiz ),( Jae Hoon Cheong ),( Hee Jin Kim ) 한국응용약물학회 2021 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.29 No.2
Drug addiction influences most communities directly or indirectly. Increasing studies have reported the relationship between circadian- related genes and drug addiction. Per2 disrupted mice exhibited more vulnerable behavioral responses against some drugs including methamphetamine (METH). However, its roles and mechanisms are still not clear. Transcriptional profiling analysis in Per2 knockout (KO) mice may provide a valuable tool to identify potential genetic involvement and pathways in enhanced behavioral responses against drugs. To explore the potential genetic involvement, we examined common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the striatum of drug naïve Per2 KO/wild-type (WT) mice, and before/after METH treatment in Per2 KO mice, but not in WT mice. We selected 9 common DEGs (Ncald, Cpa6, Pklr, Ttc29, Cbr2, Egr2, Prg4, Lcn2, and Camsap2) based on literature research. Among the common DEGs, Ncald, Cpa6, Pklr, and Ttc29 showed higher expression levels in drug naïve Per2 KO mice than in WT mice, while they were downregulated in Per2 KO mice after METH treatment. In contrast, Cbr2, Egr2, Prg4, Lcn2, and Camsap2 exhibited lower expression levels in drug naïve Per2 KO mice than in WT mice, while they were upregulated after METH treatment in Per2 KO mice. qRT-PCR analyses validated the expression patterns of 9 target genes before/after METH treatment in Per2 KO and WT mice. Although further research is required to deeply understand the relationship and roles of the 9 target genes in drug addiction, the findings from the present study indicate that the target genes might play important roles in drug addiction.
실내 환경에서의 현재 및 미래 위치 질의를 위한 색인과 동적 히스토그램 기법
김미경 ( Mikyung Kim ),박현주 ( Hyun-ju Park ) 한국정보처리학회 2004 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.11 No.2
이동객체 색인에 관한 기존 연구는 실외 환경의 빠른 속도로 이동하는 많은 이동객체들을 대상으로 과거 궤적과 현재위치 및 미래 위치를 검색하는 색인 기법들이었다. 그러나 쇼핑몰이나 대형 박물관과 같은 건물의 실내나 놀이동산과 같은 한정된 영역의 이동객체들은 실외 환경에서처럼 빠른 이동속도를 가지고 있지 않다. 또한 이동객체들의 이동하는 영역이 한정되어 있을 뿐만 아니라 최대 수용인원 등이 정해져 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 특성을 갖는 실내 환경에 적합한 색인 기법으로 현재 그리고 미래 위치 질의 처리를 위한 공간색인과 시간 색인을 분리한 두 개의 색인 구조를 갖는 새로운 색인 기법과 가까운 미래 시간의 특정 영역에 있는 이동객체들의 수에 대한 질의응답을 위한 시공간 히스토그램을 구성하고, 적용하는 방법을 제안한다.