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Cosuppression and RNAi induced by Arabidopsis ortholog gene sequences in tobacco
Oka, Shin-Ichiro,Midorikawa, Kaoru,Kodama, Hiroaki The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology 2010 Plant biotechnology reports Vol.4 No.3
The Arabidopsis ${\omega}$-3 fatty acid desaturase (AtFAD7) catalyzes the synthesis of trienoic fatty acids (TA). A transgenic tobacco line, T15, was produced by a sense AtFAD7 construct and showed a cosuppression-like phenotype, namely extremely low TA levels. The sequence similarity between AtFAD7 and a tobacco ortholog gene, NtFAD7, was moderate (about 69%) in the coding sequences. AtFAD7 siRNAs accumulated at a high level, and both AtFAD7 and NtFAD7 mRNAs are degraded in T15 plants. The low-TA phenotype in T15 was dependent on a tobacco RNA-dependent RNA polymerase6 (NtRDR6). We also produced tobacco RNAi plants targeting AtFAD7 gene sequences. The AtFAD7 siRNA level was trace, which was associated with a slight reduction in leaf TA level. Unexpectedly, this RNAi plant showed an increased NtFAD7 transcript level. To investigate the effect of translational inhibition on stability of the NtFAD7 mRNAs, leaves of the wild-type tobacco plants were treated with a translational inhibitor, cycloheximide. The level of NtFAD7 mRNAs significantly increased after cycloheximde treatment. These results suggest that the translational inhibition by low levels of AtFAD7 siRNAs or by cycloheximide increased stability of NtFAD7 mRNA. The degree of silencing by an RNAi construct targeting the AtFAD7 gene was increased by co-existence of the AtFAD7 transgene, where NtRDR6-dependent amplification of siRNAs occurred. These results indicate that NtRDR6 can emphasize silencing effects in both cosuppression and RNAi.
Masanori Nishi,Ichiro Okano,Takatoshi Sawada,Natsuki Midorikawa,Katsunori Inagaki 대한고관절학회 2019 Hip and Pelvis Vol.31 No.4
Purpose: Short-term outcomes following cemented and cementless hemiarthroplasties (HAs) are reported to be comparable, however, long-term outcomes of cementless HA–especially among Asian patients–is limited. We aimed to assess long-term outcomes in elderly East-Asian patients with intracapsular proximal femoral fractures treated with cementless HA. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 135 patients treated with cementless HA who met our inclusion criteria. We documented bone/implant-related complications (e.g., incidences of revision hip surgery, femoral stem subsidence, dislocation, intraoperative and postoperative periprosthetic fractures, contralateral hip fractures). We included those patients who are still alive 10 years after the index surgery in the final functional analysis of the existence of pain, ambulatory status, and residential status. Results: The mean age at injury was 78.3 years (range: 60-85 years). At the 10-year follow-up, 26 of the original patients (19.3%) had survived. During follow-up, revision hip surgery was conducted in two patients (1.5%). We recorded the incidence of intraoperative fractures, postoperative periprosthetic fractures, and contralateral fractures in two (1.5%), eight (5.9%), and six patients (4.4%), respectively. Among the 10-year survivors, six patients (23.1% of the survivors) complained of groin pain, but generally reported the pain to be tolerable. Conclusion: Among elderly East-Asian patients, the incidence of revision surgery after cementless HA may be lower than that in their European counterparts, whereas the incidence of periprosthetic fractures can still be considerably higher. For patients undergoing cementless HA, prevention of such secondary fractures is of critical importance.
Takashi shiga,Khurelbaatar Khaliunaa,Shukherdorj Baasanmunkh,Batlai Oyuntsetseg,Shotaro Midorikawa,Hyeok Jae Choi 국립중앙과학관 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.13 No.3
During a floristic survey of Khar-Us Lake and its associated wetlands in Khovd Province, we found sevenspecies and two hybrid nothospecies that have not previously been recorded in Mongolia. These taxawere found in seven localities and included Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle, Najas flexilis (Willd.) Rostk. &W.L.E. Schmidt, N. minor All., and N. tenuissima (A.Braun ex Magnus) Magnus (Hydrocaritaceae);Potamogeton angustifolius J. Presl (Potamogetonaceae); Ceratophyllum platyacanthum Cham. subsp. oryzetorum (Kom.) Les (Ceratophyllaceae); Aldrovanda vesiculosa L. (Droseraceae); Veronica anagalloidesGuss. (Plantaginaceae); and Utricularia japonica Makino (Lentibulariaceae). Two of these genera,Hydrilla Rich. and Aldrovanda L., were also newly recorded from Mongolia. The addition of these taxa tothe present Mongolian flora list brings the numbers of registered taxa and genera to 3,200 and 686,respectively. The morphological characteristics, diagnostic features, and distribution of these taxa inMongolia are described in this report.