Convergence studies for Enriched Free Mesh Method and its application to fracture mechanics

Matsubara, Hitoshi,Yagawa, Genki Techno-Press 2009 Interaction and multiscale mechanics Vol.2 No.3

The Enriched Free Mesh Method (EFMM) is a patch-wise procedure in which both a displacement field on an element and a stress/strain field on a cluster of elements connected to a node can be defined. On the other hand, the Superconvergent Patch Recovery (SPR) is known to be an efficient post-processing procedure of the finite element method to estimate the error norm at a node. In this paper, we discuss the relationship between solutions of the EFMM and those of the SPR through several convergence studies. In addition, in order to solve the demerit of the smoothing effect on the fracture mechanics fields, we implement a singular stress field to a local patch in the EFMM, and its effectiveness is investigated.

認知特性を活かした漢字習得方法の一提案 - 韓国人日本語学習者へのインクルーシブ教育の観点から -

Matsubara, Yoshiko 한국일어일문학회 2022 日語日文學硏究 Vol.123 No.-

본고에서는 한자 학습을 어려워하는 학습자의 특징을 관찰하고 이러한 학습자들이 디스렉시아(난독증)의 그레이 존에 있을 가능성을 파악하였다. 우선 학습자들이 가지고 있는 인지 특성을 조사하였고 그 인지특성과 한자 학습의 연관성을 조사 분석하였다. 조사 결과, 인지 특성에 있어서 한자 시험 점수가 높은 학습자와 낮은 학습자 간에 유의미한 차이를 보였다. 한자 시험에서 점수가 높은 학습자는 글자나 문장을 도식화하는 유형인 '언어우위 유형' 중 '언어추상 유형' 수치가 높고, 점수가 낮은 학습자는 '시각우위 유형' 중 '사진(카메라) 유형'과 "3차원 영상 유형' 수치가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 지금까지 통상적으로 한자 교육에서 실시해온 '써서 외우는' 학습방법은 '언어추상 유형'을 사용하는 학습방법이기 때문에 인지 능력이 높은 학습자에게는 효과적인 학습방법이었다고 볼 수 있다. 반대로, 그 외의 인지특성을 주로 사용하는 학습자에게는 효과가 낮다고도 말할 수 있다. 이러한 조사 결과를 바탕으로 한자학습에 어려움을 가지고 있는 학습자가 주로 사용하는 시각적 인지 방법을 활용한 한자 학습법을 제안하였다. 또한 시각뿐만 아니라 청각인지를 활용한 학습방법도 복합적으로 도입함으로써 기존의 학습방법인 '쓰고 외우기'뿐만 아니라 '보고 외우기' '듣고 외우기' 등 다양한 인지특성을 조합한 한자학습법도 제시하였다. 이러한 학습 방법에 의해 디스렉시아 그레이 존에 있는 학습자에게는 '없으면 곤란한 학습방법'으로, 그 외의 학습자에게는 '있으면 도움이 되는 학습방법'으로 인지된다면, 이것이야 말로 한자 학습을 위한 인클루시브 교육의 첫 걸음이 될 수 있으리라 생각한다.

Degradation of Raw Starch Granules by α-Amylase Purified from Culture of Aspergillus awamori KT-11

Matsubara, Takayoshi,Ammar, Youssef Ben,Anindyawati, Trisanti,Yamamoto, Satoru,Ito, Kazuo,Iizuka, Masaru,Minamiura, Noshi Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2004 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.37 No.4

Raw-starch-digesting $\alpha$-amylase (Amyl III) was purified to an electrophoretically pure state from the extract of a koji culture of Aspergillus awamori KT-11 using wheat bran in the medium. The purified Amyl III digested not only soluble starch but also raw corn starch. The major products from the raw starch using Amyl III were maltotriose and maltose, although a small amount of glucose was produced. Amyl III acted on all raw starch granules that it has been tested on. However, it was considered that the action mode of the Amyl III on starch granules was different from that of glucoamylase judging from the observation of granules under a scanning electron microscope before and after enzyme reaction, and also from the reaction products. Glucoamylase (GA I) was also isolated and it was purified to an electrophoretically pure state from the extract. It was found that the electron micrographic features of the granules after treatment with the enzymes were quite different. A synergistic effect of Amyl III and GA I was observed for the digestion of raw starch granules.

Progress of Pulse Tube Cryocooler

Matsubara, Yoichi,Koh, Deuk-Yong The Korean Society of Superconductivity and Cryoge 2010 한국초전도저온공학회논문지 Vol.12 No.4

The pulse tube cooler as an alternative of Stirling, G-M or VM cooler to overcome the requirement from the various application fields is described. The necessity of the object oriented cooler development is explained to realize the cryocooler of more energy-efficient, more reliable, more compact and less expensive than what is currently available commercially.

Computer Simulation of Sintering and Grain Growth

Matsubara, Hideaki The Korean Powder Metallurgy Institute 1998 한국분말재료학회지 (KPMI) Vol.5 No.4

This paper is aimed to study the computer simulation of sintering process for ceramics by Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics methods. Plural mechanisms of mass transfer were designed in the MC simulation of sintering process for micron size particles; the transfer of pore lattices for shrinkage and the transfer of solid lattices for grain growth ran in the calculation arrays. The MD simulation was performed in the case of nano size particles of ionic ceramics and showed the characteristic features in sintering process at atomic levels. The MC and MD simulations for sintering process are useful for microstructural design for ceramics.

Molecular Cloning and Determination of the Nucleotide Sequence of Raw Starch Digesting α-Amylase from Aspergillus awamori KT-11

Matsubara, Takayoshi,Ammar, Youssef Ben,Anindyawati, Trisanti,Yamamoto, Satoru,Ito, Kazuo,Iizuka, Masaru,Minamiura, Noshi Korean Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biol 2004 Journal of biochemistry and molecular biology Vol.37 No.4

Complementary DNAs encoding $\alpha$-amylases (Amyl I, Amyl III) and glucoamylase (GA I) were cloned from Aspergillus awamori KT-11 and their nucleotide sequences were determined. The sequence of Amyl III that was a raw starch digesting $\alpha$-amylase was found to consist of a 1,902 bp open reading frame encoding 634 amino acids. The signal peptide of the enzyme was composed of 21 amino acids. On the other hand, the sequence of Amyl I, which cannot act on raw starch, consisted of a 1,500 bp ORF encoding 499 amino acids. The signal peptide of the enzyme was composed of 21 amino acids. The sequence of GA I consisted of a 1,920 bp ORF that encoded 639 amino acids. The signal peptide was composed of 24 amino acids. The amino acid sequence of Amyl III from the N-terminus to the amino acid number 499 showed 63.3% homology with Amyl I. However, the amino acid sequence from the amino acid number 501 to C-terminus, including the raw-starch-affinity site and the TS region rich in threonine and serine, showed 66.9% homology with GA I.

Toward future networks: A viewpoint from ITU-T

Matsubara, D.,Egawa, T.,Nishinaga, N.,Kafle, V. P.,Myung-Ki Shin,Galis, A. IEEE 2013 IEEE communications magazine Vol.51 No.3

<P>There have been continuous efforts and progress regarding the research and development of future network technologies in recent years, such as network virtualization and software defined networking, information centric networking (ICN), cloud networking, autonomic management, and open connectivity. ITU-T started working on the standardization of FNs in late 2009, and it has developed some initial Recommendations that lay out the essential directions for subsequent detailed work. This article presents the background and the context of FNs' standardization, and the deliverables and future plans originated from the initial standardization work performed by ITU-T.</P>

Open the Way to Future Networks - A Viewpoint Framework from ITU-T

Matsubara, D.,Egawa, T.,Nishinaga, N.,Shin, M.-K.,Kafle, V.P.,Galis, A. SPRINGER-VERLAG 2013 ICHIT 2012 Vol.7858 No.-

Induced Resistance to Anthracnose and Changes in Free Amino Acid Content in Mycorrhizal Strawberry Plants

Yoichi Matsubara,Youhong Li,Daisuke Sassa,Mayumi Kubota,Mitsuro Hyakumachi,Yongli Liu,Kaneyuki Koshikawa 한국원예학회 2006 한국원예학회 기타간행물 Vol.- No.-

피 요구자 쪽의 당연성과 부담도로 본 "수락"과 "거절"의 일고찰

마츠바라요시코 ( Matsubara Yoshiko ) 한국일어일문학회 2014 日語日文學硏究 Vol.91 No.1

본고는 일본어의행위요구에대한수락과거절에있어서당연성과 부담도가 어 떤 영향을 미치고 있는지를 표현유형과 의미공식의 관점으로 분석 및 고찰을 한 것이다. 본고에서는 당연성과 부담도의 높이로 ①당연성이 높고 부담도가 낮을 때 ②당연성이 낮고 부담도가 높을 때③당연성이 높고 부담도가 높을 때 ④당연성이 낮고 부담도가 낮을 때 , 이 네 개의 패턴으로 나누어 분석을 했다. 수락을 보면 패턴①은 수락할 때에는 가장 수락하기 쉬운 패턴이며 거절할 때에는 가장 어려운 패턴이라고 할 수 있다. 패턴②는 그 반대로 수락은 어렵고 거절은 쉬운 패턴이다. 하지만 패턴③④는 패턴①②처럼 확실하게 수락과 거절 이 어렵다고 말하기는 힘들다. 이 패턴③④에 대한 대답은 피 요구자가 행위요 구를 패턴①을 기준으로 판단하여 자신이 생각하는 당연성과 부담도와의 차이 에 대해서 언급하는 경향이 보였다. 패턴③의 수락은 ``수락명시``의 의미공식을 사용해도 "해 보겠다"라든지 시도를 나타나는 표현으로 실행의 가능성이 낮음 을 말하고 있다. 거절에서는 원하는 행위요구는 부담도가 높지만 요구자가 그 만큼 요구를 강하게 원하고 있다고 판단하여 ``이유``와 ``설득``으로 요구를 취하하 도록 유도하고 있다. 패턴④의 수락에서는 ``수락명시``를 사용해도 망설이거나 문 말을 생략해서 애매하게 수락하거나 "해 주겠다"라고 하는 의미가 포함되어 있는 "좋아요"라는 표현으로 당연성이 낮음을 강조하고 있다. 선행연구에서는 당연성과 부담도는 일직선상에 있으며 반비례한다고 되어 있지만 본고의 결과를 보면 당연성과 부담도는 별도로 생각해야한다. 그리고 요구자와 피요구자가 생각하는 당연성과 부담도에 관한 인식 차이를 염두에 두고 수락 거절의 표현유형과 의미공식의 선택을 해야 한다고 할 수 있다. This article explores the effects of levels of naturalness and burden on acceptance and refusal of a request for action from the perspectives of the type of expressions and the type of semantic classifications. The analyses are divided into four patterns depending on the levels of naturalness and burden: when ① naturalness is high and burden is low; ② naturalness is low and burden is high; ③ naturalness and burden are high; ④ naturalness and burden are low. The pattern ① is the easiest when signalling acceptance but the most difficult when signalling refusal. In contrast, the pattern ② renders acceptance difficult but refusal easy. Unlike the patterns ① and ②, the patterns ③ and ④ do not seem to incur apparent difficulties in acceptance or refusal. When responding to the patterns ③ and ④, requestees tend to judge the request for action in reference to the pattern ① and mention a gap between the levels of naturalness and burden. Acceptance in the pattern ③ suggests a low likelihood of execution as the acceptance expresses a willingness to try (i.e., "I will give it a try") even when the pattern employs ``clarification of acceptance`` as the type of semantic classification. Refusal in the pattern ③ prompts the requester to withdraw the request through ``reason`` and ``persuasion`` as the perceived burden of the requested action is high while the request is judged to be strongly desired by the requester. Acceptance in the pattern ④ highlights the low level of naturalness as the requestee shows hesitation even when using ``clarification of acceptance``, or accepts the request ambivalently by omitting expressions, or signals "Okay" which implies "I will do it for you". Previous studies have indicated that a linear and inversely proportional relationship exists between level of naturalness and level of burden. However, the findings from the current study suggest that these two are separate. Also, selection of the typeof expression and the type of semantic classification for acceptance or refusal needs to account for the difference between levels of naturalness and burden perceived by requesters and requestees.