Atractylenolides (I, II, and III): a review of their pharmacology and pharmacokinetics

Mao Deng,Huijuan Chen,Jiaying Long,Jiawen Song,Long Xie,Xiaofang Li 대한약학회 2021 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.44 No.7

Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz is a widelyused as a traditional Chinese medicine. Atractylenolides(-I, -II, and -III) are a class of lactone compounds derivedfrom Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz . Research intoatractylenolides over the past two decades has shown thatatractylenolides have anti-cancer, anti-infl ammatory, antiplatelet,anti-osteoporosis, and antibacterial activity; protectthe nervous system; and regulate blood glucose and lipids. Because of structural diff erences, both atractylenolide-I andatractylenolide-II have remarkable anti-cancer activities,and atractylenolide-I and atractylenolide-III have remarkableanti-infl ammatory and neuroprotective activities. Wetherefore recommend further clinical research on the anticancer,anti-infl ammatory and neuroprotective eff ects ofatractylenolides, determine their therapeutic eff ects, aloneor in combination. To investigate their ability to regulateblood glucose and lipid, as well as their anti-platelet, antiosteoporosis,and antibacterial activities, both in vitro andin vivo studies are necessary. Atractylenolides are rapidlyabsorbed but slowly metabolized; thus, solubilization studiesmay not be necessary. However, due to the inhibitory eff ectsof atractylenolides on metabolic enzymes, it is necessaryto pay attention to the possible side eff ects of combiningatractylenolides with other drugs, in clinical application. Inshort, atractylenolides have considerable medicinal valueand warrant further study.

Disambiguate Chinese Word Sense Based on Linguistics Knowledge

Chun-Xiang Zhang,Long Deng,Xue-Yao Gao,Zhi-Mao Lu 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Database Theory and Appli Vol.7 No.6

Word sense disambiguation (WSD) is important to many application problems in natural language processing fields, such as machine translation, parsing analysis and information retrieval. In this paper, we propose a new method to determine correct sense categories of Chinese words based on linguistics knowledge. The left word string and the right word string around the ambiguous word are respectively analyzed. Their syntactic structures are obtained for determining its intended sense. Syntactic category and part of speech are extracted as disambiguation features. A naive bayesian model is used as the classifier. Experimental results showed that the accuracy rate of classification arrives at 64%. The performance of disambiguation is improved.

Comparison of Gayal (Bos frontalis) and Yunnan Yellow Cattle (Bos taurus): Rumen Function, Digestibilities and Nitrogen Balance during Feeding of Pelleted Lucerne (Medicago sativum)

Deng, Weidong,Wang, Liping,Ma, Songcheng,Jin, Bo,He, Tianbao,Yang, Zhifang,Mao, Huaming,Wanapat, Metha Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.6

Three male Gayal (Bos frontalis) and three male Yunnan Yellow cattle (Bos taurus) were fed pelleted lucerne and measurements made of digestibility, nitrogen utilisation, rumen fermentation and microbial population and key plasma metabolites. Total actual dry matter intake was similar but when expressed in terms of live weight or metabolic live weight feed intakes were significantly higher (p<0.05) for Gayal than cattle. Apparent digestibilities of dry matter, organic matter, fibre and dietary nitrogen were similar for both Gayal and cattle. Rumen ammonia nitrogen and total volatile fatty acids were significantly higher (p<0.05) for Gayal than cattle and total numbers of viable rumen bacteria, cellulolytic and amylolytic bacteria, but not proteolytic bacteria nor protozoa, were significantly greater (p<0.05) for Gayal than cattle. Although Gayal have a different rumen ecology to cattle, similar digestive parameters were exhibited. Further research is required to establish relationship between rumen ecology and digestive parameters.

ROBUST MIXED $H_2/H_{\infty}$ GUARANTEED COST CONTROL OF UNCERTAIN STOCHASTIC NEUTRAL SYSTEMS

Mao, Weihua,Deng, Feiqi,Wan, Anhua The Korean Society for Computational and Applied M 2012 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.30 No.5

In this paper, we deal with the robust mixed $H_2/H_{\infty}$ guaranteed-cost control problem involving uncertain neutral stochastic distributed delay systems. More precisely, the aim of this problem is to design a robust mixed $H_2/H_{\infty}$ guaranteed-cost controller such that the close-loop system is stochastic mean-square exponentially stable, and an $H_2$ performance measure upper bound is guaranteed, for a prescribed $H_{\infty}$ attenuation level ${\gamma}$. Therefore, the fast convergence can be fulfilled and the proposed controller is more appealing in engineering practice. Based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional theory, new delay-dependent sufficient criteria are proposed to guarantee the existence of a desired robust mixed $H_2/H_{\infty}$ guaranteed cost controller, which are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities(LMIs). Furthermore, the design problem of the optimal robust mixed $H_2/H_{\infty}$ guaranteed cost controller, which minimized an $H_2$ performance measure upper bound, is transformed into a convex optimization problem with LMIs constraints. Finally, two simulation examples illustrate the design procedure and verify the expected control performance.

Phylogenetic Analysis of 16S rDNA Sequences Manifest Rumen Bacterial Diversity in Gayals (Bos frontalis) Fed Fresh Bamboo Leaves and Twigs (Sinarumdinaria)

Deng, Weidong,Wanapat, Metha,Ma, Songcheng,Chen, Jing,Xi, Dongmei,He, Tianbao,Yang, Zhifang,Mao, Huaming Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.7

Six male Gayal (Bos frontalis), approximately two years of age and with a mean live weight of $203{\pm}17$ kg ($mean{\pm}standard\;deviation$), were housed indoors in metabolism cages and fed bamboo (Sinarundinaria) leaves and twigs. After an adjustment period of 24 days of feeding the diet, samples of rumen liquor were obtained for analyses of bacteria in the liquor. The diversity of rumen bacteria was investigated by constructing a 16S rDNA clone library. A total of 147 clones, comprising nearly full length sequences (with a mean length of 1.5 kb) were sequenced and submitted to an on-line similarity search and phylogenetic analysis. Using the criterion of 97% or greater similarity with the sequences of known bacteria, 17 clones were identified as Ruminococcus albus, Butyrivibrio fibrosolvens, Quinella ovalis, Clostridium symbiosium, Succiniclasticum ruminis, Selenomonas ruminantium and Allisonella histaminiformans, respectively. A further 22 clones shared similarity ranging from 90-97% with known bacteria but the similarity in sequences for the remaining 109 clones was less than 90% of those of known bacteria. Using a phylogenetic analysis it was found that the majority of the clones identified (57.1%) were located in the low G+C subdivision, with most of the remainder (42.2% of clones) located in the Cytophage-Flexibacter-Bacteroides (CFB) phylum and one clone (0.7%) was identified as a Spirochaete. It was apparent that Gayal have a large and diverse range of bacteria in the rumen liquor which differ from those of cattle and other ruminants. This may explain the greater live weights of Gayal, compared to cattle, grazing in the harsh natural environments in which Gayal are located naturally.

Genetically Encoded Biosensor Engineering for Application in Directed Evolution

Mao Yin,Huang Chao,Zhou Xuan,Han Runhua,Deng Yu,Zhou Shenghu 한국미생물·생명공학회 2023 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.33 No.10

Although rational genetic engineering is nowadays the favored method for microbial strain improvement, building up mutant libraries based on directed evolution for improvement is still in many cases the better option. In this regard, the demand for precise and efficient screening methods for mutants with high performance has stimulated the development of biosensor-based highthroughput screening strategies. Genetically encoded biosensors provide powerful tools to couple the desired phenotype to a detectable signal, such as fluorescence and growth rate. Herein, we review recent advances in engineering several classes of biosensors and their applications in directed evolution. Furthermore, we compare and discuss the screening advantages and limitations of two-component biosensors, transcription-factor-based biosensors, and RNA-based biosensors. Engineering these biosensors has focused mainly on modifying the expression level or structure of the biosensor components to optimize the dynamic range, specificity, and detection range. Finally, the applications of biosensors in the evolution of proteins, metabolic pathways, and genome-scale metabolic networks are described. This review provides potential guidance in the design of biosensors and their applications in improving the bioproduction of microbial cell factories through directed evolution.

On Dual Compensation to Disturbances and Uncertainties for Inertially Stabilized Platforms

Jiuqiang Deng,Yao Mao,Wenchao Xue,Xi Zhou 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.5

This paper focuses on disturbances and uncertainties rejection control for the nonminimum-phase inertially stabilized platforms on moving bases, which suffers from serious disturbances and uncertainties. To stabilize the nonminimum-phase system, the standard disturbance-observer-based control method has to sacrifice the stability margins and disturbance rejection. The dual compensation disturbance-observer-based control method is proposed in this paper to ensure a stronger disturbance rejection performance. The two compensators of the proposed method have independent capabilities to reject the disturbances parallelly. The synergic compensators deal with much more disturbances than each of them separately due to their superimposed disturbance rejection. The proposed method doesn’t change the stability margins and tracking capabilities and open-loop characteristics. The analytical tuning laws for the proposed method are presented. The proposed method is verified in typical setups based on the gimbal and inertially stabilized laser control systems. Simulated and experimental results demonstrate that compared with the standard disturbance-observer-based control method, the proposed method can negate much more disturbances without changing the stability margins. The simulation and experimental results show the effectiveness and superiority of our method.

Robust mixed H_2/H_∞ guaranteed cost control of uncertain stochastic neutral systems

Weihua Mao,Feiqi Deng,Anhua Wan 한국전산응용수학회 2012 Journal of applied mathematics & informatics Vol.30 No.5

In this paper, we deal with the robust mixed $H_2\hbox{/}H_{\infty}$ guaranteed-cost control problem involving uncertain neutral stochastic distributed delay systems. More precisely, the aim of this problem is to design a robust mixed $H_2\hbox{/}H_{\infty}$ guaranteed-cost controller such that the close-loop system is stochastic mean-square exponentially stable, and an $H_2$ performance measure upper bound is guaranteed, for a prescribed $H_{\infty}$ attenuation level $\gamma$. Therefore, the fast convergence can be fulfilled and the proposed controller is more appealing in engineering practice. Based on the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional theory, new delay-dependent sufficient criteria are proposed to guarantee the existence of a desired robust mixed $H_2\hbox{/}H_{\infty}$ guaranteed cost controller, which are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs). Furthermore, the design problem of the optimal robust mixed $H_2\hbox{/}H_{\infty}$ guaranteed cost controller, which minimized an $H_2$ performance measure upper bound, is transformed into a convex optimization problem with LMIs constraints. Finally, two simulation examples illustrate the design procedure and verify the expected control performance.

Circular RNA CREBBP modulates cartilage degradation by activating the Smad1/5 pathway through the TGFβ2/ALK1 axis

Xu Yiyang,Mao Guping,Long Dianbo,Deng Zengfa,Xin Ruobin,Zhang Ziji,Xue Ting,Liao Weiming,Xu Jie,Kang Yan 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-

Osteoarthritis, characterized by articular cartilage degradation, is the leading cause of chronic disability in older adults. Studies have indicated that circular RNAs are crucial regulators of chondrocyte development and are involved in the progression of osteoarthritis. In this study, we investigated the function and mechanism of a circular RNA and its potential for osteoarthritis therapy. The expression levels of circCREBBP, screened by circular RNA sequencing during chondrogenic differentiation in adipose tissue-derived stem cells, and TGFβ2 were significantly increased in the cartilage of patients with osteoarthritis and IL-1β-induced chondrocytes. circCREBBP knockdown increased anabolism in the extracellular matrix and inhibited chondrocyte degeneration, whereas circCREBBP overexpression led to the opposite effects. Luciferase reporter assays, rescue experiments, RNA immunoprecipitation, and RNA pulldown assays confirmed that circCREBBP upregulated TGFβ2 expression by sponging miR-1208, resulting in significantly enhanced phosphorylation of Smad1/5 in chondrocytes. Moreover, intra-articular injection of adeno-associated virus-sh-circCrebbp alleviated osteoarthritis in a mouse model of destabilization of the medial meniscus. Our findings reveal a critical role for circCREBBP in the progression of osteoarthritis and provide a potential target for osteoarthritis therapy.

Cloning, Expression, and Characterization of Para-Aminobenzoic Acid (PABA) Synthase from Agaricus bisporus 02, a Thermotolerant Mushroom Strain

( Li Xin Deng ),( Yue Mao Shen ),( Si Yang Song ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2015 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.25 No.1

The pabS gene of Agaricus bisporus 02 encoding a putative PABA synthase was cloned, and then the recombinant protein was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 under the control of the T7 promoter. The enzyme with an N-terminal GST tag or His tag, designated GST-AbADCS or His-AbADCS, was purified with glutathione Sepharose 4B or Ni Sepharose 6 Fast Flow. The enzyme was an aminodeoxychorismate synthase, and it was necessary to add with an aminodeoxychorismate lyase for synthesizing PABA. AbADCS has maximum activity at a temperature of approximately 25oC and pH 8.0. Magnesium or manganese ions were necessary for the enzymatic activity. The Michaelis-Menten constant for chorismate was 0.12 mM, and 2.55 mM for glutamine. H2O2 did distinct damage on the activity of the enzyme, which could be slightly recovered by Hsp20. Sulfydryl reagents could remarkably promote its activity, suggesting that cysteine residues are essential for catalytic function.