A Systematic Literature Survey of Software Metrics, Code Smells and Refactoring Techniques

Mansi Agnihotri,Anuradha Chug 한국정보처리학회 2020 Journal of information processing systems Vol.16 No.4

Software refactoring is a process to restructure an existing software code while keeping its external behavior the same. Currently, various refactoring techniques are being used to develop more readable and less complex codes by improving the nonfunctional attributes of software. Refactoring can further improve code maintainability by applying various techniques to the source code, which in turn preserves the behavior of code. Refactoring facilitates bug removal and extends the capabilities of the program. In this paper, an exhaustive review is conducted regarding bad smells present in source code, applications of specific refactoring methods to remove that bad smell and its effect on software quality. A total of 68 studies belonging to 32 journals, 31 conferences, and 5 other sources that were published between the years 2001 and 2019 were shortlisted. The studies were analyzed based on of bad smells identified, refactoring techniques used, and their effects on software metrics. We found that “long method”, “feature envy”, and “data class” bad smells were identified orcorrected in the majority of studies. “Feature envy” smell was detected in 36.66% of the total shortlisted studies. Extract class refactoring approach was used in 38.77% of the total studies, followed by the move method and extract method techniques that were used in 34.69% and 30.61% of the total studies, respectively. The effectsof refactoring on complexity and coupling metrics of software were also analyzed in the majority of studies, i.e., 29 studies each. Interestingly, the majority of selected studies (41%) used large open source datasets written in Java language instead of proprietary software. At the end, this study provides future guidelines for conductingresearch in the field of code refactoring.

Steel Surface Defect Detection using the RetinaNet Detection Model

Mansi Sharma,임종태,채의근 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2022 International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting an Vol.14 No.2

Some surface defects make the weak quality of steel materials. To limit these defects, we advocate a onestage detector model RetinaNet among diverse detection algorithms in deep learning. There are several backbones in the RetinaNet model. We acknowledged two backbones, which are ResNet50 and VGG19. To validate our model, we compared and analyzed several traditional models, one-stage models like YOLO and SSD models and two-stage models like Faster-RCNN, EDDN, and Xception models, with simulations based on steel individual classes. We also performed the correlation of the time factor between one-stage and twostage models. Comparative analysis shows that the proposed model achieves excellent results on the dataset of the Northeastern University surface defect detection dataset. We would like to work on different backbones to check the efficiency of the model for real world, increasing the datasets through augmentation and focus on improving our limitation.

Unveiling the latent consumer values from art-infused products: A qualitative approach

Gupta Mansi,Joshi Rakesh Mohan 한국마케팅과학회 2023 Journal of Global Fashion Marketing Vol.14 No.2

Product design is often the first point of contact between the consumer and firm through an internet search, advertisements or retail aisles and art is an innovative way to transform it and grab eyeballs. Hence, this study aims to recognize and categorize latent consumer values that interplay the mental map of the consumers while consuming the art-infused products using mean end chain analysis and the Laddering approach. Data collected through n = 39 face-to-face in-depth interviews from individuals with both inclina- tion and aversion towards art, helped us to identify Functional (premium quality), Hedonic (social interaction, knowledge-seeking, and sense of joy and peace), and Symbolic (reflect personality, uniqueness, and seek attention) values. Moreover, it highlights the practical applications that can facilitate marketers to cater to their target consumers’ desired values.

Case report on combining PRF with alloplastic bone substitute in Endo-Perio lesion

Bansal Mansi,Khatri Manish,Puri Komal 대한치과보존학회 2021 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.46 No.3

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Synergistic Effect of Essential Oils and Enterocin Produced by Enterococcus faecalis MSW5 against Foodborne Pathogens

Shukla Mansi,Gupte Shilpa 한국미생물·생명공학회 2024 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.52 No.1

This study determines the combinatorial effect of enterocin MSW5 and five essential oils (EOs- Thymus vulgaris, Cymbopogon martini, Origanum vulgare, Cinnamomum zeylanicum, and Cymbopogon citrus) against Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, and Salmonella Typhimurium. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration of each antimicrobial agent was determined. The MIC of enterocin MSW5 against test pathogens was in the following order: S. aureus (0.362 ± 0.01), S. Typhimurium (0.362 ± 0.05 mg/ml), L. monocytogenes (0.725 ± 0.08 mg/ml). Among all EOs, maximum activity was observed in the case of C. zeylanicum against S. aureus (78.12 ± 0.04 ppm), S. Typhimurium (78.12 ± 0.08 ppm), and L. monocytogenes (39.00 ± 0.05 ppm). Further, the checkerboard assay was used to determine the synergistic effect between antimicrobial agents and enterocin MSW5 in combination with C. zeylanicum has shown significant synergism with the Fraction Inhibitory Concentration index (0.372) against test pathogens. Additionally, individual EOs and enterocin MSW5 have shown anti-biofilm activity, whereas their combined use has shown more significant antibiofilm activity. The maximum anti-biofilm activity was observed with the combination of enterocin MSW5 and O. vulgares against S. aureus (92.86 ± 0.06%) and S. Typhimurium (73.63 ± 0.23%) and a combination of enterocin MSW5 and C. citrus against L. monocytogenes (87.84 ± 0.15%). Therefore, combinations of antimicrobial compounds can control the growth of foodborne pathogens better than the individual agent.

인도 비공식 경제의 단체교섭

Shalini Trivedi,Mansi Shah 한국노동연구원 2019 국제노동브리프 Vol.17 No.9

Interpretation of Impedance Data on High-resolution Impedance Manometry Studies—A Worldwide Survey

Lev Dorfman,Sherief Mansi,,Khalil El-Chammas,Chunyan Liu,Ajay Kaul 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2024 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.30 No.1

Background/AimsEsophageal manometry is the gold standard for esophageal motility evaluation. High-resolution esophageal manometry with impedance (HRIM) allows concurrent assessment of bolus transit and manometry. Inconsistencies between concomitant impedance and manometry data pose a clinical dilemma and has not yet been addressed. We aim to assess interpretation trends of HRIM data among gastroenterologists worldwide. MethodsA cross-sectional study using an anonymous survey was conducted among gastroenterologists worldwide. Statistical analysis was performed to compare responses between providers. ResultsWe received responses from 107 gastroenterologists (26 countries). Most were adult providers (69, 64.5%), and most (77, 72.0%) had > 5 years of experience. Impedance was found to be helpful by 83 (77.6%) participants, but over 30% reported inconsistencies between impedance and manometry data. With incomplete bolus clearance and normal manometry 41 (38.7%) recommended observation, 41 (38.7%) recommended 24-hours pH-impedance, and 16 (15.1%) recommended prokinetics. With abnormal manometry and complete bolus clearance, 60 (57.1%) recommended observation while 18 (17.1%) recommended 24-hours pH impedance and 15 (14.3%) recommended prokinetics. A significant difference was found between providers from different continents in treating cases with discrepancy between impedance and manometry findings (P < 0.001). No significant differences were seen in responses between adult versus pediatric providers and between providers with different years of experience. ConclusionsThere is no consensus on interpreting HRIM data. Providers’ approaches to studies with inconsistencies between manometry and impedance data vary. There is an unmet need for guidelines on interpreting impedance data in HRIM studies.

Does Live Streaming Allure the Unrestrained Buying Behavior?

Satinder Kumar,Garima Kathuria,Mansi Rani 한국경영정보학회 2024 Asia Pacific Journal of Information Systems Vol.34 No.2

E-commerce has grown to be perceived as an integral component of modern customers’ lives. Fast innovation enables businesses to implement new business ideas that enhance customers’ shopping experiences. The motive is to study the allurement of unrestrained buying behaviors resulting from Live Streaming Commerce in the presence of Emotional imagery. The conceptual model and hypotheses for the study have been framed based on the SOR model. A survey was conducted in north India, where data was collected from 577 consumers experiencing live streaming and analyzed with the help of AMOS and SPSS software. The repulsive behavior scale has been developed by using qualitative research. The findings revealed that there is a significant relationship between the stimulus of livestreaming and unrestrained buying behaviors with the mediating role of emotional imagination. Two crucial mediating factors, pleasure, and arousal (fervent imagination), have successfully predicted experiential shopping behavior. The study has implications for online marketers and policymakers, as marketers can use our developed model to understand consumers’ different buying behaviors, and policymakers can select and design specific features for the social presence of live streaming. Integrating three different types of unrestrained buying behavior influenced by live streaming would add to the literature. The study adds value to the literature by developing a scale to measure repulsive behavior after testing and validating with experts.

Characterization of genes coding for galacturonosyltransferaselike (GATL) proteins in rice

Shaobo Li,Jinlong Liu,Mansi Luo,Xin Yan,Chao Yu 한국유전학회 2016 Genes & Genomics Vol.38 No.10

In the present study, seven galacturonosyltransferase- like (GATL) genes (OsGATLs) in rice (Oryza sativa L.) were genome-widely identified and the chromosomal locations and the gene structures of which were characterized. Under normal condition, OsGATL2 and OsGATL3 are highly expressed in root, while OsGATL4 is highly expressed in stem and leaf. Many cis-elements related to stress response and plant hormone were found in the promoter sequence of each OsGATL. The expression patterns of these OsGATL genes under treatment with abscisic acid (ABA), drought and low temperature were assessed by qRT-PCR. The expression levels of most OsGATLs significantly increased following the treatments with drought or low temperature. In addition, physicochemical properties of OsGATLs and phylogenetic analysis with GATL from rice and several other species were performed. 3D structures and protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of OsGATLs were further predicted by Swiss-model and STRING 9.0 database, respectively. The identification and bioinformatic analysis of GATL family in rice could provide reference data for further study on their biological functions, especially in the responsiveness to hormones and stress signaling.

A Hybrid Approach for Dehazing Images

Aditi,Shailender Gupta,Mansi Dua 보안공학연구지원센터 2014 International Journal of Hybrid Information Techno Vol.7 No.3