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- 저자 : Mahmud, Jamil (검색결과 212 건)
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The application of augmented reality for improving clinical skills: a scoping review
Mahmud Mahmud,Sari Dwi Cahyani Ratna,Sari Djayanti,Arfian Nur,Zucha Muhammad Ary 한국의학교육학회 2024 Korean journal of medical education Vol.36 No.1
Augmented reality technology had developed rapidly in recent years and had been applied in many fields, including medical education. Augmented reality had potential to improve students’ knowledge and skills in medical education. This scoping review primarily aims to further elaborate the current studies on the implementation of augmented reality in advancing clinical skills. This study was conducted by utilizing electronic databases such as PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science in June 2022 for articles focusing on the use of augmented reality for improving clinical skills. The Rayyan website was used to screen the articles that met the inclusion criteria, which was the application of augmented reality as a learning method in medical education. Total of 37 articles met the inclusion criteria. These publications suggested that using augmented reality could improve clinical skills. The most researched topics explored were laparoscopic surgery skills and ophthalmology were the most studied topic. The research methods applied in the articles fall into two main categories: randomized control trial (RCT) (29.3%) and non-RCT (70.3%). Augmented reality has the potential to be integrated in medical education, particularly to boost clinical studies. Due to limited databases, however, any further studies on the implementation of augmented reality as a method to enhance skills in medical education need to be conducted.
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Mostofa Mahmud HASAN(Mostofa Mahmud HASAN ),BM Sajjad HOSSAIN(BM Sajjad HOSSAIN ),Md. Abu SAYEM(Md. Abu SAYEM ),Mahnaz AFSAR(Mahnaz AFSAR ) 한국유통과학회 2022 유통과학연구 Vol.20 No.11
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of agricultural exports and imports on economic growth in Bangladesh and propose an upgraded and customized model of the supply chain for agribusiness growth in Bangladesh to achieve plain sailing and systematic operation and financial gains at home and abroad. Research design, data, and methodology: All data in the research have been collected from secondary sources. Gross domestic product was used as the dependent variable and exports and imports of agricultural products were used as independent variables. Pairwise Granger causality was utilized to see the impact of the variable responsible for the economic growth in Bangladesh and the causal relationship between the variables analyzed was measured using Johansen co-integration test. Results: From the empirical analysis, the researchers observed that agricultural commodity imports and exports have a unidirectional impact on economic growth in Bangladesh and a long-run causal link with economic growth in Bangladesh. The suggested supply chain model of agnbusiness aids in achieving smooth operations, systematic management, and monetary gains both domestically and internationally. Conclusions: This paper contnbutes to the development of a more effective and profitable agribusiness supply chain in Bangladesh systematically through their theoretical and practical implications.
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Mahmud, Md. Iqbal,Cho, Haeng Muk 대한기계학회 2014 KSME journal Vol. No.
To meet the demand of improved comfort for passengers, drive ability and standard in fuel economy; external variable displacement swash (wobble) plate type compressors are used in automobile air conditioning control system because of their low energy consumption and highly efficient characteristics. It controls the compressor displacement by increasing or reducing the swash plate angle. Solenoid operated electromagnetic control valve (ECV) in the compressor controls the air conditioning system by means of a pulse width modulation (PWM) input signal supplied from an external source (controller). The mechanism changes the swash plate angle by increasing or reducing the pressure of swash plate chamber using the ECV functions. The force (solenoid) for ECV operation is important as the force directly related to the movement of the internal feature i.e. mainly plunger of the ECV which is responsible for the amount of air/refrigerant flow that results the air conditioning control procedures with various pressure ports. The research paper highlights the improved theory and equation for calculating the working force (solenoid force) in ECV and experimental analysis of 3 (three) ECV samples followed by the comparison of theoretical and experimental force results.
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Mahmud, Foyez,Jeon, Ok-Cheol,Al-Hilal, Taslim A.,Kweon, Seho,Yang, Victor C.,Lee, Dong Soo,Byun, Youngro American Chemical Society 2015 MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS Vol.12 No.6
<P>Currently, oral administration of insulin still remains the best option to avoid the burden of repeated subcutaneous injections and to improve its pharmacokinetics. The objective of the present investigation was to demonstrate the absorption mechanism of insulin in the physical complexation of deoxycholyl-<SMALL>l</SMALL>-lysyl-methylester (DCK) for oral delivery. The oral insulin/DCK complex was prepared by making a physical complex of insulin aspart with DCK through ion-pair interaction in water. For the cellular uptake study, fluorescein-labeled insulin or DCK were prepared according to a standard protocol and applied to Caco-2 or MDCK cell lines. For the PK/PD studies, we performed intrajejunal administration of different formulation of insulin/DCK complex to diabetic rats. The resulting insulin and DCK complex demonstrated greatly enhanced lipophilicity as well as increased permeation across Caco-2 monolayers. The immunofluorescence study revealed the distribution of the complex in the cytoplasm of Caco-2 cells. Moreover, in the apical sodium bile acid transporter (ASBT) transfected MDCK, the insulin/DCK complex showed interaction with ASBT, and also demonstrated absorption through passive diffusion. We could not find that any evidence of endocytosis in relation to the uptake of insulin complex in vitro. In the rat intestine model, the highest absorption of insulin complex was observed in the jejunum at 1 h and then in the ileum at 2–4 h. In PK/PD study, the complex showed a similar PK profile to that of SC insulin. Overall, the study showed that the effect of DCK on enhancing the absorption of insulin resulted from transcellular processes as well as bile acid transporter activity.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/mpohbp/2015/mpohbp.2015.12.issue-6/mp500626a/production/images/medium/mp-2014-00626a_0009.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/mp500626a'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
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The Impact of Remittances on Monetary Variables Lower Middle Income Countries
Mahmud Hasan Shah,Changkon Choi,Syeda Fatima Zahid 전북대학교 산업경제연구소 2017 아태경상저널 Vol.9 No.1
Remittances area Stable source of financial volatility for remittance-receiving countries, although capital flows have fallen sharply for lower middle income countries during recent years. This study examines the relationships between remittances andthe monetary transmission channel, aside from the exogenously imposed assumption of price rigidity. The model is built up from microeconomic foundations and is analyzed using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) co-integration framework for the lower middle income countries with the highest remittances as a percentage share of GDP in 2013. The results, based on the bounds testing procedure, confirm that a stable, long-run relationship exists between remittance growth and monetary variables. The empirical results show that there is a unique co-integrated and stable long-run relationship among broad money growth, GDP growth, inflation rate, official exchange rate, and real interest rate for all eight counties. We find that the remittance elasticity coefficients are mixed and inconsistent for each individual country among the lower middle income countries. Our results also reveal that, after incorporating the CUSUM and the Cumulative Sum of Recursive Residuals (CUSUMSQ) rests, the remittance function was stable was stable between 1980 and 2014. This finding therefore explain the monetary nature of the transfersin the presence of remittances and financial developments in the financial sector.
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Mahmud, Imam,Rahaman, Taifur,Wazedi, Al,Kawai, Kawai 통신위성우주산업연구회 2004 Joint Conference on Satellite Communications Vol.2004 No.-
Satellite communications are the outcome of research in the area of communications in which the objective is to achieve ever increasing ranges and capacities with the lowest possible costs. With a conventional signal beam satellite the transmission capacity is limited due to its low antenna gain, so a multibeam satellite which can make the antenna gain much higher is prospective. In the multibeam system an onboard switching device is necessary to interconnect among beams. For example, the payload for SS-TDMA includes a programmable switch matrix having a number of inputs and outputs equal to the number of beams. This paper proposes a new alternative system for controlling the interconnection without onboard switch devices. This system uses Hadamard-coded CDMA as a multiple access scheme and a Multiport coupler onboard. Each earth station chooses the appropriate Hadamard code corresponding to the destination beam. The satellite which includes passive circuits using a multiport coupler autonomously controls the routing of the CDMA signals transmitted from earth stations. This system can be used effectively for sending signals from a source to a destination beam and reduces the controlling complexity. This paper presents a system model which can eliminate the onboard switching in the satellite and also the performance of the system.
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A Fully Distributed Resource Allocation Mechanism for CRNs without Using a Common Control Channel
Mahmud, Adil,Lee, Youngdoo,Koo, Insoo Hindawi Limited 2015 Mathematical problems in engineering Vol.2015 No.-
<P>Spatial and temporal variations in the available spectrum for cognitive devices add additional complexity in designing a medium access strategy for cognitive radio (CR) networks. To ease this complication, a common control channel (CCC) is often used as a common platform to exchange control messages, so the CR users can make decisions concerning resource allocation. Much of the literature in this area opts for forming groups and negotiating a CCC from the available channels rather than considering a dedicated common control channel. However, if a primary user appears on the CCC, all the CR users have to vacate that channel and negotiate another CCC, and thus overhead continues to grow with an agile primary network. We propose a medium access control protocol that can work in the absence of a CCC and reduce the possible overhead to a greater extent. In our proposed protocol, CR users take advantage of similar spectrum availability in their neighborhood for resource utilization. We also propose a contention-based spectrum allocation mechanism that works in a distributed manner over different available channels. Simulation results show that this approach can reduce broadcast overhead significantly while maintaining connectivity success similar to its counterparts.</P>
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