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Lim, Saehee,Lee, Meehye,Czimczik, Claudia I.,Joo, Taekyu,Holden, Sandra,Mouteva, Gergana,Santos, Guaciara M.,Xu, Xiaomei,Walker, Jennifer,Kim, Saewung,Kim, Hyun Seok,Kim, Soyoung,Lee, Sanguk Elsevier 2019 Science of the Total Environment Vol.655 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Isotopes are essential tools to apportion major sources of aerosols. We measured the radiocarbon, stable carbon, and stable nitrogen isotopic composition of PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> at Taehwa Research Forest (TRF) near Seoul Metropolitan Area (SMA) during August–October 2014. PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>, TC, and TN concentrations were 19.4 ± 10.1 μg m<SUP>−3</SUP>, 2.6 ± 0.8 μg C m<SUP>−3</SUP>, and 1.4 ± 1.4 μg N m<SUP>−3</SUP>, respectively. The δ<SUP>13</SUP>C of TC and the δ<SUP>15</SUP>N of TN were − 25.4 ± 0.7‰ and 14.6 ± 3.8‰, respectively. EC was dominated by fossil-fuel sources with F<SUB>ff</SUB> (EC) of 78 ± 7%. In contrast, contemporary sources were dominant for TC with F<SUB>c</SUB> (TC) of 76 ± 7%, revealing the significant contribution of contemporary sources to OC during the growing season. The isotopic signature carries more detailed information on sources depending on air mass trajectories. The urban influence was dominant under stagnant condition, which was in reasonable agreement with the estimated δ<SUP>15</SUP>N of NH<SUB>4</SUB> <SUP>+</SUP>. The low δ<SUP>15</SUP>N (7.0 ± 0.2‰) with high TN concentration was apparent in air masses from Shandong province, indicating fossil fuel combustion as major emission source. In contrast, the high δ<SUP>15</SUP>N (16.1 ± 3.2‰) with enhanced TC/TN ratio reveals the impact of biomass burning in the air transported from the far eastern border region of China and Russia. Our findings highlight that the multi-isotopic composition is a useful tool to identify emission sources and to trace regional sources of carbonaceous and nitrogen aerosols.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> For PM<SUB>2.5</SUB>, the average δ<SUP>13</SUP>C of TC and δ<SUP>15</SUP>N of TN were −25.4 ± 0.7‰ and 14.6 ± 3.8‰respectively. </LI> <LI> EC and TC were dominated by fossil-fuel (78 ± 7%) and contemporary (76 ± 7%) sources, respectively. </LI> <LI> Low δ<SUP>15</SUP>N (7.0 ± 0.2‰) with high TN concentration was evident in air masses from Shandong province. </LI> <LI> Multi-isotopic composition is useful to trace regional sources of PM<SUB>2.5</SUB> aerosol. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>δ<SUP>13</SUP>C of TC versus f<SUB>M</SUB> (EC) for different levels of δ<SUP>15</SUP>N of TN observed at Taehwa Research Forest (TRF) and Gosan Climate Observatory (GCO). TRF samples were classified into groups according to air mass origin.</P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Blockade of cannabinoid 1 receptor improves GLP-1R mediated insulin secretion in mice
Gonzalez-Mariscal, I.,Krzysik-Walker, S.M.,Kim, W.,Rouse, M.,Egan, J.M. North-Holland 2016 Molecular and cellular endocrinology Vol.423 No.-
<P>The cannabinoid 1 receptor (CBI) is an important regulator of energy metabolism. Reports of in vivo and in vitro studies give conflicting results regarding its role in insulin secretion, possibly due to circulatory factors, such as incretins. We hypothesized that this receptor may be a regulator of the entero-insular axis. We found that despite lower food consumption and lower body weight postprandial GLP-1 plasma concentrations were increased in CB1(-/-) mice compared to CB1(+/+) mice administered a standard diet or high fat/sugar diet. Upon exogenous GLP-1 treatment, CB1(-/-) mice had increased glucose stimulated insulin secretion. In mouse insulinoma cells, cannabinoids reduced GLP-1R-mediated intracellular CAMP accumulation and subsequent insulin secretion. Importantly, such effects were also evident in human islets, and were prevented by pharmacologic blockade of CB1. Collectively, these findings suggest a novel mechanism in which endocannabinoids are negative modulators of incretin-mediated insulin secretion. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.</P>
An eight-user UMTS channel unit Processor for 3GPP base station applications
Prokop, T.,Thomas, C.,Bickerstaff, M.,Niemasz, J.,Bernadac, P.,Saintot, P.,Laufer, R.,Bescher, D.,Michel, R.,Walker, B.,Derriennic, F.,Burban, N.,Le Pape, E.,Moreau, J.P.,Cha, I.,Angioni, S.,Mhirsi, K IEEE 2004 IEEE journal of solid-state circuits Vol.39 No.9
We present a multi-user W-CDMA baseband channel unit processor for cellular base station applications. The ASIC is compliant with the 3GPP/UMTS standard and exceeds 3GPP minimum requirements for high-speed data by 2.2-6.2 dB. It supports up to eight users simultaneously, with a mix of voice and data services and a maximum uplink data rate of 384 kb/s and maximum downlink data rate of 2 Mb/s. The ASIC implements preamble detection, searching, demodulation RAKE-finger processing, channel coding/decoding for voice and data services, and transmission functions. It is coupled to a DSP to form a complete channel element for eight users.
Hee-Sung Chae,Olivia Dale,Tahir M. Mir,Mohammad K. Ashfaq,Bharathi Avula,Larry A. Walker,Ikhlas A. Khan,Shabana I. Khan 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Journal of medicinal food Vol.26 No.5
The berries of Juniperus communis have been traditionally used for therapeutic purposes. They have been reported to possess various pharmacological effects such as anti-inflammatory, hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activities. In this study, a methanolic extract of J. communis berries (JB) was evaluated for its effects on peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma (PPARα and PPARγ), liver X receptor (LXR), glucose uptake and lipid accumulation using various cellular systems. At a concentration of 25 μg/mL, JB caused 3.77-fold activation of PPARα, 10.90-fold activation of PPARγ, and 4.43-fold activation of LXR in hepatic cells. JB inhibited (11%) the adipogenic effect induced by rosiglitazone in adipocytes and increased glucose uptake (90%) in muscle cells. In high-fat diet (HFD) fed mice, JB at a dose of 25 mg/kg body weight exhibited a 21% decrease in body weight. Fasting glucose levels in mice treated with 12.5 mg/kg of JB were significantly decreased (39%) indicating its efficacy in regulating hyperglycemia and obesity induced by HFD thus ameliorating the symptoms of type 2 diabetes. A series of energy metabolic genes, including Sirt1 (2.00-fold) and RAF1 (2.04-fold), were upregulated by JB, while rosiglitazone regulated the hepatic PPARγ only. Phytochemical analysis of JB indicated presence of a number of flavonoids and biflavonoids which seem to be responsible for the observed activity. It was concluded that JB acted as a multiple agonist of PPARα, PPARγ and LXR without the undesired effect of adipogenesis and exhibited the property of enhancing glucose uptake. The regulation of PPARα, PPARγ and LXR seems to be through Sirt1 and RAF1. In vivo results confirmed the antidiabetic and antiobesity potential of JB and indicated its utility in metabolic disorder and type 2 diabetes.
Achievements and lessons learned from the operation of KSTAR plasma control system upgrade
Hahn, Sang-hee,Penaflor, B.G.,Milne, P.G.,Bak, J.G.,Eidietis, N.W.,Han, H.,Hong, J.S.,Jeon, Y.M.,Johnson, R.D.,Kim, H.-S.,Kim, HeungSu,Kim, Y.J.,Kwon, G.I.,Lee, W.R.,Woo, M.H.,Sammuli, B.S.,Walker, M. Elsevier 2018 Fusion engineering and design Vol.130 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Results on the integration and the operation of the KSTAR plasma control system (PCS) upgrade are given. Real-time hardware, new realtime-capable operating system, and a brand-new data acquisition are assembled in order to extend the performance and compatibility with modern computer systems. The first full commissioning and eventual routine use performed in 2016 so that the system can now acquire more than 400 channels for more than 100 seconds of data with 5 kHz sampling. The performance test results are summarized, featuring In/Out streaming echo tests and the synchronization verifications. Examples of general performance improvements are demonstrated, and additional features added to the software are also described.</P>