<i>CYP2D6</i> Genotype and Adjuvant Tamoxifen: Meta-Analysis of Heterogeneous Study Populations

Province, M A,Goetz, M P,Brauch, H,Flockhart, D A,Hebert, J M,Whaley, R,Suman, V J,Schroth, W,Winter, S,Zembutsu, H,Mushiroda, T,Newman, W G,Lee, M-T M,Ambrosone, C B,Beckmann, M W,Choi, J-Y,Dieudonn& C. V. Mosby 2014 Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics Vol. No.

<P>The International Tamoxifen Pharmacogenomics Consortium was established to address the controversy regarding cytochrome P450 2D6 (<I>CYP2D6</I>) status and clinical outcomes in tamoxifen therapy. We performed a meta-analysis on data from 4,973 tamoxifen-treated patients (12 globally distributed sites). Using strict eligibility requirements (postmenopausal women with estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer, receiving 20 mg/day tamoxifen for 5 years, criterion 1); CYP2D6 poor metabolizer status was associated with poorer invasive disease–free survival (IDFS: hazard ratio = 1.25; 95% confidence interval = 1.06, 1.47; <I>P</I> = 0.009). However, <I>CYP2D6</I> status was not statistically significant when tamoxifen duration, menopausal status, and annual follow-up were not specified (criterion 2, <I>n</I> = 2,443; <I>P</I> = 0.25) or when no exclusions were applied (criterion 3, <I>n</I> = 4,935; <I>P</I> = 0.38). Although <I>CYP2D6</I> is a strong predictor of IDFS using strict inclusion criteria, because the results are not robust to inclusion criteria (these were not defined <I>a priori</I>), prospective studies are necessary to fully establish the value of <I>CYP2D6</I> genotyping in tamoxifen therapy.</P>

CERTAIN MODULAR RELATIONS FOR REMARKABLE PRODUCT OF THETA-FUNCTIONS

M. S. MAHADEVA NAIKA,K. Sushan Bairy,N. P. SUMAN 장전수학회 2014 Proceedings of the Jangjeon mathematical society Vol.17 No.3

At scattered places of his second notebook, Ramanujan recorded several P Q mixed modular equations with four moduli. In this paper, we establish several new P Q mixed modular equations analogous to those recorded by Ramanujan in his notebooks. Employing these, we establish new modular relations for Ramanujan's remarkable product of theta-functions.

Antihyperlipidemic Effect of Active Principle Isolated from Seed of Eugenia jambolana on Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rabbits

Suman B. Sharma,Reenu S. Tanwar,Afreena Nasir,Krishna M. Prabhu 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.4

Diabetes is accompanied by lipid abnormalities, which contribute significantly to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in diabetic patients. We previously demonstrated the potent antihyperglycemic activity of the active principle (fraction II from Sephadex LH 20 chromatography [LH II]) isolated from ethanolic seed extract of Eugenia jambolana in diabetic rabbits. In the present study, the efficacy of LH II was evaluated for its hypolipidemic activity in alloxan-induced mildly diabetic (MD) and severely diabetic (SD) rabbits. Phytochemical investigation of LH II by various structural spectra showed the presence of saturated fatty acid, Δ5 lipid, and sterol. Oral administration of LH II (10 mg/kg of body weight) for 21 days resulted in improved glycemic control in both MD and SD rabbits. After treatment with LH II, serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and the total cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio were significantly improved. LH II also resulted in significant (P < .001) improvement in 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase activity and levels of total lipids and glycogen in both MD and SD rabbits. Thus, the present study demonstrates that LH II possesses potent hypolipidemic activity and efficacy in both MD and SD rabbits.

Studies on thermal and swelling properties of Poly (NIPAM-co-2-HEA) based hydrogels

Shekhar, Suman,Mukherjee, M.,Sen, Akhil Kumar Techno-Press 2012 Advances in materials research Vol.1 No.4

Thermoresponsive hydrogels based on N-Isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and 2-Hydroxyethylacrylate (HEA) were prepared by free radical polymerization. The hydrogels were characterized by elemental (CHN) analysis, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA). DSC thermogram showed two endothermic transitions which are due to hydration of water present in different environments. One near $0^{\circ}C$ called melting transition of ice and was used to calculate the quantitative determination of the amounts of freezing and non freezing water. The other transition above the ambient temperature was due to the combination of hydrophobic hydration and hydrophilic hydration which changes with the copolymer compositions. Swelling and deswelling studies of the hydrogels were carried out using the aqueous media, salt and urea solutions. The experimental results from swelling studies revealed that copolymers have lower rates of swelling and deswelling than the homopolymer.

Perception and Practices on Screening and Vaccination for Carcinoma Cervix among Female Healthcare Professional in Tertiary Care Hospitals in Bangalore, India

Swapnajaswanth, M.,Suman, G.,Suryanarayana, S.P.,Murthy, N.S. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.15

Background:Cervical cancer is potentially the most preventable and treatable cancer. Despite the known efficacy of cervical screening, a significant number of women do not avail themselves of the procedure due to lack of awareness. Objectives: This study was conducted to elicit information on the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) regarding screening (Pap test) and vaccination for carcinoma cervix among female doctors and nurses in a tertiary care hospital in Bangalore and to assess barriers to acceptance of the Pap test. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted with semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire among female health professionals. The study subjects were interviewed for KAP regarding risk factors for cancer cervix, Pap test and HPV vaccination for protection against carcinoma cervix. Results: Higher proportion of doctors 45 (78.9%) had very good knowledge as compared to only 13 (13.3%) of the nurses, about risk factors for cancer cervix and Pap test (p=0.001). As many as 138(89.6%) of the study subjects had favorable attitude towards Pap test and vaccination, but 114 (73.6%) of the study subjects never had a Pap test and the most common reason 35 (31%) for not practicing was absence of disease symptoms. Conclusions: In spite of good knowledge and attitudes towards cancer cervix and Pap test being good, practice remained low among the study subjects and most common reasons for not undergoing Pap test was absence of disease symptoms. The independent predictors of ever having a Pap test done was found to be the occupation and duration of married life above 9yrs. Hence there is a strong need to improve uptake of Pap test by health professionals by demystifying the barriers.

Synthesis and evaluation of bio-compatible cholinium amino acid ionic liquids for lubrication applications

Aathira M.S.,Praveen K. Khatri,Suman L. Jain 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.64 No.-

Cholinium amino acid ionic liquids ([Ch][AA] ILs), composed of renewable biomaterials have recently gained considerable importance in synthetic organic chemistry. In the present study, a series of ([Ch][AA] ILs) with different amino acids such as aspartic acid [Asp], glutamic acid [Glu] and histidine [His] were synthesized. A detailed characterization both structurally and physico-chemically was performed using various analytical techniques.The tribo-performance of synthesized ILs as additives was tested to base oil PEG 200 at varying concentration under the regime of boundary lubrication. Results of tribo-performances revealed that all three ([Ch][AA] ILs) displayed excellent anti-wear and friction reduction properties. The highly viscous nature, inherent polarity and high thermal stability of the ILs suggested that they can form a protective layer to prevent direct contact between tribo-surfaces.

Elucidation of Mechanism of Action of Cassia auriculata Leaf Extract for Its Antidiabetic Activity in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Shipra Gupta,Suman B. Sharma,Usha R. Singh,Surendra K. Bansal,Krishna M. Prabhu 한국식품영양과학회 2010 Journal of medicinal food Vol.13 No.3

Cassia auriculata traditionally has been used to treat diabetes from ancient times. The objective of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of action for the antidiabetic activity of aqueous leaf extract of C. auriculata (CLEt) in streptozotocin-induced mildly diabetic (MD) and severely diabetic (SD) rats. CLEt was orally administered to MD and SD rats at a dose of 400mg/kg once a day for 15 days. CLEt-treated MD and SD rats showed significant reduction in fasting blood glucose. Assessment of plasma insulin and C-peptide following treatment with CLEt revealed significant elevation in their levels. Administration of CLEt enhanced the activity of hepatic hexokinase and phosphofructokinase and suppressed glucose-6-phosphatase and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase in both MD and SD rats. A significant rise in glycogen content was also observed in both liver and muscles of CLEt-fed MD and SD rats. Histopathological examination of pancreatic sections revealed increased number of islets and β-cells in CLEt-treated MD as well as SD rats. The findings of the study suggest that the antidiabetic effect of CLEt could be due to its insulinogenic action. In addition, impaired glucose homeostasis was improved by feeding the extract through amelioration in the carbohydrate metabolic pathways. Thus, the extract may exert an antidiabetic effect through pancreatic as well as extrapancreatic action.

Aqueous extract of Piper betle L. leaf and Areca catechu L. nut protects against pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures and positively modulates cognitive function in adult Zebrafish

Abhishek P. R. Nadig,Suman,M. Sahyadri,Seema Mehdi,K. L. Krishna 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2023 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.23 No.4

Piper betle L. (BL) is a popular medicinal plant in Asia. BL has been used as a traditional medicine to treat various health conditions. Areca catechu L. nut (AN) is an important traditional Chinese medicine, which has been used since antiquity. Epilepsy is a chronic neurological illness that affects millions of people. Cognitive dysfunction and abnormal behavior are the alarming co-morbidities of epilepsy. This study aims to investigate the anti-epileptic and cognitive improvement effects of Aqueous extract of Piper betle L. (AqEBL) and Aqueous extract of Areca catechu L. nut (AqEAN) against Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced epilepsy associated cognitive dysfunction in adult Zebrafish (ZF). The extract was subjected to liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry analysis to identify its bioactive compounds. Further, molecular docking studies were carried out to understand the binding mode of various components of AqEBL and AqEAN within the active site of the gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor β3 subunit ( GABAA subunit β3). The epilepsy-associated cognitive functions were assessed by behavioral studies including, seizure-score phenotype, T-maze, color recognition, and open field test; biochemical studies including brain antioxidant status and oxidative stress indices, acetylcholine esterase activity, neurotransmitters expression levels, and histopathology study in ZF model. It was evidenced in the current study that AqEBL and AqEAN have the potential to ameliorate seizure-like behavior through the GABAA receptor pathway and improve cognitive abilities. These data indicate that AqEBL and AqEAN may be potential options for epilepsy associated cognitive impairment.

Immune Responses to Vi Capsular Polysaccharide Typhoid Vaccine in Children 2 to 16 Years Old in Karachi, Pakistan, and Kolkata, India

Ochiai, R. Leon,Khan, M. Imran,Soofi, Sajid B.,Sur, Dipika,Kanungo, Suman,You, Young Ae,Habib, M. Atif,Sahito, Shah Muhammad,Manna, Byomkesh,Dutta, Shanta,Acosta, Camilo J.,Ali, Mohammad,Bhattacharya, American Society for Microbiology 2014 CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY Vol.21 No.5

<P>The geometric mean concentration (GMC) and the proportion maintaining a protective level (150 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) units [ELU]/ml) 2 years following a single dose of 25 μg of injectable Vi capsular polysaccharide typhoid vaccine was measured against that of the control hepatitis A vaccine in children 2 to 16 years old in cluster randomized trials in Karachi and Kolkata. The GMC for the Vi group (1,428 ELU/ml) was statistically significantly different from the GMC of the control hepatitis A vaccine group (86 ELU/ml) after 6 weeks. A total of 117 children (95.1%) in the Vi group and 9 (7.5%) in the hepatitis A group showed a 4-fold rise in Vi IgG antibody concentrations at 6 weeks (<I>P</I> < 0.01). Protective antibody levels remained significantly different between the two groups at 2 years (38% in the Vi vaccine groups and 6% in the hepatitis A group [<I>P</I> < 0.01]). A very small proportion of younger children (2 to 5 years old) maintained protective Vi IgG antibody levels at 2 years, a result that was not statistically significantly different compared to that for the hepatitis A group (38.1% versus 10.5%). The GMCs of the Vi IgG antibody after 2 years were 133 ELU/ml for children 2 to <5 years old and 349 ELU/ml for children 5 to 16 years old. In conclusion, Vi capsular polysaccharide typhoid vaccine is immunogenic in children in settings of South Asia where typhoid is highly endemic. The antibody levels in children who received this vaccine remained higher than those in children who received the control vaccine but were significantly reduced at 2 years of follow-up.</P>

A bridged ruthenium dimer (Ru–Ru) for photoreduction of CO2 under visible light irradiation

Anurag Kumar,Pawan Kumar,Aathira M.S.,Dharmendra Pratap Singh,Babita Behera,Suman L. Jain 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.61 No.-

A bridged binuclear complex consisting of two ruthenium units (Ru–Ru) connected through a bridging ligand was synthesized, in which one unit serves as a photosensitizer, while another unit works as a catalyst. The synthesized Ru–Ru photocatalyst was tested for photoreduction of CO2 to give CO and HCOOH under visible light irradiation in the presence of triethanolamine as a sacrificial donor. The yield of CO and HCOOH was found to be 54 ppm and 28 ppm respectively after 12 h of irradiation. Due to the binding of photosensitizer and catalyst units in a single molecule via bridging ligand provides faster and efficient electron transfer from sensitizer to catalyst unit which resulted in the higher activity and better product yields.