Yeast Culture and Vitamin E Supplementation Alleviates Heat Stress in Dairy Goats

Wang, Lizhi,Wang, Zhisheng,Zou, Huawei,Peng, Quanhui Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.6

This study was conducted to determine and compare the effects of yeast yeast culture (YC) and vitamin E (VE) supplementation on endotoxin absorption and antioxidant status in lactating dairy goats suffering from heat stress (HS). Three first lactation Saanen dairy goats (body weight $30{\pm}1.5kg$) were surgically fitted with indwelling catheters in the portal vein, mesenteric vein and carotid artery, and were randomly assigned to a $3{\times}3$ Latin square design. Dietary treatments were the basal diet, and the basal diet supplemented with either 100 IU VE or 30 g YC. Goats were kept in temperature and humidity-controlled room at $35^{\circ}C$ from 8:00 to 20:00 and at $24^{\circ}C$ from 20:00 till the next morning at 8:00. The relative humidity was kept at 55%. HS increased dairy goats' rectum temperature and respiration frequency (p<0.01). HS reduced plasma flux rate of milk goats (p<0.01), but the plasma flux rate increased when the animal was under the conditions of the thermo-neutral period (p<0.01). The VE supplementation lowered dairy goats' rectum temperature during thermo-neutral period (p<0.01). Meanwhile, no significant differences were observed between the control and YC treatment in rectum temperature and respiration frequency (p>0.05). Dietary supplementation of VE and YC reduced heat stressed dairy goats' endotoxin concentration of the carotid artery and portal vein (p<0.01). However, the endotoxin concentration of the YC treatment was higher than that of the VE treatment (p<0.01). Both VE and YC supplementation decreased heat stressed dairy goats' absorption of endotoxin in portal vein (p<0.01). The endotoxin absorption of YC treatment was higher than the VE treatment (p<0.01). The addition of VE and YC decreased dairy goats' superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentration during HS and the whole experiment period (p<0.01). The addition of VE lowered SOD concentration during thermo-neutral period (p<0.01). Likewise, the addition of VE and YC lowered dairy goats' malonaldehyde (MDA) concentration during HS and the whole experimental period, and the MDA concentration in the VE treatment was lower than the YC treatment (p<0.05). The addition of VE decreased MDA concentration during thermo-neutral period. On the contrast, the addition of VE increased dairy goats total antioxidant potential (TAP) concentration during HS, thermo-neutral and the whole experimental period (p<0.01). The addition of YC increased TAP concentration only during HS period (p<0.01). It is concluded that both VE and YC are useful in alleviating HS of dairy goats by weakening endotoxin absorption and promoting antioxidant capacity. Compared with YC, VE is much more powerful in easing dairy goats HS.

Effects of Cellulase Supplementation on Nutrient Digestibility, Energy Utilization and Methane Emission by Boer Crossbred Goats

Wang, Lizhi,Xue, Bai Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2016 Animal Bioscience Vol.29 No.2

This study examined the effect of supplementing exogenous cellulase on nutrient and energy utilization. Twelve desexed Boer crossbred goats were used in a replicated $3{\times}3$ Latin square design with 23-d periods. Dietary treatments were basal diet (control, no cellulase), basal diet plus 2 g unitary cellulase/kg of total mixed ration dry matter (DM), and basal diet plus 2 g compound cellulase/kg of total mixed ration DM. Three stages of feeding trials were used corresponding to the three treatments, each comprised 23 d, with the first 14 d as the preliminary period and the following 9 d as formal trial period for metabolism trial. Total collection of feces and urine were conducted from the 4th d of the formal trial, and gas exchange measures were determined in indirect respiratory chambers in the last 3 d of the formal trial. Results showed that cellulase addition had no effect (p>0.05) on nutrient digestibility. Dietary supplementation of cellulase did not affect (p>0.05) N intake and retention in goats. Gross energy (GE) intake, fecal energy and urinary energy excretion, heat production were not affected (p>0.05) by the cellulase supplementation. Total methane emission (g/d), $CH_4$ emission as a proportion of live weight or feed intake (DM, organic matter [OM], digestible DM or digestible OM), or $CH_4$ energy output ($CH_4$-E) as a proportion of energy intake (GE, digestible energy, or metabolizable energy), were similar (p>0.05) among treatments. There was a significant (p<0.001) relationship between $CH_4$ and live weight (y = 0.645x+0.2, $R^2$ = 0.54), $CH_4$ and DM intake (y = 16.7x+1.4, $R^2$ = 0.51), $CH_4$ and OM intake (y = 18.8x+1.3, $R^2$ = 0.51) and $CH_4$-E and GE intake. Results from this study revealed that dietary supplementation of cellulase may have no effect on nutrient digestibility, nitrogen retention, energy metabolism, and methane emission in goat.

An Effective Image Coding Method using Lattice Vector Quantization in Wavelet Domain

Lizhi Zhang,Mingrui Zhang,Qinghe Pan1,Tao Wang,Zhijie Zhao,Xuesong Jin 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2014 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.7 No.2

Comparative analysis biochar and compost-induced degradation of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in soils

He, Lizhi,Fan, Shiliang,Mü,ller, Karin,Wang, Hailong,Che, Lei,Xu, Song,Song, Zhaoliang,Yuan, Guodong,Rinklebe, Jö,rg,Tsang, Daniel C.W.,Ok, Yong Sik,Bolan, Nanthi S. Elsevier 2018 Science of the Total Environment Vol.625 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In recent years, biochar has been extensively studied as a sorbent for immobilizing contaminants and minimizing their bioavailability in soils. Few studies have been conducted to evaluate the interactions between biochar and compost in soils and their impact on degradation of organic contaminants. In the present study, soils with high organic carbon content (HOC) and low organic carbon content (LOC) were spiked with 100mg·kg<SUP>−1</SUP> di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) amended with biochar derived from dead pigs, bamboo, and composted sheep manure. The soils were thereafter incubated for 112days at 25°C and periodically sampled for monitoring DEHP concentrations. Degradation of DEHP was described by a logistic model. Results showed that the initial degradation rates were slow, but accelerated after 14days of incubation. The DEHP degradation rates were higher in the HOC soils than in the LOC soils over the incubation period. The half-lives of DEHP were shorter in the LOC soils treated with pig biochar, and bamboo/pig biochar plus compost than in the untreated soil. However, there was no significant difference in the half-lives of DEHP in the HOC control and treated soils. The differential effects of soil amendments on DEHP degradation between LOC and HOC soils could be explained by the properties of the organic amendments, soil pH and the organic carbon contents of the soils.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) degraded faster in high organic matter soil. </LI> <LI> DEHP half-life declined in low organic matter soil amended with biochar and compost. </LI> <LI> Biochar had no effect on DEHP half-life in high organic matter soil. </LI> <LI> DEHP degradation accelerated after 2weeks incubation. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

Relationship between the structure and composition of rumen microorganisms and the digestibility of neutral detergent fibre in goats

Kaizhen Liu,Lizhi Wang,Tianhai Yan,Zhisheng Wang,Bai Xue,Quanhui Peng 아세아·태평양축산학회 2019 Animal Bioscience Vol.32 No.1

Objective: This experiment was conducted to compare the structure and composition of ruminal microorganisms in goats with high and low neutral detergent fibre (NDF) digestibility. Methods: Nineteen crossbred goats were used as experimental animals and fed the same total mixed rations during the 30-day pre-treatment and 6-day digestion trialperiods. All faeces were collected during the digestion period for measuring the NDF digestibility. Then, high and the low NDF digestibility individuals were chosen for the high NDF digestibility group (HFD) and low NDF digestibility group (LFD), respectively. Rumen contents were collected for total microbial DNA extraction. The V4 region of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified using universal primers of bacteria and sequenced using high-throughput sequencer. The sequences were mainly analysed by QIIME 1.8.0. Results: A total of 18,694 operational taxonomic units were obtained, within 81.98% belonged to bacteria, 6.64% belonged to archaea and 11.38% was unassigned microorganisms. Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, and Proteobacteria were the predominant microbial phyla in both groups. At the genus level, the relative abundance of fifteen microorganisms were significantly higher (p<0.05) and six microorganisms were extremely significantly higher (p<0.01) in LFD than HFD. Overall, 176 core shared genera were identified in the two groups. The relative abundance of 2 phyla, 5 classes, 10 orders, 13 families and 15 genera had a negative correlation with NDF digestibility, but only the relative abundance of Pyramidobacter had a positive correlation with NDF digestibility. Conclusion: There were substantial differences in NDF digestibility among the individual goats, and the NDF digestibility had significant correlation with the relative abundance of some ruminal microorganisms.

ISAR Image Registration Based on Line Features

Linhua Wu,Lizhi Zhao,Junling Wang,Jiaoyang Su,Weijun Cheng 한국전자파학회 2024 Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science Vol.24 No.3

Inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) image registration enables the analysis of target dynamics by comparing registered images from different viewpoints. However, it faces significant challenges due to various factors, such as the complex scattering characteristics of the target, limited availability of information, and additive noise in ISAR images. This paper proposes a novel ISAR image registration meth- od based on line features. It integrates information from both dominant scatterers and the target’s outer contour to detect lines. According to the consistency principles of multiple lines in rotation and translation, line features from different ISAR images are matched. Simulta- neously, the results of the feature matching are utilized to guide the parameter configuration for optimizing the image registration process. Comparative experiments illustrate the advantages of the proposed method in both feature extraction and registration feasibility.

Bamboo- and pig-derived biochars reduce leaching losses of dibutyl phthalate, cadmium, and lead from co-contaminated soils

Qin, Peng,Wang, Hailong,Yang, Xing,He, Lizhi,Mü,ller, Karin,Shaheen, Sabry M.,Xu, Song,Rinklebe, Jö,rg,Tsang, Daniel C.W.,Ok, Yong Sik,Bolan, Nanthi,Song, Zhaoliang,Che, Lei,Xu, Xiaoya Elsevier 2018 CHEMOSPHERE - Vol.198 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Biochar effect on the potential mobility of dibutyl phthalate (DBP), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in co-contaminated soils is not well investigated. A laboratory leaching study was conducted to evaluate the effect of biochars derived from bamboo (BB) and pig (PB) on the leachability of DBP, Cd, and Pb through soil columns packed with two soils with low or high organic carbon content (LOC; 0.35% C: HOC; 2.24% C) and spiked with DBP, Cd, and Pb. Application of PB to the LOC soil significantly (<I>P</I> < 0.05) reduced the leaching loss by up to 88% for DBP, 38% for Cd, and 71% for Pb, whereas its impact was insignificant in the HOC soil. The higher efficacy of PB in reducing the leaching of DBP, Cd, and Pb in the LOC soil than that of BB might be related to PB's higher specific surface area, surface alkalinity, pH, and mineral contents compared to those of BB. Co-contamination of Cd and Pb enhanced leaching of DBP in the LOC soil treated with PB, possibly by competition for the sorption sites. Leaching of DBP, Cd, and Pb were significantly (<I>P</I> < 0.05) higher in the LOC soil than in the HOC soil. This study revealed that the effectiveness of biochars was dependent on the soil organic carbon content. Application of PB to the LOC soil was effective in reducing the leaching risk of DBP, Cd, and Pb.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Pig biochar reduced leaching of DBP, Cd, and Pb in the low organic carbon (LOC) soil. </LI> <LI> Contaminant leaching was higher in the LOC soil than in the high organic carbon soil. </LI> <LI> Existence of Cd and Pb enhanced mobility of DBP in the pig biochar-treated LOC soil. </LI> <LI> Alkalinity and phosphate in biochar controlled the leaching loss of Cd and Pb. </LI> <LI> Impact of pig biochar on leaching of DBP, Cd, and Pb is stronger than bamboo biochar. </LI> </UL> </P>

Double layer TiB₂- TiN Films

Yunjie Yang,Lizhi Chen,Zhihong Zheng,Xi Wang,Xianghuai Liu,J.G.Han,J.S.Yoon 한국진공학회 1995 한국진공학회 학술발표회초록집 Vol.- No.-

Effect of Biochars on Adsorption and Desorption of Diethyl Phthalate in Soils

Xiaokai Zhang,Lizhi He,Kunde Lin,Ajit Sarmah,Yingkun Liu,Jianwu Li,Hailong Wang 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Human Activities Recognition Based on Skeleton Information via Sparse Representation

Suolan Liu,Lizhi Kong,Hongyuan Wang 한국정보과학회 2018 Journal of Computing Science and Engineering Vol.12 No.1

Human activities recognition is a challenging task due to its complexity of human movements and the variety performed by different subjects for the same action. This paper presents a recognition algorithm by using skeleton information generated from depth maps. Concatenating motion features and temporal constraint feature produces feature vector. Reducing dictionary scale proposes an improved fast classifier based on sparse representation. The developed method is shown to be effective by recognizing different activities on the UTD-MHAD dataset. Comparison results indicate superior performance of our method over some existing methods.