A technical note on anterolateral mobilization in vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia for relief of brainstem compression

Liu Jesse J,O’Neill Brannan E,Mazur-Hart David,Uluc Kutluay,Dogan Aclan,Cetas Justin S 대한뇌혈관외과학회 2022 Journal of Cerebrovascular and Endovascular Neuros Vol.24 No.3

Vascular compression of neural tissue causing neurological symptoms is a wellknown phenomenon. This is commonly seen in trigeminal neuralgia and, less commonly, in hemifacial spasm by small arteries, which can be treated by microvascular decompression. Rarely, larger arteries, such as the vertebral arteries, may compress the brainstem. This can lead to symptoms of pontine or medullary distress like hemiparesis, dysphagia, or respiratory distress. This is treated by macrovascular decompression. Due to the rare and heterogenous nature of this disease, there is no standardized approach. We describe a novel technique whereby the vertebrobasilar system is mobilized anterolaterally towards the occipital condyle with a sling to decompress the brainstem.<br/>We report two cases of vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia causing brainstem compression. A carotid patch graft sling with anterolateral mobilization to the occipital condyle is described as a surgical nuance to macrovascular decompressive surgery. Briefly, the vertebral artery was identified and dissected away from the brainstem and the bulbar cranial nerves. Bovine pericardium graft was used to create a sling around the artery by suturing the two ends together. The sling was then fixed either to the occipital condyle using cranial plating screws or suturing to the dura of the occipital condyle.<br/>A novel surgical technique for management of vertebrobasilar dolichoectasia causing brainstem compression with progressive neurological deterioration is reported. Anatomical location and the offending vessel should guide neurosurgeons to select the best surgical option to achieve complete decompression of the involved neural structures.

Terminalia arjuna Bark and inotropic therapy for heart failure

Shi Jesse Liu 셀메드 세포교정의약학회 2012 TANG Vol.2 No.3

Heart disease that ultimately leads to heart failure (HF) has been the number one cause of death in the United States as well as in many other countries for over a century. Inotropic therapy utilizing cardiotonics to increase cardiac contractility remains a significant component of the management of HF. However, adverse effects of currently available cardiotonics have been compromising their therapeutic value and often lead to further myocardial dysfunction. Thus, discovery of safe cardiotonics remains a main challenge to improvement of inotropic therapy for HF. This review briefly summarized cellular mechanisms underlying the inotropic action of currently available cardiotonics, newly-developed carditonics and the bark of Terminalia arjuna (TA), a tropical tree used in ayurvedic medicine. The potential of TA bark as a new cardiotonic in inotropic treatment for HF was also discussed.

Observation of the Dirac fluid and the breakdown of the Wiedemann-Franz law in graphene

Crossno, Jesse,Shi, Jing K.,Wang, Ke,Liu, Xiaomeng,Harzheim, Achim,Lucas, Andrew,Sachdev, Subir,Kim, Philip,Taniguchi, Takashi,Watanabe, Kenji,Ohki, Thomas A.,Fong, Kin Chung American Association for the Advancement of Scienc 2016 Science Vol.351 No.6277

<P><B>Electrons that flow like a fluid</B></P><P>Electrons inside a conductor are often described as flowing in response to an electric field. This flow rarely resembles anything like the familiar flow of water through a pipe, but three groups describe counterexamples (see the Perspective by Zaanen). Moll <I>et al.</I> found that the viscosity of the electron fluid in thin wires of PdCoO<SUB>2</SUB> had a major effect on the flow, much like what happens in regular fluids. Bandurin <I>et al.</I> found evidence in graphene of electron whirlpools similar to those formed by viscous fluid flowing through a small opening. Finally, Crossno <I>et al.</I> observed a huge increase of thermal transport in graphene, a signature of so-called Dirac fluids.</P><P><I>Science</I>, this issue p. 1061, 1055, 1058; see also p. 1026</P><P>Interactions between particles in quantum many-body systems can lead to collective behavior described by hydrodynamics. One such system is the electron-hole plasma in graphene near the charge-neutrality point, which can form a strongly coupled Dirac fluid. This charge-neutral plasma of quasi-relativistic fermions is expected to exhibit a substantial enhancement of the thermal conductivity, thanks to decoupling of charge and heat currents within hydrodynamics. Employing high-sensitivity Johnson noise thermometry, we report an order of magnitude increase in the thermal conductivity and the breakdown of the Wiedemann-Franz law in the thermally populated charge-neutral plasma in graphene. This result is a signature of the Dirac fluid and constitutes direct evidence of collective motion in a quantum electronic fluid.</P>

장편 애니메이션 극적전환점에서 주인공의 갈등 정서에 대한 다학제적 분석

이태린(Tae Rin Lee),김종대(Jong Dae Kim),류궈시(Liu Guoxu),잉가비르 제시(Ingabire Jesse),김재호(Jae Ho Kim) 한국전시산업융합연구원 2018 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.34 No.-

해당 연구는 극장용 애니메이션을 서사를 중심으로 갈등을 분석하기 위해 영상에서 갈등을 분류하는 객관적이고 타당한 방법이 필요함을 인식하면서 시작되었다. 아울러 갈등을 효과적으로 비주얼 스토리텔링 하는 요소로 주인공의 정서에 주목하고, 갈등에서 나타나는 주인공의 정서를 연구하려 한다. 연구의 목적은 갈등강도와 갈등에 나타나는 정서를 분석하는 것이다. 연구결과 및 내용은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 서사의 이론적 고찰을 통해 극적전환점을 찾아 내고, 갈등 분류 모델(Conflict 6B Model)을 제안하였다. 둘째, 갈등 분류 모델을 이용하여 이론에 기반한 갈등 샷(shot) DB를 추출하였다. 셋째, 내적, 초개인적 갈등에서 강도와 정서를 찾아내었다. 넷째, 내적, 초개인적 갈등에서 강도와 정서의 전문가 실험 및 검증을 실시하였다. 본 연구는 애니메이션에서 갈등에 대한 주인공 정서의 서사적, 시각적, 심리학적인 다학제적 연구로 추출된 메타데이터(Metadata)는 애니메이션 서사에서 갈등의 비데오 인덱싱(Video Indexing)에 적용 될 것으로 기대한다. The study began with the recognition that the animations movie need objective and reasonable methods to classify conflicts in visual to analyze conflicts centering on narratives. Study the emotions of the hero in conflict. The purpose of the study is to analyze conflict intensity and emotion. The results and contents of the study are as follows. First, we found a Turning Point and suggested a conflict classification model (Conflict 6B Model). Second, Based on the conflict classification model, the conflict based shot DB was extracted. Third, I found strength and emotion in inner and super personal conflicts. Fourth, Experiments and tests of strength and emotion were conducted in internal and super personal conflicts. The results of this study are metadata extracted from the emotional research on conflict. It is expected to be applied to video indexing of conflicts.

Dynamic Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting During Vasoactive Breathing Maneuvers: First Results

Luuk H.G.A. Hopman,Elizabeth Hillier,Yuchi Liu,Jesse Hamilton,Kady Fischer,Nicole Seiberlich,Matthias G. Friedrich 한국심초음파학회 2023 Journal of Cardiovascular Imaging (J Cardiovasc Im Vol.31 No.2

BACKGROUND: Cardiac magnetic resonance fingerprinting (cMRF) enables simultaneous mapping of myocardial T1 and T2 with very short acquisition times. Breathing maneuvers have been utilized as a vasoactive stress test to dynamically characterize myocardial tissue in vivo. We tested the feasibility of sequential, rapid cMRF acquisitions during breathing maneuvers to quantify myocardial T1 and T2 changes. METHODS: We measured T1 and T2 values using conventional T1 and T2-mapping techniques (modified look locker inversion [MOLLI] and T2-prepared balanced-steady state free precession), and a 15 heartbeat (15-hb) and rapid 5-hb cMRF sequence in a phantom and in 9 healthy volunteers. The cMRF5-hb sequence was also used to dynamically assess T1 and T2 changes over the course of a vasoactive combined breathing maneuver. RESULTS: In healthy volunteers, the mean myocardial T1 of the different mapping methodologies were: MOLLI 1,224 ± 81 ms, cMRF15-hb 1,359 ± 97 ms, and cMRF5-hb 1,357 ± 76 ms. The mean myocardial T2 measured with the conventional mapping technique was 41.7 ± 6.7 ms, while for cMRF15-hb 29.6 ± 5.8 ms and cMRF5-hb 30.5 ± 5.8 ms. T2 was reduced with vasoconstriction (post-hyperventilation compared to a baseline resting state) (30.15 ± 1.53 ms vs. 27.99 ± 2.07 ms, p = 0.02), while T1 did not change with hyperventilation. During the vasodilatory breath-hold, no significant change of myocardial T1 and T2 was observed. CONCLUSIONS: cMRF5-hb enables simultaneous mapping of myocardial T1 and T2, and may be used to track dynamic changes of myocardial T1 and T2 during vasoactive combined breathing maneuvers.

Utilization of Vertebroplasty/ Kyphoplasty in the Management of Compression Fractures: National Trends and Predictors of Vertebroplasty/Kyphoplasty

Brannan E. O’Neill,Jamila A. Godil,Spencer Smith,Ali I. Rae,Christina H. Wright,James M. Wright,Donald A. Ross,Josiah N. Orina,Jesse J. Liu,Clifford Lin,Travis C. Philipp,Jonathan Kark,Jung U. Yoo,Won 대한척추신경외과학회 2023 Neurospine Vol.20 No.4

Objective: The purpose of this study is to examine the utilization of kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty procedures in the management of compression fractures. With the growing elderly population and the associated increase in rates of osteoporosis, vertebral compression fractures have become a daily encounter for spine surgeons. However, there remains a lack of consensus on the optimal management of this patient population. Methods: A retrospective analysis of 91 million longitudinally followed patients from 2016 to 2019 was performed using the PearlDiver Patient Claims Database. Patients with compression fractures were identified using International Classification of Disease, 10th Revision codes, and a subset of patients who received kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty were identified using Common Procedural Terminology codes. Baseline demographic and clinical data between groups were acquired. Multivariable regression analysis was performed to determine predictors of receiving kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty. Results: A total of 348,457 patients with compression fractures were identified with 9.2% of patients receiving kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty as their initial treatment. Of these patients, 43.5% underwent additional kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty 30 days after initial intervention. Patients receiving kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty were significantly older (72.2 vs. 67.9, p < 0.05), female, obese, had active smoking status and had higher Elixhauser Comorbidity Index scores. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that female sex, smoking status, and obesity were the 3 strongest predictors of receiving kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty (odds ratio, 1.27, 1.24, and 1.14, respectively). The annual rate of kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty did not change significantly (range, 8%–11%). Conclusion: The majority of vertebral compression fractures are managed nonoperatively. However, certain patient factors such as smoking status, obesity, female sex, older age, osteoporosis, and greater comorbidities are predictors of undergoing kyphoplasty/vertebroplasty.