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Inge Seim,Adrian C. Herington,Lisa K. Chopin 한국유전학회 2010 Genes & Genomics Vol.32 No.5
Transposable elements, which are DNA sequences that can move between different sites in genomes, comprise approximately 40% of the genome of mammals and are emerging as important contributors to biological diversity. Here we report a transcription unit lying within intron 1 of the murine Magi1(membrane associated guanylate kinase inverted 1) gene that codes for a cell-cell junction scaffolding protein. The transcription unit, termed Magi1OS (Magi1 Opposite Strand), originates from a region with tandem B1 short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs) and is an antisense gene to Magi1. Mag1OS transcription initiates in a proximal B1 element that shows only 4% divergence from the consensus sequence, indicating that it has been recently inserted into the mouse genome and could be replication competent. Moreover, a chimaeric transcript may result from intra-chromosomal interaction and trans-splicing of the Magi1 antisense transcript (Magi1OS) and Ghrl, which codes for the multifunctional peptide hormone ghrelin. These two genes are 20 megabases apart on chromosome 6 and are transcribed in opposite directions. We propose that the Magi1OS locus may serve as a useful model system to study exaptation and retrotransposition of B1 SINEs, as well as to examine the mechanisms of intra-chromosomal trans-splicing.
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Huygen Lisa,Thys Pauline Marie,Wollenberg Andreas,Gutermuth Jan,Krohn Inge Kortekaas 대한피부과학회 2024 Annals of Dermatology Vol.36 No.2
Background: Skin barrier function assessment is commonly done by measuring transepider- mal water loss (TEWL). An important limitation of this method is the influence of intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is a lesser-established method for skin barrier function assessment. Some influential factors have been described, but no guidelines exist regarding the standardization of these measurements. Objective: To evaluate the effect size of daily routine activities on TEWL and EIS, as well as their correlation with age and anatomical differences. Methods: Healthy participants (n=31) were stratified into three age groups (18–29, 30–49, and ≥50 years). In a climate-controlled room, EIS and TEWL measurements were performed on the left and right volar forearm and abdomen. Results: Body cream application decreased TEWL and EIS values after 15 and 90 minutes. Skin washing decreased TEWL for 15 minutes and EIS values for at least 90 minutes. TEWL was in- creased 5 minutes after moderate to intense exercise. Coffee intake increased TEWL on the ab- domen after 60 minutes. TEWL and EIS values did not correlate with participants’ age and no anatomical differences were obser ved. No correlation was obser ved between TEWL and EIS. Conclusion: Body cream application and skin washing should be avoided at least 90 minutes prior to measurements of TEWL and EIS. Exercise and coffee intake should also be avoided prior to TEWL measurements. EIS may be a promising tool for skin barrier function assess- ment as it is less affected by daily routine activities than TEWL.
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