Enhancement and Mechanism of Transdermal Absorption of Terpene-Induced Propranolol Hydrochloride

Ying Cui,Lingzhi Li,Li Zhang,Jianyu Li,Jun Gu,Haiying Gong,Peng Guo,Wei Tong 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.9

For the purpose of efficient and safe transdermal administration of propranolol hydrochloride (PHCl), effects of (+)-borneol, (+)-camphor, and α-bisabolol (5 w/v%) in 66.6% ethanol solution on transdermal permeation across rat skin in vitro and their enhancement mechanism was investigated with fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and PHCl-stratum corneum binding studies. Each of (+)-borneol, (+)-camphor, and α-bisabolol significantly increased the transdermal flux of PHCl through rat skin in comparison to the control. The enhancement mechanism of the terpenes is involved with disruption of the lipid bilayer and increase of PHCl partitioning coefficient to the stratum corneum. As for α-bisabolol, the protect effect of skin from dehydration and an important reason of irritation incident were observed with differential scanning calorimetry for the first time.

Health Status Evaluation of Catenary Based on Normal Fuzzy Matter-Element and Game Theory

Lingzhi Yi,Jian Zhao,Wenxin Yu,Guzong Long,Haoyi Sun,Wang Li 대한전기학회 2020 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.15 No.5

At present, there is no unifi ed standard for the health status evaluation of electrifi ed railway catenary in China. The current catenary evaluation model only considers quantitative detection indicators, without qualitative indicators such as weather, which is one-sided to some extent. Thus, an improved catenary status evaluation model is constructed with both quantitative indicators and qualitative indicators. In this evaluation model, the normal fuzzy matter-element method is used to determine the correlation value of each grade, and the weighted average principle is used to re-determine the status grade of catenary when the maximum correlation principle fails. Meanwhile, entropy weight method and particle swarm optimization algorithm to optimize analytic hierarchy process method are combined to improve the shortcomings of single weight method, and game theory is used to determine the subjective and objective weight coeffi cients, so as to reduce the infl uence of subjective experience. Select a Chinese railway catenary in 2018 as an example for verifi cation analysis, the results show that the model constructed in this paper can eff ectively help professionals to make correct judgments on the health status of catenary, and provide a new idea and method for the comprehensive evaluation of the catenary operation status, which has certain practicability

Procaine Attenuates Pain Behaviors of Neuropathic Pain Model Rats Possibly via Inhibiting JAK2/STAT3

Li, Donghua,Yan, Yurong,Yu, Lingzhi,Duan, Yong The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology 2016 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.24 No.5

Neuropathic pain (NPP) is the main culprit among chronic pains affecting the normal life of patients. Procaine is a frequently-used local anesthesia with multiple efficacies in various diseases. However, its role in modulating NPP has not been reported yet. This study aims at uncovering the role of procaine in NPP. Rats were pretreated with procaine by intrathecal injection. Then NPP rat model was induced by sciatic nerve chronic compression injury (CCI) and behavior tests were performed to analyze the pain behaviors upon mechanical, thermal and cold stimulations. Spinal expression of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. JAK2 was also overexpressed in procaine treated model rats for behavior tests. Results showed that procaine pretreatment improved the pain behaviors of model rats upon mechanical, thermal and cold stimulations, with the best effect occurring on the $15^{th}$ day post model construction (p<0.05). Procaine also inhibited JAK2 and STAT3 expression in both mRNA (p<0.05) and protein levels. Overexpression of JAK2 increased STAT3 level and reversed the improvement effects of procaine in pain behaviors (p<0.01). These findings indicate that procaine is capable of attenuating NPP, suggesting procaine is a potential therapeutic strategy for treating NPP. Its role may be associated with the inhibition on JAK2/STAT3 signaling.

Task Offloading of Intelligent Building Based on CO–HHO Algorithm in Edge Computing

Yi Lingzhi,Gao Xieyi,Li Zongpin,Feng Xiaodong,Huang Jianxiong,Liu Qiankun 대한전기학회 2022 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.17 No.6

With the rapid development of intelligent devices, the intelligence of buildings is becoming more and more obvious, which leads to the rapid growth of data generated by building users. The existing network bandwidth is far from enough for the transmission of existing data, which will lead to congestion in the process of data transmission. In this paper, a task offl oading strategy based on edge computing is proposed. The edge server is deployed near the data source, which mainly solves the problems of transmission delay and energy consumption of building users during task offl oading. In this paper, the mathematical model of system delay and energy consumption is established fi rst. In order to better refl ect the quality of the system, the delay and energy consumption are combined into system utility, and then the objective function is established. Since the objective function is a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem, fi nding the optimal solution usually requires exponential time complexity. Therefore, this paper fi rstly uses the Tammer decomposition method to decouple the objective function, and decomposes it into the resource allocation problem of fi xed task offl oading decision and the task offl oad problem of maximizing the objective function. Then the convex optimization (CO) theory is used to greatly reduce the complexity of the objective function and optimize the resource allocation problem. Finally, the task offl oading problem is solved by the improved Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) . The paper compares various offl oading schemes. The simulation results show that the CO–HHO offl oading strategy based on edge computing proposed in this paper can eff ectively reduce the transmission delay and energy consumption of user tasks in intelligent buildings, and is superior to others in all aspects.

Estimation of damping induced by taut mooring lines

Xiong, Lingzhi,Lu, Wenyue,Li, Xin,Guo, Xiaoxian The Society of Naval Architects of Korea 2020 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.12 No.1

A moored floating structure may exhibit resonant motion responses to low-frequency excitations. Similar to the resonant responses of many vibration systems, the motion amplitude of a moored floating structure is significantly affected by the damping of the entire system. In such cases, the damping contributed by the mooring lines sometimes accounts for as much as 80% of the total damping. While the damping induced by catenary mooring lines is well-investigated, few studies have been conducted on the damping induced by taut mooring lines, especially one partly embedded in soil. The present study develops a simple but accurate model for estimating the damping contributed by mooring lines. A typical type of taut mooring line was used as the reference and the hydrodynamic drag force and soil resistance were taken into consideration. The proposed model was validated by comparing its predictions with those of a previously developed model and experimental measurements obtained by a physical model. Case studies and sensitivity studies were also conducted using the validated model. The damping induced by the soil resistance was found to be considerably smaller than the hydrodynamic damping. The superposition of the wave frequency motion on the low-frequency motion was also observed to significantly amplify the damping induced by the mooring lines.

Procaine Attenuates Pain Behaviors of Neuropathic Pain Model Rats Possibly via Inhibiting JAK2/STAT3

( Donghua Li ),( Yurong Yan ),( Lingzhi Yu ),( Yong Duan ) 한국응용약물학회 2016 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.24 No.5

Neuropathic pain (NPP) is the main culprit among chronic pains affecting the normal life of patients. Procaine is a frequently-used local anesthesia with multiple efficacies in various diseases. However, its role in modulating NPP has not been reported yet. This study aims at uncovering the role of procaine in NPP. Rats were pretreated with procaine by intrathecal injection. Then NPP rat model was induced by sciatic nerve chronic compression injury (CCI) and behavior tests were performed to analyze the pain behaviors upon mechanical, thermal and cold stimulations. Spinal expression of Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) was detected by qRT-PCR and western blot. JAK2 was also overexpressed in procaine treated model rats for behavior tests. Results showed that procaine pretreatment improved the pain behaviors of model rats upon mechanical, thermal and cold stimulations, with the best effect occurring on the 15^th day post model construction (p<0.05). Procaine also inhibited JAK2 and STAT3 expression in both mRNA (p<0.05) and protein levels. Overexpression of JAK2 increased STAT3 level and reversed the improvement effects of procaine in pain behaviors (p<0.01). These findings indicate that procaine is capable of attenuating NPP, suggesting procaine is a potential therapeutic strategy for treating NPP. Its role may be associated with the inhibition on JAK2/STAT3 signaling.

Research of Building Load Optimal Scheduling Based on Multi-objective Estimation of Distributed Algorithm

Liu Jiankang,Lingzhi Yi,Yi Fang,Lin Jiahao,Li Wang,Fan Lǜ 대한전기학회 2021 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.16 No.2

In the centralized scheduling of multi-residents, the complexity of scheduling time will be greatly increased as the number of resident increases. In order to reduce the time complexity caused by centralized scheduling, a probability model based on the Time-of-use electricity tariff diff erence is proposed and applied to distributed estimation of the algorithm. According to the impact factor mechanism of the probability model of Time-of-use electricity tariff diff erence, not only the time complexity of centralized scheduling is reduced, but also the optimization of the algorithm will not fall into a local optimal situation. In the centralized scheduling model of building residents, the controllable load of residents and new energy are centralized. The consumption rate of new energy was improved by changing the new energy power supply mechanism. Under the conditions of ensuring the comfort of household electricity consumption, three objective functions of the model include: (a) to reduce the total daily electricity consumption, (b) to fl atten the peak-to-valley diff erence of daily electricity, (c) to decrease the discarded rate of new energy. The simulation of the calculation example verifi es the feasibility and eff ectiveness of the proposed method.

Transcriptome analysis reveals genes connected to temperature adaptation in juvenile antarctic krill Euphausia superba

Liu Yongliang,Li Lingzhi,Yang Jialiang,Huang Hongliang,Song Wei 한국유전학회 2023 Genes & Genomics Vol.45 No.8

Background The Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba (E. superba), is a key organism in the Antarctic marine ecosystem and has been widely studied. However, there is a lack of transcriptome data focusing on temperature responses. Methods In this study, we performed transcriptome sequencing of E. superba samples exposed to three different temperatures: −1.19 °C (low temperature, LT), − 0.37 °C (medium temperature, MT), and 3 °C (high temperature, HT). Results Illumina sequencing generated 772,109,224 clean reads from the three temperature groups. In total, 1,623, 142, and 842 genes were differentially expressed in MT versus LT, HT versus LT, and HT versus MT, respectively. Moreover, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis revealed that these differentially expressed genes were mainly involved in the Hippo signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, and Toll−like receptor signaling pathway. Quantitative reverse-transcription PCR revealed that ESG037073 expression was significantly upregulated in the MT group compared with the LT group, and ESG037998 expression was significantly higher in the HT group than in the LT group. Conclusions This is the first transcriptome analysis of E. superba exposed to three different temperatures. Our results provide valuable resources for further studies on the molecular mechanisms underlying temperature adaptation in E. superba.

인 첨가에 인한 바이오 세라믹 여과에 의한 유기물 제거 개선

Sang, Junqiang,Zhang, Xihui,Li, Lingzhi,Wang, Zhansheng 한국수처리학회 2004 한국수처리학회지 Vol.12 No.2

Effect of light intensity and air velocity on the thermal exchange of indoor-cultured lettuce

Ahmed Hesham A.,Li Yangmei,Shao Lingzhi,Tong Yu-xin 한국원예학회 2022 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.63 No.3

Heat and moisture transfer have a substantial influence on plant photosynthesis and productivity. Therefore, this study investigated the combined effect of light intensity (100, 200, and 300 μmol m−2 s−1) and air velocity (0.25, 0.50, and 0.75 m s−1) on the sensible heat flux (Sh), convection regime (CR), and latent heat flux (Lh) of lettuce plants grown in a plant factory with artificial light. The growth, photosynthetic rate, and occurrence of tipburn in lettuce plants were also evaluated. The effect of light intensity and air velocity on the thermal exchange of indoor-cultured lettuce was achieved through their combined effect on conductance to heat and mass transfer. Stomatal conductance was found to be strongly correlated with light intensity, with a correlation coefficient of 73%. The boundary layer conductance was highly correlated with air velocity, with a correlation coefficient of 96%. Accordingly, the Sh and Lh increased by 41.0% and 46.9%, respectively, with an increase in light intensity from 100 to 300 μmol m−2 s−1, and by 33.2% and 30.4%, respectively, with an increase in air velocity from 0.25 to 0.75 m s−1. Air velocity had a greater impact on CR, and forced convection was dominant between lettuce plants and the surrounding air. During the dark period, a decrease in stomatal conductance was accompanied by a decrease in Lh, particularly as air velocity increased. The photosynthetic rate and fresh weight of lettuce plants were strongly correlated with light intensity, and increased by 60.9% and 54.7%, respectively, as light intensity increased from 100 to 300 μmol m−2 s−1. However, the occurrence of tipburn in lettuce plants was significantly related to light intensity, and the highest number of lettuce leaves injured with tipburn of 5 leaves/plant was observed at a light intensity of 300 μmol m−2 s−1. When air velocity increased from 0.25 to 0.75 m s−1, the occurrence of tipburn decreased by 87.3%. Our results reveal that there was an obvious interaction between light intensity and air velocity on the thermal exchange, growth, and occurrence of tipburn in indoor-cultured lettuce. This study provides valuable insights into the combinational regulation of light intensity and air velocity for improving the growth and marketability of indoor-cultured lettuce.