The Celtic Elements in The Wanderings Of Oisin : Mythology, Landscape, and Music

Lijun Xu,Ki Ho Yun 한국예이츠학회 2019 한국예이츠 저널 Vol.59 No.-

아일랜드 독립을 추구하는 방법으로 민족주의자들과는 달리 예이츠는 비폭력적이고 문화적인 방법을 취했다. 초기의 아르카디아와 인도를 소재로 한 작품에 서 벗어나 고대 켈트족의 영웅 전설을 작품화한 장시 『어쉰의 방랑』은 예이츠 문학 일생에서 중요한 전환점을 보여준다. 어쉰이라는 고대 켈트족 영웅 이미지를 완성하기 위해면서 예이츠는 세 가지 켈트적 요소를 도입하고 있다. 첫째로, 고대 아일랜드의 영웅의 일화를 다룸으로써 민족의 단합과 고대 켈트족의 가치 부활을 시도했다. 둘째 로, 아일랜드의 자연을 부각시키면서 자연과 민족성 및 종교를 연관시키고 있다. 셋째 로, 고대 아일랜드의 영광을 부활시키는 수단으로 음악성을 강조하고 있다. 요약하자 면 켈트족 영웅인 주인공 어쉰에게 시인 자신을 투영시켜 조국 독립을 위한 민족의식 을 고취시키려고 한 것이다. 예이츠는 사회적으로 중요한 역할을 했던 고대 켈트족 음 영시인(바드)의 전통을 이어받아 용사이자 시인인 어쉰의 묘사와 예를 통해 조국을 재 건설하고 민족적 자존심을 되살리려고 시도하고 있다. William Butler Yeats maintained the non-violent stance and used Celtic elements as a good way to seek for Irish cultural independence. Influenced by his family and the environment of his childhood, as an Anglo-Irish poet, Yeats was not reluctant to identify his nationalism. He sought for his Irish identity, yet by birth was an aristocratic English protestant origin. So he gradually formed his unique features and made his great contribution to the Celtic revival in literature but not in the violent and obvious political way. The Wanderings of Oisin, Yeats's longest narrative poem, is regarded as the turning point of his subject matter. The three vital Celtic elements in the poem are ancient Celtic mythology, the landscape (nature) of Ireland, and music. He believed that music inspired Irishmen to create a special rhythm and metrical structure with a striking feature of Irish songs. Music as the typical and vital Celtic element is to quest for the glory of ancient Ireland. Hence, he has paved the way to combine the powerful social role of the bard with modern nationalist goal. And he calls for Irish people to rebuild their ideal homeland and summons up courage for Irish independence and national confidence.

TNF-α-Induced SOX5 Upregulation Is Involved in the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through KLF4 Signal Pathway

Lijun Xu,Lili Zheng,Zhifang Wang,Chong Li,Shan Li,Xuedi Xia,Pengyan Zhang,Li Li,Lixia Zhang 한국분자세포생물학회 2018 Molecules and cells Vol.41 No.6

Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a common sys-temic skeletal disease characterized by reduced bone mass and microarchitecture deterioration. Although differentially expressed SOX5 has been found in bone marrow from ovariectomized mice, its role in osteogenic differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) from bone marrow in PMOP remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the biological function of SOX5 and explore its molecular mechanism in hMSCs from patients with PMOP. Our findings showed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of SOX5 were upregulated in hMSCs isolated from bone marrow samples of PMOP patients. We also found that SOX5 overexpression decreased the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the gene expression of osteoblast markers including Collagen I, Runx2 and Osterix, which were increased by SOX5 knockdown using RNA interference. Furthermore, TNF- notably upregulated the SOX5 mRNA expression level, and SOX5 knockdown reversed the effect of TNF- on osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. In addition, SOX5 overexpression increased Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) gene expression, which was decreased by SOX5 silencing. KLF4 knockdown abrogated the suppressive effect of SOX5 overexpression on osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. Taken together, our results indicated that TNF--induced SOX5 upregulation inhibited osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs through KLF4 signal pathway, suggesting that SOX5 might be a novel therapeutic target for PMOP treatment.

TNF-α-Induced SOX5 Upregulation Is Involved in the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Through KLF4 Signal Pathway

Xu, Lijun,Zheng, Lili,Wang, Zhifang,Li, Chong,Li, Shan,Xia, Xuedi,Zhang, Pengyan,Li, Li,Zhang, Lixia Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2018 Molecules and cells Vol.41 No.6

Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is a common systemic skeletal disease characterized by reduced bone mass and microarchitecture deterioration. Although differentially expressed SOX5 has been found in bone marrow from ovariectomized mice, its role in osteogenic differentiation in human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) from bone marrow in PMOP remains unknown. In this study, we investigated the biological function of SOX5 and explore its molecular mechanism in hMSCs from patients with PMOP. Our findings showed that the mRNA and protein expression levels of SOX5 were upregulated in hMSCs isolated from bone marrow samples of PMOP patients. We also found that SOX5 overexpression decreased the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and the gene expression of osteoblast markers including Collagen I, Runx2 and Osterix, which were increased by SOX5 knockdown using RNA interference. Furthermore, $TNF-{\alpha}$ notably upregulated the SOX5 mRNA expression level, and SOX5 knockdown reversed the effect of $TNF-{\alpha}$ on osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. In addition, SOX5 overexpression increased Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) gene expression, which was decreased by SOX5 silencing. KLF4 knockdown abrogated the suppressive effect of SOX5 overexpression on osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs. Taken together, our results indicated that $TNF-{\alpha}$-induced SOX5 upregulation inhibited osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs through KLF4 signal pathway, suggesting that SOX5 might be a novel therapeutic target for PMOP treatment.

A Coalitional Game Mechanism of Tasks Execution Considering Trust Relationship among CRPs in Clouds

Lijun Xu,Yanjun Liu 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.11

Cloud Resource Providers (CRPs) can form CRPs coalitions for executing large scale application tasks by pooling their resources together in cloud computing. However, forming such CRPs coalitions is a challenging problem especially when the trust relationships among CRPs have to be taken into account. Aiming at this problem, we model the formation of CRPs coalitions by considering the trust and reputation of the participanting CRPs in clouds in this paper. An algorithm TCFA for coalition formation is proposed, which can enable the CRPs with high reputation to join into a coalition reducing the cost of execution and guaranteeing the maximum profit for the participanting CRPs. Furthermore, we prove that the formed coalition determined by TCFA is stable, which means that the CRPs that are the part of the coalition do not have incentives to break away from it. Meanwhile, we prove that TCFA can produce a Pareto optimal solution. The results of simulation experiments show that our algorithm TCFA not only can produce stable coalitions structure composed of CRPs with higher reputation, but also can obtain higher individual profit among coalitional members.

Oriented-SLA and Energy-Efficient Virtual Machine Management Strategy of Cloud Data Centers

Lijun Xu,Weifeng Wang,Xiaoqing Zhang 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Grid and Distributed Comp Vol.9 No.1

Cloud computing has revolutionized the information and communication technology industry by enabling on-demand provisioning of elastic computing resources on a pay-as-you-go basis. However, due to the large-scale popularization and application, cloud data centers consume enormous amounts of electrical energy, which results in high operating costs and carbon dioxide emissions. In this paper, twenty-two algorithms are simulated for testing the trade-off between the applications performance and energy consumption during virtual machine management of cloud data centers in CloudSim simulation toolkit. The goal of these algorithms is to reduce energy consumption under ensuring the performace of cloud applications. A large number of simulation experimental results prove the performance of these twenty-two algorithms respectively.

Dominant genera of cyanobacteria in Lake Taihu and their relationships with environmental factors

Lijun Feng,Shiyou Liu,Wenxian Wu,Jiawen Ma,Pei Li,Hailing Xu,Na Li,Yaoyu Feng 한국미생물학회 2016 The journal of microbiology Vol.54 No.7

Cyanobacterial blooms in freshwaters have become one of the most widespread of environmental problems and threaten water resources worldwide. Previous studies on cyanobacteria in Lake Taihu often collected samples from one site (like Meiliang Bay or Zhushan Bay) and focused on the variation in patterns or abundance of Microcystis during the blooming season. However, the distribution of cyanobacteria in Lake Taihu shows differing pattern in various seasons. In this study, water samples were collected monthly for one year at five sites in Lake Taihu with different trophic status and a physicochemical analysis and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) were conducted. DGGE fingerprint analysis showed that Microcystis (7/35 bands) and Synechococcus (12/35 bands) were the two most dominant genera present during the study period at all five sites. Cyanobium (3/35 bands) was the third most common genus which has seldom been previously reported in Lake Taihu. Redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that the cyanobacterial community structure was significantly correlated with NO3 --N, CODMn, and NH4 +-N in the winter and spring, whereas it was correlated with water temperature in the summer and autumn. Limiting the nutrient input (especially of N and C loading) in Lake Taihu would be a key factor in controlling the growth of different genera of cyanobacteria.

Effect of Nd ion on the magnetic properties of Ni-Mn ferrite nanocrystal

Lijun Zhao,Wei Xu,Hua Yang,Lianxiang Yu 한국물리학회 2008 Current Applied Physics Vol.8 No.1

The nanocrystalline Ni0.7Mn 0.3Nd 0.1Fe1.9O4 ferrites were prepared by the emulsion method. X-ray diractometer (XRD), transmis-sion electron microscope (TEM), Mo¨ssbauer spectra and vibrating samples magnetometer (VSM) were used to study the structure, mor-phology and magnetic properties. The magnetic properties of Nd3+-doped Ni0.7Mn 0.3Fe2O4 nanocrystal ferrites were investigated indetail. The Ni0.7Mn 0.3Nd 0.1Fe1.9O4 nanocrystal ferrite with particle size of 10.7 nm shows superparamagnetism.

Formation Mechanism of Slurry Consolidated Body in Different Grouting Media under Dynamic Water Conditions by the Test-simulation Method

Changyu Xu,Lijun Han 대한토목학회 2023 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.27 No.1

This study proposes the Test-simulation Method to investigate the formation mechanism of slurry consolidated body in different grouting media under dynamic water conditions, which utilizes the test system to study the basic laws, and the numerical simulation to reveal the mechanism. Firstly, a test system for grouting under dynamic water conditions was developed, which can be used to grout in both porous media and parallel-fissure media. And the effects of water velocity and grouting rate on the slurry-consolidated-body forms were studied by this test system. Secondly, COMSOL Multiphysics was used to simulate the test process, and shapes of the consolidated body in numerical simulation were analyzed and compared with those in the model test, which proved the feasibility of the numerical method. Finally, the variation law of two-phase flow velocity during the grouting process was further studied by numerical simulation, in order to reveal the formation mechanism of the consolidated body. The results show that the slurry consolidated body presents an approximate ‘Fusiform’ shape in the porous medium, while presents a ‘U-shape’ in the parallel-fissure medium. And the final form of the slurry consolidated body is constructed with the joint action of water velocity and grouting rate.

Overexpression of AtNHX1, a Vacuolar Na+/H+ Antiporter from Arabidopsis thalina, in Petunia hybrida Enhances Salt and Drought Tolerance

Kai Xu,Ping Hong,Lijun Luo,Tao Xia 한국식물학회 2009 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.52 No.5

PlantNa+/H+ antiporter plays a critical role in plant salt tolerance. In this study, AtNHX1, a vacuolar Na+ /H+ antiporter from Arabidopsis thalina, was introduced into Petunia hybrida using Agrobacterium-mediated methods. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA gel blot analysis confirmed that AtNHX1 was successfully integrated into the P. hybrida genomes. Reverse transcription (RT)-PCR analysis indicated that AtNHX1 expressed highly in transgenic plants. It was found that the 35S::AtNHX1 transgenic P. hybrida plants showed much more resistant to high concentrations of NaCl and to water deprivation than the isogenic wild-type (WT) Petunia plants. The transgenic plants accumulated more Na+, K+, and proline in their leaf tissue than that of the WT Petunia plants and maintained high water contents and high ratio of K+/Na+. These results demonstrated that overexpression of the vacuolar Na+/H+ antiporter conferred both salt tolerance and drought tolerance to the transgenic Petunia plants.

Anaerobic Ammonium-Oxidizing Bacteria in Cow Manure Composting

( Tingting Wang ),( Lijun Cheng ),( Wenhao Zhang ),( Xiuhong Xu ),( Qingxin Meng ),( Xuewei Sun ),( Huajing Liu ),( Hongtao Li ),( Yu Sun ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.7

Composting is widely used to transform waste into valuable agricultural organic fertilizer. Anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing (anammox) bacteria play an important role in the global nitrogen cycle, but their role in composting remains poorly understood. In the present study, the community structure, diversity, and abundance of anammox bacteria were analyzed using cloning and sequencing methods by targeting the 16S rRNA gene and the hydrazine oxidase gene (hzo) in samples isolated from compost produced from cow manure and rice straw. A total of 25 operational taxonomic units were classified based on 16S rRNA gene clone libraries, and 14 operational taxonomic units were classified based on hzo gene clone libraries. The phylogenetic tree analysis of the 16S rRNA gene and deduced HZO protein sequences from the corresponding encoding genes indicated that the majority of the obtained clones were related to the known anammox bacteria Candidatus “Brocadia,” Candidatus “Kuenenia,” and Candidatus “Scalindua.” The abundances of anammox bacteria were determined by quantitative PCR, and between 2.13 × 10⁵ and 1.15 × 10⁶ 16S rRNA gene copies per gram of compost were found. This study provides the first demonstration of the existence of anammox bacteria with limited diversity in cow manure composting.