Scutellaria Extract Decreases the Proportion of Side Population Cells in a Myeloma Cell Line by Down-regulating the Expression of ABCG2 Protein

Lin, Mei-Gui,Liu, Li-Ping,Li, Chen-Yin,Zhang, Meng,Chen, Yuling,Qin, Jian,Gu, Yue-Yu,Li, Zhi,Wu, Xin-Lin,Mo, Sui-Lin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.12

Background and Aims: Scutellaria is one of the most popular traditional Chinese herbal remedies against various human diseases, including cancer. In this study, we examined the active effects of Scutellaria extract and its main flavonoid constituents on the proportion of side population cells within human multiple myeloma cell line RPMI8226 in vitro and explored the potential molecular mechanisms involved. Materials and Methods: The contents of flavonoids in ethanolic extract of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi were determined using high performance liquid chromatography. The antiproliferative effect of the ethanolic extract on RPMI-8226 was determined by CCK assay. Apoptosis was measured by annexin combining with propidium iodide in a flow cytometer. Cell cycle analysis was performed by propidium iodide staining in combination with flow cytometry analysis. Hoechst 33342 exclusion assay was used for the identification of side population within RPMI8226 cells. The expression of ABCG2 protein was assessed by Western blotting assay. Results: The content of major flavonoids constitutents of Scutellaria extract was baicalin (10.2%), wogonoside (2.50%), baicalein (2.29%), and wogonin (0.99%), respectively. The crude Scutellaria extract did not show significant anti-proliferative effect, apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest in RPMI-8226 within the concentrations of $1-75{\mu}g/mL$. However, the ethanolic extract, baicalein, wogonin and baicalin reduced the side population cells in RPMI-8226, and data showed that baicalein and wogonin had stronger inhibitory effects. Correspondingly, they also exhibited significant effects on decreasing the expression level of ABCG2 protein in RPMI-8226 in vitro. Conclusions: Our results for the first time demonstrated a novel mechanism of action for Scutellaria extract and its main active flavonoids, namely targeting SP cells by modulating the expression of ABCG2 protein. This study provides an insight for new therapeutic strategies targeting cancer stem cells of multiple myeloma.

Insulin Resistance Reduces Sensitivity to Cis-Platinum and Promotes Adhesion, Migration and Invasion in HepG2 Cells

Li, Lin-Jing,Li, Guang-Di,Wei, Hu-Lai,Chen, Jing,Liu, Yu-Mei,Li, Fei,Xie, Bei,Wang, Bei,Li, Cai-Li Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.7

The liver is normally the major site of glucose metabolism in intact organisms and the most important target organ for the action of insulin. It has been widely accepted that insulin resistance (IR) is closely associated with postoperative recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the relationship between IR and drug resistance in liver cancer cells is unclear. In the present study, IR was induced in HepG2 cells via incubation with a high concentration of insulin. Once the insulin-resistant cell line was established, the stability of HepG2/IR cells was further tested via incubation in insulin-free medium for another 72h. Afterwards, the biological effects of insulin resistance on adhesion, migration, invasion and sensitivity to cis-platinum (DDP) of cells were determined. The results indicated that glucose consumption was reduced in insulin-resistant cells. In addition, the expression of the insulin receptor and glucose transportor-2 was downregulated. Furthermore, HepG2/IR cells displayed markedly enhanced adhesion, migration, and invasion. Most importantly, these cells exhibited a lower sensitivity to DDP. By contrast, HepG2/IR cells exhibited decreased adhesion and invasion after treatment with the insulin sensitizer pioglitazone hydrochloride. The results suggest that IR is closely related to drug resistance as well as adhesion, migration, and invasion in HepG2 cells. These findings may help explain the clinical observation of limited efficacy for chemotherapy on a background of IR, which promotes the invasion and migration of cancer cells.

Effects of an Anti-Smoking Program to Prevent Lung Cancer among Urban Aboriginals in Taiwan

Lin, Mei-Hsiang,Huang, Sheu-Jen,Shih, Whei-Mei Jean,Wang, Pao-Yu,Lin, Li-Hui,Hsu, Hsiu-Chin Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.11

Background and Purpose: Indigenous people who leave their hometowns and move to the city to earn a living became urban aboriginals. During the process of adapting to urban living situations, they may use various coping strategies such as smoking to overcome their stress. Therefore, it is crucial to provide health education including smoking prevention, increasing knowledge regarding of tobacco hazard, self-efficacy of anti-smoking, and adjusting smoking behavior so as to empower their anti-smoking motivation to prevent lung cancer. The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of an anti-smoking program on urban aboriginals in Taiwan. Methods: A quasi-experimental study design with purposeful sampling was employed. A total of 125 aboriginal subjects were recruited from two local churches at Shu Lin area in northern Taiwan. Subjects were divided into an experimental group (n =64 ) and a control group (n = 61). Both took pre-tests in order to set baseline values, and only the experimental group participated for 3-weeks in the anti-smoking program classes. Both groups took post-tests immediately after the intervention in order to evaluate the immediate effects of the teaching program, and a follow-up test was conducted four weeks after the intervention. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, one-way ANCOVA, and repeat measure ANCOVA. Results: After controlling for confounding variables, the results showed that there were statistically significant differences in the self-efficacy of anti-smoking and smoking behavior between experimental and control groups in the immediately post-test and the follow-up test (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant differences in the recognition of hazards of smoking at eiter time point. Conclusions and Implications for Practice: The findings of this study revealed that the anti-smoking program effectively improved self-efficacy of anti-smoking, and decreased the smoking behavior in urban aboriginals. They provide useful information as a reference regarding of aboriginal health promotion to health providers. It is imperative that anti-smoking be reinforced for those regular smokers to prevent induction of lung cancer.

Predicting patient experience of Invisalign treatment: An analysis using artificial neural network

Lin Xu,Li Mei,Ruiqi Lu,Yuan Li,Hanshi Li,Yu Li 대한치과교정학회 2022 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.52 No.4

Objective: Poor experience with Invisalign treatment affects patient compliance and, thus, treatment outcome. Knowing the potential discomfort level in advance can help orthodontists better prepare the patient to overcome the difficult stage. This study aimed to construct artificial neural networks (ANNs) to predict patient experience in the early stages of Invisalign treatment. Methods: In total, 196 patients were enrolled. Data collection included questionnaires on pain, anxiety, and quality of life (QoL). A four-layer fully connected multilayer perception with three backpropagations was constructed to predict patient experience of the treatment. The input data comprised 17 clinical features. The partial derivative method was used to calculate the relative contributions of each input in the ANNs. Results: The predictive success rates for pain, anxiety, and QoL were 87.7%, 93.4%, and 92.4%, respectively. ANNs for predicting pain, anxiety, and QoL yielded areas under the curve of 0.963, 0.992, and 0.982, respectively. The number of teeth with lingual attachments was the most important factor affecting the outcome of negative experience, followed by the number of lingual buttons and upper incisors with attachments. Conclusions: The constructed ANNs in this preliminary study show good accuracy in predicting patient experience (i.e., pain, anxiety, and QoL) of Invisalign treatment. Artificial intelligence system developed for predicting patient comfort has potential for clinical application to enhance patient compliance.

Antioxidant Flavone Glycosides from the Root of Pteroxygonum giraldii

Li, Bao-Lin,Yang, Zhan-Jun,Jiang, Lin-Ling,Zhang, Xi-Quan,Gu, Hong-Mei,Wang, Hui-Chun,Tian, Xian-Hua Korean Chemical Society 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.7

Two new flavone glycosides, giraldiin A and B, together with three known compounds, annulatin, myricetin 3-O-$\alpha$- L-rhamnopyranoside and gallic acid, were isolated from the ethanol extract of the root of Pteroxygonum giraldii Damm. et Diels. The structures of giraldiin A and B are designated as 3'-($\alpha$-L-arabinopyranosyloxy)-4',5,5',7- tetrahydroxy-3-methoxyflavone and 4'-($\beta$-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-5,5',7-trihydroxy-2',3-dimethoxyflavone, respectively, on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analyses. The free radical scavenging activity of giraldiin A was evaluated by decolouring spectrophotometry of pentamethine cyanine dye (Cy5) with $Fe^{2+}-H_2O_2$ Fenton radical generating system. The results indicated the hydroxyl free radical scavenging activity of giraldiin A (E$D_{50}$ = 23.7 nmol/mL) is higher than that of some known antioxidants such as rutin, puerarin, daidzein and 2,6-di-tertbutyl-4-methylphenol.

Method Development for Electrotransformation of Acidithiobacillus culdus

Lin Xu Chen,Jian Qun Lin,Bing Li,Jian Qiang Lin,Xiang Mei Liu 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2010 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.20 No.1

A Novel Distributed Equivalent Circuit Model for Single-Core Cables

Li Rui-Fang,Hu Hao,Cao Xiao-Bin,Li Zhong-Mei,Li Jun-Hao,Zhu Chuan-Lin,Liu Le-Jia 대한전기학회 2024 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.19 No.1

The number of cables used for urban power supply increases rapidly. The sheath current in these cables, which is generated via induction, produces a current loss. When the situation is serious, the ground lead and the middle connector of the cable will be burned. In this paper, the existing single-core cable equivalent circuit model is used to calculate the sheath current of a 3-phase cable under the condition of non-transposition and cross connection. By comparing the calculated results with the simulation and the experimental results, it is found that the current distribution law for the sheath, which was obtained using the existing model, difers substantially from both the simulation and actual measurements. The error reason of the existing model is revealed, and it is found that the magnitude and phase of the current in the metal sheath of the cable varies with the position under the combined efect of distributed capacitances in the cable and the core-current fux, especially for a 3-phase cross connection, each section of the cable does not meet Kirchhof’s laws, but the sheath electric current in the existing models are considered equal everywhere. Therefore, a novel cable equivalent model is proposed in this paper, which is based on a distributed circuit, and an equation to calculate the sheath current is derived. The model presented in this paper corrects the problems of the existing model, which can be applied to power system, subway, high-speed rail, and any application of single-core cables.

Changes of Heart Rate Variability by Moxibustion on Sanyinjiao Acupoint

Li Mei Lin,Tai Chu Peng,Ru Ping Lee,Bang Gee Hsu,Shu Fang Wang 한국간호과학회 2011 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.10

Antioxidant Flavone Glycosides from the Root of Pteroxygonum giraldii

Bao-Lin Li,Lin-Ling Jiang,Hui-Chun Wang,Zhan-Jun Yang,Xi-Quan Zhang,Hong-Mei Gu,Xian-Hua Tian 대한화학회 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.7

Two new flavone glycosides, giraldiin A and B, together with three known compounds, annulatin, myricetin 3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside and gallic acid, were isolated from the ethanol extract of the root of Pteroxygonum giraldii Damm. et Diels. The structures of giraldiin A and B are designated as 3'-(α-L-arabinopyranosyloxy)-4',5,5',7-tetrahydroxy-3-methoxyflavone and 4'-(β-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-5,5',7-trihydroxy-2',3-dimethoxyflavone, respectively,on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analyses. The free radical scavenging activity of giraldiin A was evaluated by decolouring spectrophotometry of pentamethine cyanine dye (Cy5) with Fe2+-H2O2 Fenton radical generating system. The results indicated the hydroxyl free radical scavenging activity of giraldiin A (ED50 = 23.7 nmol/mL) is higher than that of some known antioxidants such as rutin, puerarin, daidzein and 2,6-di-tertbutyl-4-methylphenol.

Expression and Effects of JMJD2A Histone Demethylase in Endometrial Carcinoma

Wang, Hong-Li,Liu, Mei-Mei,Ma, Xin,Fang, Lei,Zhang, Zong-Feng,Song, Tie-Fang,Gao, Jia-Yin,Kuang, Ye,Jiang, Jing,Li, Lin,Wang, Yang-Yang,Li, Pei-Ling Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.7

Previous studies have demonstrated that JMJD2A is a potential oncogene and is overexpressed in human tumors. However, its role in the endometrial carcinoma remains largely unknown. In this study, we discovered that JMJD2A was overexpressed in endometrial carcinoma, using immunohistochemistry, quantitative realtime polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting. Downregulation of JMJD2A led to reduced endometrial carcinoma RL95-2 and ISK cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis as asessed with cell counting kit-8, cell migration and invasive assays. Collectively, our results support that JMJD2A is a promoter of endometrial carcinoma cell proliferation and survival, and is a potential novel drug target.