Banking Sector Depth and Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence from Vietnam

LE, Thi Thuy Hang,LE, Trung Dao,TRAN, Thi Dien,DUONG, Quynh Nga,DAO, Le Kieu Oanh,DO, Thi Thanh Nhan Korea Distribution Science Association 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.3

The Vietnamese economy is a developing country that has brought many opportunities and challenges for the banking system. Commercial banks have developed strongly from quality to quantity, which plays a vital role in developing the economy. They play an important role in capital formation, which is essential for the economic development of a country. They provide financial services to the general public and businesses, ensuring economic and social stability and sustainable growth of the economy. Therefore, the relationship between bank depth and economic growth is of importance in research. This paper used a VAR (Vector Autoregressive Models) estimator for time series data models. The data is collected quarterly from the first quarter of the year 2000 to 2020. The study uses the VAR model to examine the causal relationships of economic growth, growth in money supply expansion, private sector capital requirement, and banks' domestic credit. The results indicate a general short-run relationship between banking sector depth and economic growth with a positive connection, but in the long term, the relationship between these variables can be reversed because of other macro factors. The findings show the two-way causal relationship between GDP growth and banking depth factors. This research contributes to policy-making by underlining the banking sector depth determinants when setting regulations and policies to develop the banking sector.

Baseline susceptibility of Asian corn borer (Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée)) populations in Vietnam to Cry1Ab insecticidal protein

Duc Khanh Le,Quang Khai Le,Thi Thuy Hang Tran,Duc Viet Nguyen,Thi Hang Dao,Thi Thuy Nguyen,Xuan Lam Truong,Quang Cuong Nguyen,Huy Phong Pham,Thi Thu Thuy Phan,Gajendra Babu Baktavachalam 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.2

Susceptibility of Asian corn borer (ACB), Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) to Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry1Ab protein was studied between 2015 and 2016 with 11 ACB populations, collected from various geographical regions in Vietnam. A concentration range of Cry1Ab from 0.20 to 26.10 ng/cm 2 of diet was evaluated against F 1 ACB neonates using diet surface-overlay bioassays. Mortality data was recorded daily until seven days after infestation. Growth inhibition was recorded at the end of seven days. The median lethal concentration (LC 50 ) varied ≈3-fold among the different populations, ranging from 0.58 to 1.83 ng/cm 2 of diet with an overall mean of 0.86 ng/cm 2 of diet. Even the lowest concentration of 0.20 ng/cm 2 caused 73.53% growth inhibition. > 90% growth inhibition was achieved at 0.82 ng/cm 2 or higher concentrations. The results reflect natural variation in Bt susceptibility among ACB populations rather than variation caused by prior exposure to selection pressures. LC 99 value (17.26 ng/cm 2 ) was generated by pooling mortality data across different populations. The upper fiducial limit of LC 99 (24.38 ng/cm 2 ) could be a potential diagnostic dose for future resistance monitoring programs. The findings from this study suggest that ACB populations in Vietnam are highly susceptible to Cry1Ab protein. This is the first report of Cry1Ab susceptibility of different ACB populations in Vietnam and will serve as a baseline for future resistance monitoring work.

SCN1A Gene Mutation and Adaptive Functioning in 18 Vietnamese Children with Dravet Syndrome

Thi Thu Hang Do,Diem My Vu,Thi Thuy Kieu Huynh,Thi Khanh Van Le,손은화,Thieu Mai Thao Le,Huu Hao Ha,Chi Bao Bui 대한신경과학회 2017 Journal of Clinical Neurology Vol.13 No.1

Background and Purpose Dravet syndrome is a rare and severe type of epilepsy in infants. The heterogeneity in the overall intellectual disability that these patients suffer from has been attributed to differences in genetic background and epilepsy severity. Methods Eighteen Vietnamese children diagnosed with Dravet syndrome were included in this study. SCN1A variants were screened by direct sequencing and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification. Adaptive functioning was assessed in all patients using the Vietnamese version of the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, and the results were analyzed relative to the SCN1A variants and epilepsy severity. Results We identified 13 pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants, including 6 that have not been reported previously. We found no correlations between the presence or type of SCN1A variants and the level of adaptive functioning impairment or severity of epilepsy. Only two of nine patients aged at least 5 years had an adaptive functioning score higher than 50. Both of these patients had a low frequency of convulsive seizures and no history of status epilepticus or prolonged seizures. The remaining seven had very low adaptive functioning scores (39 or less) despite the variability in the severity of their epilepsy confirming the involvement of factors other than the severity of epilepsy in determining the developmental outcome. Conclusions Our study expands the spectrum of known SCN1A variants and confirms the current understanding of the role of the genetic background and epilepsy severity in determining the developmental outcome of Dravet syndrome patients.

Critical Factors Affecting the Innovation Activities of Businesses: Evidence from Binh Dinh Province, Vietnam

NGUYEN, Thi Le Hang,PHAM, Ngoc Toan,DAO, Vu Phuong Linh,NGO, Thi Thanh Thuy,LE, Thi Thanh Binh Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.7

The study investigates the factors influencing the innovation activities in the enterprises in the Binh Dinh Province, Vietnam. By employing the dataset from a survey in 200 typical enterprises in Binh Dinh and using the Exploratory Factor Analysis and regression analysis, we found that there are eight factor groups affecting the innovation activities of enterprises. They include management of innovation promotion; market research capacity; leadership inspiring innovation; culture of innovation; human resources for implementing innovation; network connection; disseminating/sharing knowledge; and impact of producing/serving technology. All these factors strongly affect the innovation activities, which plays an important role in promoting the sustainable development of the Vietnamese enterprises, with the statistical significance level at 1%. Moreover, findings also show that, among these factors, the market research capacity is the strongest determinant of the innovation activity in the enterprise. An increase of 1 point of capacity of market research will increase the innovation activities in the enterprise by 0.114 point. It is followed by the management of promoting innovation, leadership inspiring innovation, and disseminating and sharing knowledge, with 0.104, 0.103 and 0.102 score, respectively. On the other hand, network connection is the weakest factor, with the score of 0.07 point.

Direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide over palladium catalysts supported on glucose-derived amorphous carbons

Hang Thi Thuy Vu,Viet Le Nam Vo,정영민 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.6

Untreated and sulfonated biomass-derived amorphous carbons were prepared by the pyrolysis of D-glucose at different temperatures, followed by sulfonation. Not only the surface functional group concentration but also the structure of polyaromatic carbon sheets was significantly affected by the carbonization temperature and sulfonation. More importantly, the carbonization temperature played a crucial role in determining the size of Pd nanoparticles (NPs) on glucose-derived carbons (GCx) and thereby affected the catalytic performance of Pd/GCx for the direct synthesis of hydrogen peroxide (DSHP). The volcano-shaped dependency between the Pd NP size and the carbonization temperature of GCx agrees well with the reverse relationship between the Pd NP size and the catalytic activity of Pd/ GCx. The flexible polyaromatic carbon sheet structure of the GCx was beneficial in increasing the sulfonic acid group content on the carbon surface and, therefore, H2O2 selectivity was improved in the presence of the Pd/S-GC2 catalyst (Pd supported on the sulfonated glucose-derived carbon pyrolyzed at 723 K). However, both H2 conversion and H2O2 productivity decreased over the same catalyst, possibly due to the decreased number of active sites on the clustered or single-site Pd. Reducing the catalyst resulted in a decrease in H2O2 selectivity by significantly lowering the Pd2+/Pd0 ratio and increasing the Pd NP size. These results clearly demonstrate that fine control of the physicochemical properties of the active metal and GCx support and their synergistic combination is essential to realize an efficient Pd catalyst supported on GCx for the DSHP reaction.

Factors Affecting the Choice of Banks: Do Bank’s Interest Rate, Employee Image and Brand Matter?

Le Kieu Oanh DAO,Huynh Huu LOC,Van Chien NGUYEN,Le Thi Thuy HANG,Thi Tuyet DO 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.1

The banking system provides a number of important functions for the economy and is also the lifeblood and financier of the economy in each country. Large amounts of idle money have not been exploited by banks; however, banks still depend on loans, including loans from foreign banks, to meet the growing demand, as such, for banks, the cost of capital is high, the stability and business efficiency are low and banks have not promoted their internal resources to grow steadily. To achieve the goal, this research analyzes the factors affecting the choice of bank for the deposit decisions of customers in Vietnam. The study used a sample data of 250 individuals and SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The results showed that customer policy has a positive effect on customers’ deposit decisions in a bank, and this is new evidence regarding behavioral theory in the case of Vietnam. Results further demonstrated that other factors such as employee image, brand, interest rate, relative influencing, and transaction time positively impact the choice of bank for the deposit decisions of customers. However, the bank’s promotion strategies had no impact on the choice of bank for the deposit decisions of customers. Besides, employee image is the most influential factor in the deposit decisions, followed by the bank’s brand and interest rate.

Factors Affecting Efficiency of Electronic Customs and Firm Performance in Vietnam

NGUYEN, Hang Thanh,GRANT, David Bruce,BOVIS, Christopher,NGUYEN, Thuy Thi Le,MAC, Yen Thi Hai Korea Distribution Science Association 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.2

The paper identifies the enablers (drivers) and inhibitors (barriers) influencing e-customs implementation in Vietnam (known as a developing country with a lower technological environment) along with determining the impact of e-customs on firm performance. The survey was conducted with the representatives (managers) of firms in five cities and provinces dominating Vietnam's international trade. The data was analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM). The findings show two significant drivers (enablers) - relative advantages and national culture, while compatibility and ease of use are the barriers. Previous studies showed that cultural dimensions related to 'uncertainty acceptance' and 'individualism' encourage innovation; however, this paper demonstrates that 'uncertainty avoidance' and 'collectivism' promote e-customs deployment in Vietnam. Previously, Vietnamese culture was known for scoring high on cultural dimensions related to 'power distance' and 'short-term orientation'. However, today, as an emerging country, Vietnamese has switched to 'low distance' and 'long-term orientation', especially in terms of e-customs innovation. Additionally, the paper also emphasized that e-customs implementation had a positive influence on firm performance in Vietnam. Based on the results of the paper, policy-makers can devise essential solutions to enhance e-customs implementation as well as managers of firms can set-up strategies to adapt to the modernized environment.

Factors Affecting Financial Risk: Evidence from Listed Enterprises in Vietnam

DANG, Hang Thu,PHAN, Duong Thuy,NGUYEN, Ha Thi,HOANG, Le Hong Thi Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.9

This paper analyzes factors affecting enterprise's financial risk listed on the Vietnam stock market. The panel data of research sample includes 524 non-financial listed enterprises on the Vietnam stock market for a period of eleven years, from 2009 to 2019. The Generalized Least Square (GLS) is employed to address econometric issues and to improve the accuracy of the regression coefficients. In this research, financial risk is measured by the Alexander Bathory model. Debt structure, Solvency, Profitability, Operational ability, Capital structure are independent variables in the study. Firm Size, firm age, growth rate are control variables. The model results show that in order to prevent and limit financial risk for enterprises listed on the Vietnam Stock Market, attention should be paid to variables reflecting Liability structure ratio, Quick Ratio, Return on Assets, Total asset turnover, Accounts receivable turnover, Net assets ratio and Fixed assets ratio. The empirical results show that there are differences in the impact of these factors on the financial risk in state-owned enterprises and non-state enterprises listed on the Vietnam stock market. The findings of this article are useful for business administrators, helping business managers make the right financial decisions to improve the efficiency of financial risk management in enterprises.

Chemical constituents of the Annona glabra fruit and their cytotoxic activity.

Hien, Nguyen Thi Thu,Nhiem, Nguyen Xuan,Yen, Duong Thi Hai,Hang, Dan Thi Thuy,Tai, Bui Huu,Quang, Tran Hong,Tuan Anh, Hoang Le,Kiem, Phan Van,Minh, Chau Van,Kim, Eun-Ji,Kim, Seung Hyun,Kang, Hee Kyoun Swets Zeitlinger 2015 PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY Vol.53 No.11

<P>Traditional Chinese medicines have attracted increasing interest as potential sources of novel drugs with a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. Annona glabra Linn (Annonaceae) is used in traditional medicine as an anticancer drug. Phytochemical investigation of this plant led to the isolation of acetogenins, ent-kauranes, peptides, and alkaloids. In addition, compounds exhibited anticancer, anti-HIV-reserve, and antimalaria.</P>

Characterization of Ag-Doped p-Type SnO Thin Films Prepared by DC Magnetron Sputtering

Pham, Hoai Phuong,Thuy, Thanh Giang Le,Tran, Quang Trung,Nguyen, Hoang Hung,My Hoa, Huynh Tran,Thi Thu, Hoang,Cuong, Tran Viet Hindawi Limited 2017 Journal of nanomaterials Vol.2017 No.-

<P>Crystalline structure and optoelectrical properties of silver-doped tin monoxide thin films with different dopant concentrations prepared by DC magnetron sputtering are investigated. The X-ray diffraction patterns reveal that the tetragonal SnO phase exhibits preferred orientations along (101) and (110) planes. Our results indicate that replacing Sn<SUP>2+</SUP> in the SnO lattice with Ag<SUP>+</SUP> ions produces smaller-sized crystallites, which may lead to enhanced carrier scattering at grain boundaries. This causes a deterioration in the carrier mobility, even though the carrier concentration improves by two orders of magnitude due to doping. In addition, the Ag-doped SnO thin films show a p-type semiconductor behavior, with a direct optical gap and decreasing transmittance with increasing Ag dopant concentration.</P>