우리나라 소아에서의 β- Lactamase 산생 Escherichia의 장관내 존재

박현수,김경희,조양자,서인수 대한감염학회 1989 감염 Vol.21 No.2

In order to evaluate the possibility that facal E. coli might serve as a reservoir of β-lactamases for Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, or other members of the Family Enterbacteriaceae, 135 fecal E. coli isolates from Korean children uder two years of age were tested for resistance to ampicillin (??) and for β-lactamases activity. ?? was found in 115(85%) strains of E. coli tested. Of the 115 ?? E. coli, 87(76%) were β-lactamases producers. High rates of ?? and β-lactamases activity were found uniformly in various pathogenic types of E. coli. Our observations raise questions concerning the importance of fecal E. coli in the prevalance of β-lactamase producing bacteria in the community. Fecal E. coli of Korean children may be important in the epidemiology of β-lactamases producing pathogens in humans.

Plasmid Profile 을 利用한 Clostridium difficile 전파의 硏究

서인수,조양자,김경희,한왕수,Murray,Barbara E. 대한감염학회 1984 감염 Vol.16 No.2

The study of the epidemiology of infection with Clostridium difficile would be aided by a way to type individual bacterial isolates. We therefore sought plasmid profiles for use in typing. We cultured a wide array of C. difficile strains isolated from patients with antibioticassociated diarrhea or colitis, asymptomatic carriers, and from the patient environment. Of the 51 strains of C. difficile tested, 71% of the strains had one to seven plasmids ranging in molecular weight from 1.5-to>200-Mdal. Strains with and without plasmids were examined for cytotoxicity Eleven % of 36 strains with plasmids and 27% of the 15 strains without plasmids showed no toxicity. The genetic elements responsible for cytotoxicity do not appear to be connected with readily detectable plasmid DNA. Plasmid analysis also suggested that a strain with a 200-Mdal plasmid may be responsible for one cluster of C. difficile disease observed in one day care center.

한국어린이 설사증에 있어 Clostridium difficile의 분포 및 그의 병원적 의의

김경희,조양자,서인수 대한감염학회 1986 감염 Vol.18 No.1

Although recent reports from western countries suggest that Clostridium difficile has been implicated as an important agent in diarrheal disease of children, the frequency with which C. difficile occurs in Korean children with diarrhea has not been established. We, therefore, conducted a 12 month evaluation of C. difficile in 214 diarrheal children less than 2 years old and 52 age-matched controls in Korea. Toxigenic C. difficile plus free fecal C. difficile toxin or free fecal C. difficile toxin only was detected in stools of 33(15.4%) children hospitalized due to diarrhea and in stools of 2(3.8%) of 52 asymptomatic controls(p<0.05). Colonization of infants with C. difficile seems to occur during weaning probably from other carriers, e.g., food or their surroundings. The babies in turn may be an exogenous source of C. difficile for adults who are receiving antibiotics. These results suggest the importance of searching for C. difficile toxin in children who develop diarrhea in Korea.

Molecular and cytogenetic findings in 46,XX males

Soo Kyung Choi,Young Mi Kim,Ju Tae Seo,Jin Woo Kim,So Yeon Park,In Gul Moon,Hyun Mee Ryu,Inn Soo Kang,You Sik Lee 대한의학유전학회 1998 대한의학유전학회지 Vol.2 No.1

This paper reports 3 cases with 46,XX sex reversed male. Three 46,XX hypogonadal subjects showed complete sex reversal and had normal phallus and azoospermia. We studied them under clinical, cytogenetic and molecular aspects to find out the origin of the sex reversal. Patients had markedly elevated serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and lutenizing hormone (LH) and decreased or normal range of serum testosterone. The testicular volumes were small (3-8㎖). Testicular biopsy showed Leydig cell hyperplasia and atrophy of seminiferous tubules. We obtained a normal female karyotype with 46,XX, and the presence of Y chromosome mosaicism was ruled out through XY dual fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). By using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), we amplified short arm (SRY, PABY, ZFY and DYS14), centromere (DYZ3), and heterochromatin (DYZ1) region of the Y chromosome. PCR amplification of DNA from these patients showed the presence of the sex-determining region of the Y chromosome (SRY) but didn't show the centromere and heterochromatin region sequence. The SRY gene was detected in all the three patients. Amplification patterns of the other regions were different in these patients; one had four amplified loci (PABY+, SRY+, ZFY+, DYS14+), another hod two loci (SRY+, ZFY+) and the other had two loci (PABY+, SRY+). We have found that each patient's translocation elements had different breakpoints at upstream and downstream of the SRY gene region. We conclude that the testicular development in 46,XX male patients were due to insertion or translocation of SRY gene into X chromosome or autosomes.

A pandemic H1N1 influenza virus-like particle vaccine induces cross-protection in mice

Inn, Kyung-Soo,Lee, Gi-Ja,Quan, Fu-Shi Informa Healthcare USA, Inc. 2014 Immunological investigations Vol.43 No.3

<P>Influenza virus-like particles (VLPs) represent promising alternative vaccines. However, it is necessary to demonstrate that influenza VLPs confer cross-protection against antigenically distinct viruses. In this study, a VLP vaccine comprising hemagglutinin (HA) and M1 from the A/California/04/2009 (H1N1) were used and its ability to induce cross-protective efficacy against heterologous viruses A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) and A/New Caledonia/20/99 (H1N1) in mice was assessed. Vaccination with 2009 H1 VLPs induced significantly higher levels of IgG cross-reactive with these heterologous viruses after the second boost compared to after the prime or first boost. Lung virus titers also decreased significantly and the lung cross-reactive IgG response after lethal virus challenge was significantly greater in immunized mice compared to naïve mice. Vaccinated mice showed 100% protection against A/PR/8/34 and A/Caledonia/20/99 viruses with only moderate body weight loss and induction of cross-reactive recall, IgG antibody-secreting cell responses. The variations in HA amino acid sequences and antigenic sites were determined and correlated with induction of cross-protective immunity. These results indicate that VLPs can be used as an effective vaccine that confers cross-protection against antigenically distinct viruses.</P>

Analysis of haplotype and coamplification PCR dystrophin gene and Y-specific gene using PEP-PCR in single fetal cells

Soo Kyung Choi,Jin Woo Kim,Eun Hee Cho,Hyun Mee Ryu,Inn Soo Kang 대한의학유전학회 1998 대한의학유전학회지 Vol.2 No.1

Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy are the major neuromuscular disorders with X-linked recessive inheritance. Preimplantation diagnosis of sex determination has been generally applied to avoid male pregnancies with these diseases. However, in order to determine if the embryo is normal, carrier or affected regardless of the sex, there is a need for a combined analysis of specific exon on dystrophin gene as well as sex determination of embryo using the same biopsied blastomere. If the exon deletion is not determinable, further diagnosis of carrier or patient can be performed by haplotype analysis. in this study, we applied the primer extension preamplification (PEP) method, which amplifies the whole genome, in 40 cases of single amniocyte and 40 cases of chorionic villus cell. We analysed haplotypes using two (CA)n dinucleotide polymorphic markers located at the end of 5' and 3' region of the dystrophin gene. Exon 46 of dystrophin gene and DYZ3 on chromosome Y were chosen as a target sequence for coamplification PCR. Upon optimizing the conditions, the amplification rates were 91.25% (73/80) for haplotypes (92.5% in amniocyte, 90% in chorionic villus cell) and 88.75% (71/80) for coamplification (85% in amniocyte, 92.5% in chorionic villus cell). The result of the study indicates that haplotypes analysis and coamplification of dystrophin and Y-specific gene using PEP can be applied to prenatal and prelmplantation diagnosis in Duchenne/Becker muscular dystrophy making It possible to determine if the fetus is a carrier or an affected one.

A Successful Pregnancy Following Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD) using Primer Extension Preamplification (PEP)-PCR in a Carrier of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD)

( Inn Soo Kang ),( Soo Kyung Choi ),( Jin Hyun Jun ),( En Ho Lee ),( Ho Joon Lee ),( Jong Young Jun ) 대한산부인과학회 1996 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.78 No.-

Prenatal diagnosis of the spinal muscular atrophy type Ⅰ using genetic information from archival slides and paraffin-embedded tissues

Soo Kyung Choi,Eun Hee Cho,Jin Woo Kim,So Yeon Park,Young Mi Kim,Hyun Mee Ryu,Inn Soo Kang,Jung Young Jun,Je G. Chi 대한의학유전학회 1998 대한의학유전학회지 Vol.2 No.2

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type Ⅰ is a common severe autosomal recessive inherited neuromuscular disorder that has been mapped to chromosome 5q11.2-13.3. The survival motor neuron (SMN) gene, a candidate gene, is known to be deleted in 96% of patients with SMA type Ⅰ. Presently, PCR and single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analyses have been made possible for application to both archival slides and paraffin-embedded tissues. Archival materials represent valuable DNA resources for genetic diagnosis. We applied these methods for the identification of SMN gene of SMA type Ⅰ in archival specimens for the prenatal diagnosis. In this study, we performed the prenatal diagnosis with chorionic villus sampling (CVS) cells on two women who had, experienced neonatal death of SMA type Ⅰ. DNA extraction was done from archival slide and tissue materials and PEP-PCR was performed using CVS cells. In order to identify common deletion region of SMN and neuronal apoptosis-inhibitory protein (NAIP) genes, cold PCR-SSCP and PCR-restriction site assay were carried out. Case 1 had deletions of the exons 7 and 8, and case 2 had exon 7 only on the telomeric SMN gene. Both cases were found to be normal on NAIP gene. These results were the some for both CVS and archival biopsied specimens, in both cases, the fetuses were, therefore, predicted to be at very high risk of being affected and the pregnancy were terminated. These data clearly demonstrate that archival slide and paraffin-embedded tissues can be a valuable source of DNA when the prenatal genetic diagnosis is needed in case any source for genetic analysis is not readily available due to previous death of the fetus or neonate.

Linear Ubiquitin Assembly Complex Negatively Regulates RIG-I- and TRIM25-Mediated Type I Interferon Induction

Inn, Kyung-Soo,Gack, Michaela U.,Tokunaga, Fuminori,Shi, Mude,Wong, Lai-Yee,Iwai, Kazuhiro,Jung, Jae U. Elsevier 2011 Molecular cell Vol.41 No.3

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Upon detection of viral RNA, retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I) undergoes TRIM25-mediated K63-linked ubiquitination, leading to type I interferon (IFN) production. In this study, we demonstrate that the linear ubiquitin assembly complex (LUBAC), comprised of two RING-IBR-RING (RBR)-containing E3 ligases, HOIL-1L and HOIP, independently targets TRIM25 and RIG-I to effectively suppress virus-induced IFN production. RBR E3 ligase domains of HOIL-1L and HOIP bind and induce proteasomal degradation of TRIM25, whereas the NZF domain of HOIL-1L competes with TRIM25 for RIG-I binding. Consequently, both actions by the HOIL-1L/HOIP LUBAC potently inhibit RIG-I ubiquitination and antiviral activity, but in a mechanistically separate manner. Conversely, the genetic deletion or depletion of HOIL-1L and HOIP robustly enhances virus-induced type I IFN production. Taken together, the HOIL-1L/HOIP LUBAC specifically suppresses RIG-I ubiquitination and activation by inducing TRIM25 degradation and inhibiting TRIM25 interaction with RIG-I, resulting in the comprehensive suppression of the IFN-mediated antiviral signaling pathway.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► HOIL-1L/HOIP LUBAC suppresses RIG-I-mediated type I interferon signaling ► HOIL-1L/HOIP LUBAC interacts with TRIM25 to induce its degradation ► LUBAC inhibits the K63-linked ubiquitination of RIG-I induced by TRIM25 ► LUBAC interacts with TRIM25 and RIG-I independently, inhibiting their interaction</P>

Prenatal diagnosis of the spinal muscular atrophy type I using genetic information from archival slides and paraffin-embedded tissues

Choi, Soo-Kyung,Cho, Eun-Hee,Kim, Jin-Woo,Park, So-Yeon,Kim, Young-Mi,Ryu, Hyun-Mee,Kang, Inn-Soo,Jun, Jung-Young,Chi, Je-G. Korean Society of Medical Genetics 1998 대한의학유전학회지 Vol.2 No.2

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type I is a common severe autosomal recessive inherited neuromuscular disorder that has been mapped to chromosome 5q11.2-13.3. The survival motor neuron (SMN) gene, a candidate gene, is known to be deleted in 96% of patients with SMA type I. Presently, PCR and single strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analyses have been made possible for application to both archival slides and paraffin-embedded tissues. Archival materials represent valuable DNA resources for genetic diagnosis. We applied these methods for the identification of SMN gene of SMA type I in archival specimens for the prenatal diagnosis. In this study, we performed the prenatal diagnosis with chorionic villus sampling (CVS) cells on two women who had experienced neonatal death of SMA type I. DNA extraction was done from archival slide and tissue materials and PEP-PCR was performed using CVS cells. In order to identify common deletion region of SMN and neuronal apoptosis-inhibitory protein (NAIP) genes, cold PCR-SSCP and PCR-restriction site assay were carried out. Case 1 had deletions of the exons 7 and 8, and case 2 had exon 7 only on the telomeric SMN gene. Both cases were found to be normal on NAIP gene. These results were the same for both CVS and archival biopsied specimens. In both cases, the fetuses were, therefore, predicted to be at very high risk of being affected and the pregnancy were terminated. These data clearly demonstrate that archival slide and paraffin-embedded tissues can be a valuable source of DNA when the prenatal genetic diagnosis is needed in case any source for genetic analysis is not readily available due to previous death of the fetus or neonate.