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Differences in Policy toward North Korea between South Korea-U.S. from May to December in 2017
Nam Kwang-Kyu(남광규),Yoo Ho-Yeol(유호열) 한국공공사회학회 2018 공공사회연구 Vol.8 No.3
본 논문은 한국정부와 미국정부사이에 대북정책을 놓고 약간의 차이를 보이면서 어떤 상황들, 정책결정들이 이루어지고 있는지를 살피고 있다. 시기적으로는 2017년 5월부터 12월 까지 북핵문제에 대한 한국과 미국 정부의 정책을 비교, 분석하고 있다. 특히, 2017년 사드배치를 놓고 한미 간의 갈등과 긴장, 북핵문제에 대한 처방과 해법에서 약간의 이견을 보이면서 각각의 정책결정이 어떻게 진행되었는지를 살피고 있다. 문재인 정부가 들어선 이후 작년까지 대북정책을 둘러싼 한미 간 차이점은 남북관계 발전과 한미동맹 사이에서 문재인정부에게 적지 않은 딜레마를 안겨 주었다. 구체적으로 사드(THAAD·고고도미사일방어체계) 배치에 대한 문재인 정부의 중립적 입장과 북한의 비핵화를 위한 구체적인 수단, 대화 재개를 위한 조건들에 있어서 한미 간에는 적지 않은 차이점을 노정했다. 사드 배치에 대한 부정적인 대응은 미국의 불신을 야기시켰고 군사적 수단까지 배제하지 않는 트럼프행정부의 대북 압박은 대화를 위한 대북 압박을 추구하는 문재인정부와 조율되기 어려웠다. 북한에 대한 인도적 지원접근도 한미 간 갈등요소였고 북한과의 대화가 가능할 경우 제기될 수 있는 대북제재 유지문제와 대북지원 재개도 갈등적 요소였다. 올 들어 한반도정세는 작년과는 전혀 다른 방향으로 전개되고 있지만 대북정책을 둘러싼 한미 간 차이와 갈등은 대화와 협상 국면에도 잠재해 있다. 현재 남북정상회담과 북미정상회담을 통해 비핵화에 합의함으로써 한반도 정세가 급변하고 있지만 대북정책을 둘러싼 한미 간 차이점이 완전히 해소된 것은 아니다. 완전한 비핵화와 관련해 중요한 행위자인 한국과 미국이 북핵문제에 대해 각기 어떠한 정책을 취하고 있는지 확인하는 것은 비핵화를 실현하는데 매우 중요한 요소다. 그런 점에서 본 논문은 북핵문제 해결 과정에서 한국이 주도적인 역할을 수행하기 위한 방안을 모색하는데 있어 고려해야 할 사안들을 짚어보고 있다. The objective of this paper is to present the realistic dilemma facing the Moon Jae-in administration that were aiming at pursuing both Korea-US alliance and cooperation with the North Korea, by analyzing the North Korean policies and the Korea-US relationship under the Moon administration during May 2017~December 2017. Specifically, comparing the different stances of the South Korea and the United States surrounding the contents of the alliance dealing with the North Korean nuclear issues and the Terminal High Altitude Area Defense(THAAD). It also revisits how the means to denuclearize the North have their limits in realistic terms and what the conditions on the resumption of dialogue for the related discussions. This paper reveals that the approach taken by the Moon administration regarding Pyongyang is similar to that of China, and that the Korea-US alliance is likely to weaken should there be any change concerning the North Korean nuclear issue. Thus, change in the issue in any direction will have possibility lead to a weaker alliance with the US. If the issue enters into a condition right for dialogue, as recently as, the US’ stance will likely be, in the long term, neutral. In addition, should the issue become one that urges a solution for peaceful regime on the Korean Peninsula, then it will need go beyond solving the nuclear issue itself to form a security community in the Northeast Asia as a whole.
Kyu Hyong Lee(李奎亨),Myong Nam Kim(金明男),Chan Yeol Woo(禹贊烈) 전남대학교 수산과학연구소 1992 수산과학연구소논문집 Vol.1 No.-
가막만에서 수하식 양식굴의 생산 기구에 관심을 갖고서 실태 파악차 1982년 이후 1990년까지 행사하여온 시설 규모와 생산량을 살펴 보았으며, 1985년부터 1990년에 걸쳐 9월부터 익년 2월까지 매월 18개 어장에서 시료를 채취하고 부착개체수 및 생잔 개체수, 각고, 각장, 각부중량 및 육중량을 조사하여 굴의 사망 실태와 성장 특성을 알아 보았다. 굴의 사망은 9월 이전부터 시작하여 대부분이 11월경에 종료되었다. 가막 만의 양식굴의 생산 실태와 성장 양상을 시ㆍ공간적으로 살펴본 결과, 생잔율, 성장(각고)량 및 대당 생산량은 각각 8.2~97.3%, 67.7~79.0㎝, 0.44~5.05M/T으로서 연도별 변동이 매우 컸으며, 지역 별로는 각 값이 언제나 외만역에서 컸고 내만역에서 작아 모두 유사한 양상이었다. 그리고 내만역(평사와 원포 어장)은 외만역(금봉과 장수 어장)보다 각고가 작고 각장이 큰 반면 육중량이 커서 각부 중량에 대한 육중량의 비율이 큰 성장특성을 나타냈으며 각각의 상대 성장 관계는 아래와 같았다. 또한, 같은 내만역에서도 동쪽(평사 어장)에서 비교적 생산성이 컸던 해(1986)에는 서쪽(원포 어장)에서 생산성이 작았고, 반대로 동쪽에서 생산성 이 작았던 해(1987~1989)에는 서쪽에서 생산성이 큰 특징을 보였다. Yield conditions and growth characteristics of hanging-culture oyster in Kamak bay were studied from 1982 to 1990 to find out the production mechanism of oyster farms area. Mortality of oyster begin before on September and come to an end on November mostly. Existence rate, growth amount of shell height and yield per facility of oyster in the bay ranged 8.2~97.3%, 67.7~79.0 mm and 0.44~5.05 M/T respectively, which varied variable fluctuation each year and each area. But the patterns of those showed similar features that large value in outter bay area than inner bay always. Relative growth character of inner bay has the low shell height and high shell length compare with outter bay area, on the other side the ratio of oyster meat against total weight showed high value. And east area of inner bay in 1986 were high production comparatively but west area showed, while on the other low production in east area from 1987 to 1989 showed high production in west.
Nam-Su Lee,Hee-Sook Park,Jong-Ho Won,Dae-Sik Hong,Su-Taek Uh,이상재,Joo-Hang Kim,Se-Kyu Kim,Myung-Ju Ahn,최정혜,Suk-Chul Yang,Jung-Ae Lee,Keun-Seok Lee,Chang-Yeol Yim,Yong-Chul Lee,Chul-Soo Kim,Moon-Hee Lee 대한암학회 2005 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.37 No.6
Purpose: We prospectively conducted a multi-center,open-label, randomized phase II trial to compare the efficacy and safety of docetaxel plus cisplatin (DC) and etoposideplus cisplatin (EC) for treating advanced stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Materials and Methods: Seventy-eight previously untreated patients with locally advanced, recurrent or metastatic NSCLC were enrolled in this study. The patientsreceived cisplatin 75 mg/m2 on day 1 and either docetaxel 75 mg/m2 on day 1 or etoposide 100 mg/m2 on days 1 to 3 in the DC or EC arm, respectively, every 3 weeks.Results: The objective response rate was 39.4% (15/38) and 18.4% (7/38) (p=0.023) in the DC and EC arms, respectively. The median time to progression (TTP) was5.9 and 2.7 months (p=0.119), and the overall survival was 12.1 and 8.7 months (p=0.168) in the DC and EC arms, respectively. The prognostic factors for longer survival were an earlier disease stage (stage III, p=0.0095), the responders to DC (p=0.0174) and the adenocarcinoma histology (p=0.0454). The grades 3 and 4 toxicities were similar in both arms, with more febrile neutropenia (7.9% vs. 0%) and fatigue (7.9% vs. 0%) being noted in the DC arm.Conclusion: DC offered a superior overall response rate than does EC, along with tolerable toxicity profiles, although the DC drug combination did not show significantlyimproved survival and TTP.
최소 증상 간성 뇌증에서 신경인지검사와 뇌 자기공명분광검사의 유용성
남순우 ( Nam Soon Woo ),김진일 ( Kim Jin Il ),박수헌 ( Park Soo Heon ),한남익 ( Han Nam Ik ),한준열 ( Han Joon Yeol ),안병민 ( Ahn Byung Min ),김재광 ( Kim Jae Kwang ),최상욱 ( Choi Sang Wook ),정규원 ( Chung Kyu Won ),선희식 ( Su 대한소화기학회 2003 대한소화기학회지 Vol.42 No.1
Background/Aims: The aim of the study was to correlate neuropsychological test results with regional cerebral biochemistry determined by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in patients with minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE). Methods: The patients with liver disease were divided into 4 groups; group 1 chronic hepatitis; group 2, liver cirrhosis (LC) without a history of HE; group 3, LC with a history of HE of no manifestation, and group 4, LC with overt HE. All patients were examined using neuropsychological tests and brain MRS. Results: Trail making, Digit span, Digit symbol, and Peg board test in groups 2 and 3 were significantly different compared with control. These neuropsychological tests were regarded more available test for diagnosis of MHE. In the LC patients, compared with control, MRS results showed a typical pattern with decrease of myoinositol/Cr (0.24±0.24 vs. 0.68±0.10, p<0.05) and increased glutamine-glutamate/Cr (2.97±0.80 vs. 1.94±0.47, p<0.05). The difference of myoinositol/Cr and glutamine-glutamate/Cr between patients with MHE and control was statistically significant (0.16±0.15 vs. 0.68±0.10, 3.11±0.72 vs. 1.94±0.47, p<0.05). Conclusions: Neuropsychological tests and MRS maybe useful for diagnosing MHE. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2003;42:50-56)
백서에서 신선초 8주 투여에 의한 quercetin, isoquercitrin 및 hyperoside의 체내농도 및 혈중 지질함량 변화
최규홍(Kyu Hong Choe),최선남(Sun-Nam Choe),주종재(Jong-Jae Choo),이정열(Jeong-Yeol Lee),김종연(Jong-Yeon Kim),김주완(Ju-Wan Kim),최지성(Ji-Sung Choi),박기석(Ki-Seok Park),박관하(Kwan Ha Park) 한국식품과학회 2007 한국식품과학회지 Vol.39 No.6
신선초의 건조분말을 사료에 5%수준으로 혼합하여 백서에 8주간 투여하였을 때, 총 cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol의 농도를 낮추며, HDL-cholesterol의 농도는 높이는 효과가 있음이 관찰되었다. 신선초에 존재한다고 알려진 항산화성 flavonoid들 중 quercetin과 그 배당체의 하나인 isoquercitrin이 백서의 체내에서 측정된 반면, 다른 quercetin 배당체인 hyperoside는 측정되지 않았다. 이 결과는 장기간 신선초투여에 의해 신선초에 함유된 quercetin 또는 그 배당체가 실제로 체내로 흡수되어 약리작용을 발휘할 수 있을 가능성을 제시해 준다. In this study, we examined the effects of Angelica keiskei (AK) in rats, in order to evaluate tissue quercetin concentrations and serum lipid profile changes. Dried AK powder was added to a regular chow at a 5% level, and fed for 8 weeks to male rats. AK significantly lowered serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, while it increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. However, AK did not influence serum triglyceride levels. Two antioxidant flavonoids present in AK, quercetin and its glycoside isoquercitrin, were detected in the serum and liver of the rat. However, another quercetin glycoside, hyperoside, was not detected in either the serum or liver despite its presence in the diet. These results indicate that AK seems to alter serum lipid concentrations, possibly through the body’s absorption of certain quercetin glycosides.
과량의 구리를 지속적으로 투여한 쥐에서 시간적 변화에 따른 간 손상의 전자현미경적 소견
한남익 ( Nam Ik Han ),최상덕 ( Sang Duk Choi ),정규원 ( Kyu Won Chung ),남순우 ( Soon Woo Nam ),한준열 ( Joon Yeol Han ),최상욱 ( Sang Wook Choi ),이영석 ( Young Sok Lee ),선희식 ( Hee Sik Sun ) 대한소화기학회 2003 대한소화기학회지 Vol.41 No.5
Background/Aims: This study was designed to clarify the sequential morphologic changes of copper overloaded-rat liver. Methods: The Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups according to copper and penicillamine administration: Group I. normal control injected with lipiodol; Group II, treated with copper only; Group III, treated with copper plus D-penicillamine. Liver tissues were stained with hematoxylin-eosin and rubeanic acid. In order to elucidate the ultrastructural changes of the liver, transmission electron microscopic examination was also performed. Results: Electron microscopic findings in copper-treated group were characterized by a number of copper-containing lysosomes at pericanalicular ectoplasm, normal sized and bizarre mitochondria with small vacuoles (at 2 weeks), dilated bile canaliculi with decreased microvilli (at 3 weeks), disruption of sinusoidal border (at 4 weeks), microsteatosis (at 5 weeks), a Councilman body-like inclusion in sinusoid and round hepatocytes undergone coagulation necrosis in sinusoid (at 7 weeks), increased collagen bundles in Disse space and loss of microvilli (at 12 weeks). There were increased copper containing granules in hepatocytes of copper plus D-penicillamine treated group, but normal ultrastructural findings were observed. Conclusions: These findings indicate that hepatic injury induced by copper overload is caused by deranged copper metabolism in the lysosome of the hepatocytes and administration of D-penicillamine in copper stressed rats seems to be effective for the restoration of hepatocyte function and morphologic changes. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2003;41:374-381)