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Kim, Bori,Park, Youn Duk,Min, Kyoungho,Lee, Jin Hong,Hwang, Seung Sang,Hong, Soon Man,Kim, Bong Hoon,Kim, Sang Ouk,Koo, Chong Min WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2011 Advanced Functional Materials Vol.21 No.17
<P>Without any contact with electrodes, nanostructured elastomers can electrically actuate, as reported by Sang Ouk Kim, Chong Min Koo, and co‐workers on page 3242. The cover image illustrates the electric actuation of nanostructured materials, dominated by a true electrostriction mechanism. The degree of surface polarization on the interface between mismatched dielectrics is expressed by the surface color of the dispersion phases. </P>
Kim, Mi-Sun,Park, Seung-Bin,Suk, Kyoungho,Kim, In Kyeom,Kim, Sang-Yong,Kim, Jeong-Ah,Lee, Seung Ho,Kim, Sang-Hyun Pharmaceutical Society of Japan 2009 Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin Vol.32 No.6
<P>Gallotannins are plant secondary metabolites and are widely included to polyphenolic compounds. Gallotannins are water-soluble polyphenols with wide-ranging biological activities. Nitric oxide (NO) is well known as a mediator of inflammation. Macrophages express inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and produce NO after lipopoly saccharide (LPS) stimulation. In the present study, we examined the inhibitory effects of seven gallotannins isolated from <I>Euphorbia</I> species (Euphorbiaceae) on the LPS-induced NO production and underlying mechanisms of action. Among the seven gallotannins, 1,2,3,4,6-penta-<I>O</I>-galloyl-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-glucose (gallotannin 15) and 1,2,6-tri-<I>O</I>-galloyl-β-<SMALL>D</SMALL>-allose (gallotannin 23) significantly reduced LPS-induced NO production in macrophages. Gallotannin 15 and 23 (0.1—10 μg/ml) dose-dependently decreased gene expression and production of iNOS. In addition, gallotannin 15 and 23 (0.1—10 μg/ml) dose-dependently inhibited LPS-induced activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB as indicated by inhibition of degradation of I-κBα, nuclear translocation of NF-κB, and NF-κB-dependent gene reporter assay. Our results suggest that gallotannins possess an inhibitory effect on the LPS-induced inflammatory reaction.</P>
Pathogenic Upregulation of Glial Lipocalin-2 in the Parkinsonian Dopaminergic System
Kim, Byung-Wook,Jeong, Kyoung Hoon,Kim, Jae-Hong,Jin, Myungwon,Kim, Jong-Heon,Lee, Maan-Gee,Choi, Dong-Kug,Won, So-Yoon,McLean, Catriona,Jeon, Min-Tae,Lee, Ho-Won,Kim, Sang Ryong,Suk, Kyoungho Society for Neuroscience 2016 The Journal of neuroscience Vol.36 No.20
<P>Lipocalin-2 (LCN2) is a member of the highly heterogeneous secretory protein family of lipocalins and increases in its levels can contribute to neurodegeneration in the adult brain. However, there are no reports on the role of LCN2 in Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we report for the first time that LCN2 expression is increased in the substantia nigra (SN) of patients with PD. In mouse brains, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) treatment for a neurotoxin model of PD significantly upregulated LCN2 expression, mainly in reactive astrocytes in both the SN and striatum. The increased LCN2 levels contributed to neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation, resulting in disruption of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic (DA) projection and abnormal locomotor behaviors, which were ameliorated in LCN2-deficient mice. Similar to the effects of MPTP treatment, LCN2-induced neurotoxicity was also observed in the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-treated animal model of PD. Moreover, treatment with the iron donor ferric citrate (FC) and the iron chelator deferoxamine mesylate (DFO) increased and decreased, respectively, the LCN2-induced neurotoxicity in vivo. In addition to the in vivo results, 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)induced neurotoxicity in cocultures of mesencephalic neurons and astrocytes was reduced by LCN2 gene deficiency in the astrocytes and conditioned media derived from MPP+-treated SH-SY5Y neuronal enhanced glial expression of LCN2 in vitro. Therefore, our results demonstrate that astrocytic LCN2 upregulation in the lesioned DA system may play a role as a potential pathogenic factor in PD and suggest that inhibition of LCN2 expression or activity may be useful in protecting the nigrostriatal DA system in the adult brain.</P>
제어망 특성을 반영한 물리적 일방향 자료전달 시스템 설계
김경호(KyoungHo Kim),장엽(Yeop Chang),김희민(Heemin Kim),윤정한(Jeong-Han Yun),김우년(Woonyon Kim) 한국정보과학회 2013 정보과학회논문지 : 정보통신 Vol.40 No.2
물리적 일방향 자료전달 기술은 망간 자료전송 기술 중 하나로, 외부망에서 내부망으로의 데이터 전송회선 자체를 제거하여 외부망에서의 침입가능성을 완전히 차단한다. 이러한 높은 안전성 때문에 제어망 보안을 위해 사용하려는 움직임이 커지고 있다. 하지만, 지금까지의 물리적 일방향 자료전달 시스템을 제어망에 적용하기에는 단일 세션만 사용 가능하고 비공개 프로토콜은 지원하지 않는 등의 어려움이 존재한다. 본 논문에서는 기존 물리적 일방향 자료전달 시스템의 문제점을 분석하고, 제어시스템 현장에 적용 가능한 물리적 일방향 자료전달 시스템을 설계하였다. Physical one-way data transfer is one of inter-network data transfer technologies. Since it removes data transfer lines from external network to internal network, no one can penetrate internal network from external network. Existing physical one-way data transfer systems don"t support multi-session communication. To apply them, we have to open private protocols and reconfigure network information. These features are not suitable for infrastructure control system. In this paper, we propose a physical one-way data transfer system design for control system network.
The Effect of Broodstock Age on the Spawning Performance of Cultured Haliotis discus hannai
Byoung-Hak Kim,KyoungHo Kang,ZhiFeng Zhang,JaeMin Kim,JanDi Kim,YoungHun Kim 한국패류학회 2003 The Korean Journal of Malacology Vol.19 No.2
The effect of broodstock age on the spawning performance of cultured abalone, Haliotis discus hannai, was assessed for five age groups (3, 4, 5, 6, 7 years old). Spawning performance of the five age groups was assessed in terms of the percentage of spawning abalone, eggs per spawning female, fertilization rates, hatch rates and attachment rates per spawning. The percentage of spawning abalone increased along with broodstock age, reached maximum in female groups of 5- and 6-year age (60%), and in male group of 6-year age (100%), subsequently decreased in 7-year age group. The number of eggs produced per spawning also increased with broodstock age, and the maximum was found in 6-year age. Although the number of spawned eggs for the oldest abalone declined, it still spawned much more eggs than 3, 4, and 5 years old females. The fertilization and hatch rates were obviously larger for 4-6 years old group than the younger and older abalones. The maxima were found in 5-year age group (96.0% and 84.5%), and the minimum were appeared in 7-year age group (79.3% and 58.2%). The attachment rate increased with broodstock age, reached maximum in 6-year age group (33.6%), although the increment gradually declined. The attachment rate for 7-year age group rapidly decreased (16.6%). These results suggested that broodstock age affected the spawning performance of H. discus hannai, which peaked between 5 and 6 years old, and broodstock should be bred during this period for hatchery production.
Kim, Kyoungho,Ahn, Junyoung,Park, Mirim,Lee, Hana,Kim, Yeon Ji,Chang, Taihyun,Jeon, Heung Bae,Paik, Hyun-jong American Chemical Society 2019 Macromolecules Vol.52 No.19
<P>We report on the chromatographic separation and characterization of living chains in polystyrene prepared by reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer (RAFT) polymerization. To achieve full chromatographic resolution of different living and dead chains, a polystyrene with distinctive end groups was prepared in RAFT polymerization by using a specially designed chain-transfer agent (R-S-(C═S)-S-Z<B>)</B> with polar hydroxyl end groups at both R and Z and a thermal initiator without hydroxyl group, 2,2′-azobis(isobutyronitrile). The structures of separated living chains derived from the RAFT agent and initiator were characterized using <SUP>1</SUP>H nuclear magnetic resonance and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Molecular-weight distribution (MWD) of the living chains derived from the RAFT agent is close to the Poisson distribution. However, the living chains grown from the initiator have a broader MWD with low-molecular-weight tailing. As the [initiator]/[RAFT agent] ratio increases, both the amount and the dispersity of the living chains initiated by the initiator fragment increase while the MWD of the living chains initiated by the fragment of the RAFT agent remains unchanged.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Kim, Byung-Wook,More, Sandeep Vasant,Yun, Yo-Sep,Ko, Hyun-Myung,Kwak, Jae-Hwan,Lee, Heesoon,Suk, Kyoungho,Kim, In-Su,Choi, Dong-Kug Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2016 Acta pharmacologica Sinica. Vol.37 No.3
<P>Aim: To investigate the anti-neuroinflammatory activity of a novel synthetic compound, 7-methylchroman-2-carboxylic acid N-(2-trifluoromethyl) phenylamide (MCAP) against LPS-induced microglial activation in vitro. Methods: Primary mouse microglia and BV2 microglia cells were exposed to LPS (50 or 100 ng/mL). The expression of iNOS and COX-2, proinflammatory cytokines, NF-kappa B and p38 MAPK signaling molecules were analyzed by RT-PCR, Western blot and ELISA. The morphological changes of microglia and nuclear translocation of NF-kappa B were visualized using phase contrast and fluorescence microscopy, respectively. Results: Pretreatment with MCAP (0.1, 1, 10 mu mol/L) dose-dependently inhibited LPS-induced expression of iNOS and COX-2 in BV2 microglia cells. Similar results were obtained in primary microglia pretreated with MCAP (0.1, 0.5 mu mol/L). MCAP dose-dependently abated LPS-induced release of TNF-alpha, IL-6 and IL-1 beta, and mitigated LPS-induced activation of NF-kappa B by reducing the phosphorylation of I kappa B alpha in BV2 microglia cells. Moreover, MCAP attenuated LPS-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK, whereas SB203580, a p38 MAPK inhibitor, significantly potentiated MCAP-caused inhibition on the expression of MEF-2 (a transcription factor downstream of p38 MAPK). Conclusion: MCAP exerts anti-inflammatory effects in murine microglia in vitro by inhibiting the p38 MAPK and NF-kappa B signaling pathways and proinflammatory responses. MCAP may be developed as a novel agent for treating diseases involving activated microglial cells.</P>
Kim, Jung-Hee,Jeong, Ji-Hye,Jeon, Sung-Tak,Kim, Ho,Ock, Jiyeon,Suk, Kyoungho,Kim, Sang-In,Song, Kyung-Sik,Lee, Won-Ha American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental 2006 Molecular pharmacology Vol.69 No.6
<P>In the course of screening inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 induction in macrophages, we isolated decursin, a coumarin compound, from the roots of Angelicae gigas. As a marker for the screening and isolation, we tested expression of MMP-9 in RAW264.7 cells and THP-1 cells after treatment with bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the TLR-4 ligand. Decursin suppressed MMP-9 expression in cells stimulated by LPS in a dose-dependent manner at concentrations below 60 microM with no sign of cytotoxicity. The suppressive effect of decursin was observed not only in cells stimulated with ligands for TLR4, TLR2, TLR3, and TLR9 but also in cells stimulated with interleukin (IL)-1beta, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, indicating that the molecular target of decursin is common signaling molecules induced by these stimulants. In addition to the suppression of MMP-9 expression, decursin blocked nitric oxide production and cytokine (IL-8, MCP-1, IL-1beta, and TNF-alpha) secretion induced by LPS. To find out the molecular mechanism responsible for the suppressive effect of decursin, we analyzed signaling molecules involved in the TLR-mediated activation of MMP-9 and cytokines. Decursin blocked phosphorylation of IkappaB and nuclear translocation of NF-kappaB in THP-1 cells activated with LPS. Furthermore, expression of a luciferase reporter gene under the promoter containing NF-kappaB binding sites was blocked by decursin. These data indicate that decursin is a novel inhibitor of NF-kappaB activation in signaling induced by TLR ligands and cytokines.</P>