Spawning Behavior, Egg Development, Larvae and Juvenile Morphology of Hyphessobrycon eques (Pisces: Characidae) Characidae Fishes

Jae-Min Park,Na-Ri Kim,Kyeong-Ho Han3,Ji-Hyeong Han,Maeng-Hyun Son,Jae-Kwon Cho 한국발생생물학회 2014 발생과 생식 Vol.18 No.4

Hyphessobrycon eques is a famous fish for ornamental fish market and aquarium. They are inhabit in regions of Amazon and Paraguay River basin. Serpae fishs were investigated 2–3 males are chased to female, and then males attempted to simulate the females abdomen. After fertilization, eggs were kept in incubators at 28oC. The fertilized eggs had adhesive and demesal characteristics and had a mean diameter of 0.92 ± 0.01 mm. Larvae hatched at 16 hrs post fertilization. The hatched larvae averaged 2.90 ± 0.16 mm in total length (LT). Complete yolk sac resorption and mouth opening occurred on the third day post hatching. At 45 days post hatching, the larvae were 12.5 ± 1.60 mm LT and had reached the juvenile stage.

넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)의 초기생활사에 관한 연구 I. 난발생과정 및 仔稚魚의 形態發達

韓景鎬,金容億 여수대학교 1997 論文集 Vol.11 No.2

Artificial fertilization of the flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus(Temminck et Schlegel) caught at Pohang brook was performed in May 19, 1995 and hatched larvae were reared for 50 days to describe the development of eggs and the morphogenesis of larvae and juveniles. The egg is bouyant, colorless and spherical in shape, measuring 0.90~0.94㎜ in diameter(mean: 0.92㎜). Hatching in the indoor tank with 17.60℃ in mean water temperature started from the 50 hours after fertilization. Newly-hatched larvae were measured 2.40~2.53㎜ in total length(TL, mean:2.49㎜), and mouth and anus were not yet open. Melanophores and xanthophores were present on the yolk and membrane fin, and on the dorsal and ventral part of the caudal region. Five days post-hatch larvae transformed to postlarval stage and they were 3.84~4.50㎜ in TL(mean: 4.20㎜). As yolk sac were completely resorbed, mouth and anus were open, and they fed rotifer, Branchionus plicatilis actively. In 18 days after hatching, the larvae grew to 7.85㎜ in TL, number of elongated dorsal fin rays 6~7, and membrane of these hypertrophied rays densely pigmented. Individuals of 11.40~13.25㎜ in TL(30 days after hatching) are regared to have attained to the juvenile stage. All the fins were well formed with complete set of fin rays(D. 76~83; A. 60~65; P. 14~16; V.6; C.18~19).

한국産 참복屬(참복科) 魚類의 分類學的 硏究

韓景鎬,金容億 여수대학교 1998 論文集 Vol.12 No.2

The taxonomic revision of the Genus Takifugu(Tetraodontidae) was conducted based on the specimens collected from the coasts of Korea Peninsula from July, 1990 to August, 1994. The species relationships of 15 species of the genus Takifugu were studied based on external morphological characters. Of these, 3 species are new to the Korean fish fauna. They are Takifugu bimaculatus (Richardson). Takifugu snyderi(Abe) and Takifugu sp... Based on spinous scales(prickles), the species of T. alboplumbeus, T. rubripes, T. chinensis, T. xanthopterus, T. niphobles, T. stictonotus, T. flavidus, T. bimaculatus have dorsal and ventral region, and those of T. obscurus have dorsal, ventral and opercular region, while T. snyderi, T. vermicularis, T. prophyreus have no spinous scales. Takifugu stictonotus have larger ventral spinous scales than dorsal ones. Takifugu alboplumbeus and T. poecilonotus were considered ancestral group because of the ancestral character of the vertebrae, dorsal and anal fin ray and pterygiophors.

포항 석병연안에서 삼중자망에 의해 채집된 어류의 종조성 및 양적변동

한경호,손종철,황동식,최수하 한국어류학회 2002 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.14 No.2

경상북도 포항시 석병 연안에서 삼중자망 5폭을 사용, 1998년 1월부터 12월까지 총 12회에 걸쳐 어류를 포획하여, 어류의 종조성 및 양적변동을 조사하였다. 포획된 어류는 총 1網 7目 27科 58種, 607개체, 93,427g으로 쏨뱅이 目(Scorpaeniformes)과 쏨뱅이 目(Scorpaeniformes) 어류가 총 41種으로 전체 출현종 수의 70.7%를 차지하여 우점하는 분류군이었으며, 科별로는 양볼락 科(Scorpaenidae) 어류가 8種 출현하여, 가장 많은 種이 출현하였다. 개체수에서 우점종은 망상어, 노래미, 쥐노래미, 용치놀래기, 쥐치, 볼락, 개볼락, 멸치 및 임연수어로 이들 9種이 전개체수의 62.9%를 차지하였다. 생체량에서 우점종은 망상어, 쥐노래미, 임연수어, 노래미, 볼락 및 용치놀래기로 이들 6種이 전생체량의 58.4%를 차지하였다. 출현 개체수와 생체량은 수온이 상승하는 4월과, 고수온기인 7월 및 10월에 높게 나타났으며, 저수온기인 1월에는 낮게 나타나, 수온과 밀접한 관계가 있었다. 월별 출현종수는 수온이 낮은 1월에 10種이 출현하여 가장 적었고, 수온의 상승폭이 큰 5월에 24種으로 가장 많았다. 종 다양도지수는 1.640~2.594의 범위로 경월변화가 적고, 인근 해역에 비해서 높은 지수를 나타내고 있어, 다양한 어종과 안정된 군집구조를 형성하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 조사해역에서 연 중 출현한 어종은 망상어, 노래미, 쥐노래미, 볼락 등이며, 체형이 크고 성장도가 양호할 뿐만 아니라 주거종으로서 경제성있는 어종으로 평가된다. Fishes were collected by trammel net to determine seasonal species composition and biomass in coastal waters of Seokbyeong, Pohang, Gyeongsangbuk-do from January to December, 1998. A total of 607 fishes(93,427g) was sampled and classified into 58 species belonging to 27 families and 7 orders. The most dominant orders were Scorpaeniformes and Perciformes, which together accounted for 70.7% of the total. The most dominant family Scorpaenidae was represented by eight species. The dominant species were Ditrema temmincki, Hexagrammos agrammus, H. otakii, Halichoeres poecilopterus, Stephanolepis cirrhifer, Sebastes inermis, Sebastes pachycephalus, Engraulis japonicus and Pleurogrammus azonus; they accounted for 62.9% of the total fishes collected. The dominant species in biomass were Ditrema temmincki, Hexagrammos agrammus, H. otakii, Halichoeres poecilopterus, Sebastes inermis and Pleurogrammus azonus. Those species accounted for 58.4% of the total biomass. The number of individuals and the biomass were much higher in summer and autumn than in winter and spring, and closely correlated with water temperature. Monthly number of species was highest in May, with 24 species and lowest in January, with 10 species. The highest diversity index was in June(H'=2.594), and lowest in January(H'=1.640). The diversity index was 1.640~2.594, with little monthly fluctuation. The diversity index in coastal waters of Seokbyeong was higher than that in other coastal waters. It suggest that the cluster structure may be stable.

영일만에 출현하는 부유성 난과 자치어의 종조성 및 계절변화

한경호,홍지선,김영섭,전경암,김영숙,홍병규,황동식 한국어류학회 2003 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.15 No.2

경상북도 영일만 연안에서 2001년 2월, 5월, 8월 및 11월에 계절별로 채집된 부유성 난과 자치어의 종조성 및 계절변화를 연구하였다. 채집된 부유성 난은 총 9개 분류군으로, 멸치가 출현량의 63.4%로 가장 우점하였고, 다음 까나리는 23.7%를 차지하였으며, 나머지는 7개 분류군이 12.9%를 차지하였다. 자치어는 총 7목 28과 37개의 분류군이 출현하였는데, 그 중 32개 분류군은 종 수준까지, 3개 분류군은 속 수준까지, 2개 분류군은 과 수준까지 동정하였다. 2월에는 2목 7과 12종, 5월에는 3목 5과 7종, 8월에는 6목 18과 21종, 11월에는 6목 14과 16종이 출현하였다. 주요 출현종으로서는 까나리가 자치어 출현량의 22.7%를 차지하여 가장 우점하였으며, 다음은 멸치가 16.7%, 동갈양태속 어류가 14.1%를 차지하였고, 노래미와 쥐노래미가 각각 5.7%와 5.5를 차지하였다. The ichthyoplanktons in coastal waters of Yongil Bay were sampled during four different months (February, May, August and November 2001) to study their distribution. The collected fish eggs were identified as belonging to nine species. The most dominant species Engraulis japonicus accounted for 63.4% of the total fish eggs, followed by Ammodytes personatus (23.7%) and Sardinops melanostictus (9.2%). The collected larvae and juveniles were identified into 37 taxa (28 families, 7 orders). Of these, 32 were identified to species, three were identified to genus and two were identified to family level. The dominant species Ammodytes personatus accounted for 22.7% of the total larvae and juveniles, followed by Engraulis japonicus (16.7%), and Repomucenus sp. (14.1%). These three taxa constituted 53.5% of the total collected larvae and juveniles.

버들치(Phoxinus oxycephalus) 仔稚魚의 골격 발달

한경호,노병율 여수대학교 2001 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

Twenty individuals of the Phoxinus oxycephalus (Sauvage et Dabry) were caught in Kyeongho River, Kyeongsangnam-do and were reared in the laboratory. During the rearing, they spawned 5 times in April, 1998, and their larvae and juveniles were reared. The osteological development of Phoxinus oxycephalus was studied based on them. At the cranium, parasphenoid was firstly ossified in the larvae (6 days after hatching), mean 6.44㎜ in total length (TL), and ossification of the cranium was completed in the juveniles (80 days after hatching), means 18.76㎜ in TL. At the visceral, opercle and dentary were firstly ossified in the larvae (13 days after hatching), mean 6.82㎜ in TL, and ossification of the visceral was completed in the juveniles (80 days after hatching). The ossification of the vertebral columns began posteriorly and was completed in the juveniles (80 days after hatching). The caudal skeleton was firstly ossified in the larvae (16 days after hatching), mean 7.02㎜ in TL and comleted in the larvae (44 days after hatching), 13.72㎜ in TL.

넙치(Paralichthys olivaceus)의 초기생활사 : ll. 仔稚魚의 골격발달 ll. Osteological Development of Larvae and Juveniles

韓景鎬,金容億 여수대학교 1998 論文集 Vol.13 No.2

넙치 친어를 1995년 5월 19일 오전 8시에 경상북도 포항시 종묘배양장에서 건식법으로 인공수정한 후 수정난에서 孵化한 仔魚를 사육하면서 孵化後 50일까지 매일 10개체를 무작위 추출하여 5% 중성 formalin에 고정시킨 뒤 표본을 염색하여 성장에 따른 골격의 정상적인 發達 過程을 관찰하였다. 1. 孵化後 6∼7일째인 全長 3.75∼3.87㎜의 仔魚에서 額骨과 頭蓋骨이 가장 먼저 骨化되기 시작한다. 2. 脊椎骨은 腹椎骨이 먼저 發達하여 尾椎骨 쪽으로 骨化가 진행되며 각 椎骨에 대응하는 神經棘과 血管棘이 椎體보다 먼저 骨化한다. 3. 腰帶骨은 肩帶部의 鎖骨 下部에 접착되어 있다. 4. 담기골은 脊椎骨과 각 지느러미 연조가 거의 완성된 후에 骨化한다. 5. 尾骨의 尾部棒狀骨은 앞의 椎體와 거의 동시에 骨化하기 시작한다. 6. 모든 내부 골격은 全長 14.60∼20.90㎜ 전후(孵化後 40∼50일째)에 肩帶骨과 腰帶骨이 완전하게 骨化됨으로서 모두 완성된다. The flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus (Temminck et Schlegel) used in the experimental were caught at Pohang brook was performed in May 19, 195 and hatched larvae were reared for 50 days to describe the osteological development of larvae and juveniles. Ossification of the cranium took place at 4.75㎜ of mean total length(MTL) in frontal, supraoccipital, parasphenoid and sphenotic. Ossification of the viseral skeleton occurred in areas where active movements of bones were required, notable in the parts for feeding(premaxillary, dentary, articular) and respiration(opercle, prepercle). Vertebrate began to develop from the anterior end and to ossify posteriorly. Neural and haemal spines of vertebrae ossified always prior to the corresponding centra. In jaw bones, maxillary and a part of dentary appeared first at 4.75㎜ of MTL and attained a fundamental structure at 6.47㎜ of MTL. Ossification of all bones was nearly completed at 16.80㎜ in MTL(45 day after hatching).

Scartella cristata (갈기베도라치: 국명신칭) 자치어의 형태발달

한경호,황동식 한국어류학회 2003 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.15 No.1

본 연구는 2001년 5월부터 10월에 광양만, 가막만 및 여수시 돌산도 연안에서 채집한 Scartella cristata의 발육단계에 따른 자치어의 형태를 관찰하였다. 채집돈 Scartella cristata 자치어는 총 235개체로 주로 7월과 8월에 각각 78개체, 93개체가 채집되어 가장 많았고, 체장범위는 2.53~15.85㎜였다. 본 종의 자치어들은 몸의 형태, 체형, 계수형질 및 흑색소포의 분포 상태가 Okiyama(1998)가 보고한 Scartella cristat의 결과와 일치하였다. Scartella cristata는 한국 미기록 어종으로 머리부분에 여러갈래의 피질돌기가 갈기 모양으로 형성되어 있는 특징에 근거하여 “갈기베도라치”로 국명을 신칭하였다. 평균 체장 2.57㎜의 자어는 난황이 완전하게 흡수되어 있고, 근절은 28~30개였다. 평균 체장 5.95㎜ 이상의 개체에서 완전하게 위로 굽어져 있었다. 평균 체장 10.50㎜ 전후의 개체들은 모든 지느러미 줄기가 정수에 달하여 치어기가 이행하였고, 평균체장 12.20㎜ 치어들은 코 부분과 눈 윗부분에 갈기모양의 피질돌기가 형성되기 시작하였다. The development of larvae and juveniles of the blenniid fish, Scartella cristata were studied based on the specimens collected in coastal waters of Yosu, Korea from May to October, 2001. 235 individuals of the species were collected during the study, which were 2.53-15.85㎜ in standard length. Body form, meristic characters and distribution of melanophores coincided with those of Scartella cristata described by Okiyama (1988), which was not revealed from Korean. Therefore, we proposed it's new Korean name as "Gal-gi-be-do-ra-chi". Yolk was completely absorbed when the larvae was about 2.57 mm in average standard length (ASL), with 28-30 myomeres. Flexion of the notochord started when the postlarvae was about 5.12 ㎜ in ASL and finished about 5.95 mm in ASL, respectively. The larvae had reached at the juvenile stage when 10.50㎜ in ASL and all the fins were completed. The cirri and fleshy crests were begun to appear on the snout and upper region of eye respectively when 12.20㎜ in ASL.

고흥반도 연안에 분포하는 浮遊性 卵·仔稚魚 종조성의 계절변동

한경호,신영호,황동식 한국어류학회 2002 韓國魚類學會誌 Vol.14 No.1

전라남도 고흥군 녹동연안에서 2000년에 계절별로 총 4회에 걸쳐 만조시 채집된 浮遊性 卵·仔種魚의 종조성 및 양적변동을 조사하였다. 조사기간 동안 채집된 浮遊性 卵은 총 8개 분류군이 출현하여 7개 분류군은 種 수준까지, 1개 분류군은 기타난으로 동정되었다. 그 중에선 멸치(Engraulis japonica)가 전체 출현량의 52.1%를 차지하여 가장 우점하였으며, 다음으로 기타난이 13.2%, 주둥치(Leiognat husnuchalis)가 12.3% 보리멸(Sillago sihama)이 8.6%, 앨퉁이(Maurolicus muelleri) 4.0%, 전어 (Konosirus punctatus) 1.0%, 참서대(Cynoglossus joyneri) 0.2%을 차지하였다. 仔種魚는 총 8目 26科 33屬 37개 분류군의 仔種魚가 출현하여,33개 분류군은 種 수준, 2개 분류군은 屬수준, 2개 분류군은 科 수준까지 동정되었다. 조사기간 동안 출현한 仔種魚 중에서 멸치가 31.7%를 차지하여 최우점하였으며, 망둑어科(Gobiidae)에 속하는 어류는 46.2%, 베도라치(Pholis nebulosa)와 실고기(Syngnathus schlegeli)는 각각 5.4%와 2.3%를 차지하였다. 조사기간 동안 출현한 仔種魚 중에서 이들 4개 분류군이 차지한 비율은 85.6%를 차지하였다. The ichthyoplankton were sampled during four different months (2000) to study their seasonal variations and species composition off Kohung Peninsula. During the study, the fish eggs were identified to eight taxa, seven of which were identified to species level, and one identified to order. The most dominant species. Engraulis japonicus, accounted for 52.1% of the total fish eggs, followed by Leiognathus nuchalis(4.0%), Sillago sihama(8.6%), Maurolicus muelleri(8.6%), Sardinops melanostictus(4.0%), Konosirus punctatus(1.0%), Cynoglossus joyneri(0.2%). The collected larvae and juveniles were identified to 37 taxa (33 genera, 26 families, 8 orders). Of these, 33 were identified to species level, and two were identified to genus and family level, respectively. The dominant species, Engraulis japonicus, accounted for 31.7% of the total larvae and juveniles; it was followed by Gobiidae(46.2%), Pholis nebulosa(5.4%) and Syngnathus schlegeli(2.3%). These four taxa constituted 85.6% of the total collected larvae and juveniles.

저질에 따른 바지락(Ruditapes philippinarum)의 염분내성

한경호,오성현,장선익,이우범,이원교 國立 麗水大學校 環境問題硏究所 2000 環境硏究論文集 Vol.3 No.-

Salinity tolerance of the manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum in Gang-jin Bay on the from May to June was investigated in two different types of sedimentary composition. In the experimental groups of sandy-mud, the survival and infiltration rate were good at 20~40ppt, but all the manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum died at more than 50ppt and less than 10ppt before the experiment finish. In the experimental groups of muddy, the survival and infiltration rate were the best at 25~35ppt and then 20ppt, 40ppt. All the manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum died at more than 45ppt and less than 15ppt. The survival rate in the experimental groups of sandy-mud was higher than muddy ones, and the infiltration rate was the highest at 20~35ppt in the both of two experimental groups. In the sand-mud, the manila clam, Ruditapes philippinarum infiltrated half of their shells but in the muddy, they infiltrated more then half of their shells.