Two Methods of Setting Positive End-expiratory Pressure in Acute Lung Injury: An Experimental Computed Tomography Volumetric Study

Jeon, Kyeongman,Jeon, Ik Soo,Suh, Gee Young,Chung, Man Pyo,Koh, Won-Jung,Kim, Hojoong,Kwon, O Jung,Han, Dai-Hee,Chung, Myung Jin,Lee, Kyung Soo The Korean Academy of Medical Sciences 2007 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.22 No.3

<P>This study was conducted to observe effects of two methods of setting positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) based on the pressure-volume (PV) curve. After lung injury was induced by oleic acid in six mongrel adult dogs, the inflation PV curve was traced and the lower inflection point (LIP) was measured. The 'PEEP<SUB>INF</SUB>' was defined as LIP+2 cmH<SUB>2</SUB>O. After recruitment maneuver to move the lung physiology to the deflation limb of PV curve, decremental PEEP was applied. The lowest level of PEEP that did not result in a significant drop in PaO<SUB>2</SUB> was defined as the 'PEEP<SUB>DEF</SUB>'. Arterial blood gases, lung mechanics, hemodynamics, and lung volumes (measured on computed tomography during end-expiratory pause) were measured at PEEP of 0 cmH<SUB>2</SUB>O, PEEP<SUB>INF</SUB> and PEEP<SUB>DEF</SUB> sequentially. The median PEEP<SUB>INF</SUB> was 13.4 cm H<SUB>2</SUB>O (interquartile range, 12.5-14.3) and median PEEP<SUB>DEF</SUB> was 12.0 cm H<SUB>2</SUB>O (10.0-16.5) (<I>p</I>=0.813). PEEP<SUB>DEF</SUB> was associated with significantly higher PaO<SUB>2</SUB> and lung volumes, and significantly lower shunt fraction and cardiac index when compared to PEEP<SUB>INF</SUB> (<I>p</I><0.05). Setting the PEEP based on the deflation limb of the PV curve was useful in improving oxygenation and lung volumes in a canine lung injury model.</P>

Effect of Rice Bran and Wood Charcoal on 50il Properties and Yield of Continuous Cropping of Red Pepper

Won, J.G.,Jang, K.S.,Hwang, J.E.,Kwon O.H.,Jeon, S.G.,Park, S.G.,Park,K.C.,Suh, Y.J. 한국유기농업학회 2011 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.19 No.S

To improve the soil properties of physical and microbial community rice bran and wood charcoal were applied in the continuously cultivated plastic 꺼1m house soil. Soil physical properties were improved by application of rice bran and charcoal compared to chemical fertilizer application (control) by 8-14% in bulk density and 5-9% in soil porosity. Changes in the biological ratio indexes of fatty acids in the soils were detected depending on the inputted materials. Especially in application of rice bran including mixture with charcoal, much more fungi and less bacteria were detected and the ratio of fungi to bacteria was increased, suggesting the more organic carbon metabolically active in these treatments. The high ratio of aerobe to anaerobe suggested the better aerobic conditions were in the soil inputted wood charcoal. From these results, it is important and possible to select some materials for the organic pepper cultivation, which may improve the poor condition soil.

Changes of Soil Microbe communities in Plastic Film House by Green Manure Crops Cultivation

Won, J G.,Jang, K.S.,Hwang, J.E.,Kwon O.H.,Jeon, S.G.,Park, S G.,Park, K.C.,Suh, Y.J. 한국유기농업학회 2011 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.19 No.S

To improve the soil condition for no-tillage organic pepper cultivation, four different green manure crops were cultivated. Ferlilizer supply was depended on the biomass of the cultivated green manure crops, nitrogen supplies were 314kg in Vicia villosa and 341kg ha-1 in Vicia angustifolia. In the microbial community analyzed by phosph이ipid fatty acid (PLFA) method, soil microbe populations were different among the green manure crops and fungi group was increased at Vicia angustifloia and Vicia villosa. The bi이ogical ratio indexes of fatty acids in the soils, the ratio of Gramnegative to Gram-positive bacterial PLFA and Ratio of aerobes to anaerobes were high at Vicia hirsute and Vicia tetrasperma suggesting the enrich of the aerobic conditions. The ratio of saturated to unsaturated fatty acids increased at Vicia angustifloia and Vicia villosa suggesting anaerobic conditions. Abundant biomass and uncomposted organic matter, the ratio of fungi to bacteria was increased at Vicia angustifloia and Vicia villosa.

Cultivar Evaluation for Red Pepper under Organic Crop Management in Korea

Won, J.G.,Jang, K.S.,Hwang, J.E.,Kwon O.H.,Jeon, S.G.,Park, S.G. 한국유기농업학회 2011 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.19 No.S

To screen several promising red pepper cultivars, may be adaptable to organic cultivation conditions, seventy six F1 hybrids commercial and eight local purebred red pepper cultivars were tested. Comparing the infection rate of phytophthora blight between commercial (F1 hybrid) and local (Purebred) cultivars, average infection rate of commercial cultivars was 9.8% and that of local cultivars was 17.8%. But the infected fruits rate of anthracnose in field were similar as 3.3% in commercial (F1 hybrid) and 3.1% in local (Purebred) cultivars. In yield characteristics, average yield of commercial cultivars was 2.89 t ha-' and that of local cultivars was 2.22 t ha- ’ . For organic pepper farmers it is more favourable to cultivation purebred cultivars because they can save to the same quality plant next year's crop. In this study among the local purebred cultivars, two cultivars are promising that their yield near to 3 t ha-' and have disease field resistance.

Optimal Trajectory Generation for Biped Robots Walking Up-and-Down Stairs

Kwon O-Hung,Jeon Kweon-Soo,Park Jong-Hyeon The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers 2006 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.20 No.5

This paper proposes an optimal trajectory generation method for biped robots for walking up-and-down stairs using a Real-Coded Genetic Algorithm (RCGA). The RCGA is most effective in minimizing the total consumption energy of a multi-dof biped robot. Each joint angle trajectory is defined as a 4-th order polynomial of which the coefficients are chromosomes or design variables to approximate the walking gait. Constraints are divided into equalities and inequalities. First, equality constraints consist of initial conditions and repeatability conditions with respect to each joint angle and angular velocity at the start and end of a stride period. Next, inequality constraints include collision prevention conditions of a swing leg, singular prevention conditions, and stability conditions. The effectiveness of the proposed optimal trajectory is shown in computer simulations with a 6-dof biped robot model that consists of seven links in the sagittal plane. The optimal trajectory is more efficient than that generated by the Modified Gravity-Compensated Inverted Pendulum Mode (MGCIPM). And various trajectories generated by the proposed GA method are analyzed from the viewpoint of the consumption energy: walking on even ground, ascending stairs, and descending stairs.

Incremental Value of PET/CT Over CT for Mediastinal Nodal Staging of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Comparison Between Patients With and Without Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Jeon, Tae Yeon,Lee, Kyung Soo,Yi, Chin A,Chung, Man Pyo,Kwon, O Jung,Kim, Byung-Tae,Shim, Young Mog American Roentgen Ray Society, etc.] 2010 American Journal of Roentgenology Vol.195 No.2

<P>OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare the incremental value of FDG PET/CT over CT for the assessment of mediastinal nodal status between patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and those with NSCLC but without IPF. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-two patients with NSCLC and IPF (mean age, 66 years) were matched to 168 patients with NSCLC but without IPF (mean age, 65 years). Patients underwent surgical mediastinal nodal staging after both integrated PET/CT and contrast-enhanced CT scans had been obtained. Histopathologic nodal assessment served as the reference standard. RESULTS: PET/CT had better specificity (91% [29/32 patients] vs 47% [15/32]; p = 0.0002) and accuracy (83% [35/42] vs 50% [21/42]; p = 0.001) than CT did in patients with IPF. In patients without IPF, PET/CT was better than CT alone with regard to sensitivity (62% [26/42] vs 40% [17/42]; p = 0.0067), specificity (96% [121/126] vs 84% [106/126]; p = 0.0002), and accuracy (88% [147/168] vs 73% [123/168]; p < 0.0001). Thus, the incremental accuracy of PET/CT, which was 33% (14/42) for patients with IPF and 14% (24/168) for patients without IPF (p = 0.0041), was mainly the result of improved specificity. CONCLUSION: PET/CT offers significantly increased accuracy versus CT in mediastinal nodal staging in patients with NSCLC and IPF compared with patients with NSCLC but without IPF, mainly because of improved specificity.</P>

Clinical Features of Recently Diagnosed Pulmonary Paragonimiasis in Korea

Jeon, Kyeongman,Koh, Won-Jung,Kim, Hojoong,Kwon, O. Jung,Kim, Tae Sung,Lee, Kyung Soo,Han, Joungho Elsevier 2005 Chest Vol.128 No.3

<P>STUDY OBJECTIVE: Paragonimiasis is a typical food-borne parasitic disease that is common in Southeast Asia, the Far East, Latin American, and Africa. Recently, however, this disease has been seen in many parts of the world, largely due to increases in the numbers of immigrants and overseas travelers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiologic features of recently diagnosed pulmonary paragonimiasis. PATIENTS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical and radiologic characteristics of 36 patients (21 men and 15 women; median age 48 years; range, 19 to 75) with pulmonary paragonimiasis whose conditions were diagnosed between October 1994 and September 2004. RESULTS: Thirty-four patients (94%) presented with respiratory symptoms, including hemoptysis (n = 20, 56%) and cough (n = 17, 47%). However, chest pain (n = 5, 14%) and fever (n = 5, 14%) were less frequently reported. Chest radiography revealed intrapulmonary parenchymal lesions (n = 26, 72%), such as nodules (n = 14, 39%), linear opacity (n = 6, 17%), and airspace consolidations (n = 4, 11%), which occurred more commonly than did pleural lesions (n = 10, 28%). Most cases were initially suspected to be lung cancer or tuberculosis. In 13 patients with intrapulmonary parenchymal lesions who underwent bronchoscopy, bronchial luminal narrowing, coupled with congested or edematous mucosal changes, was seen in 7 patients (54%). Bronchial mucosal biopsy specimens exhibited chronic inflammation with eosinophilic infiltrations in three of these seven patients (43%). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings indicate that patients with pulmonary paragonimiasis presented with a variety of clinical and radiologic findings that were different from the classic presentations reported earlier, frequently mimicking those of lung cancer or tuberculosis.</P>

Characterization of Pre-Connectorized Fiber Optic Cable with Theoretical and Experimental Background

O. J. Kwon,G. W. Seo,Y. H. Jeon,S. H. Kim 한국통신학회 1998 한국통신학회 기타 간행물 Vol.- No.-

Antibiotic treatment of Mycobacterium abscessus lung disease: a retrospective analysis of 65 patients.

Jeon, Kyeongman,Kwon, O Jung,Lee, Nam Yong,Kim, Bum-Joon,Kook, Yoon-Hoh,Lee, Seung-Heon,Park, Young Kil,Kim, Chang Ki,Koh, Won-Jung American Lung Association 2009 American journal of respiratory and critical care Vol.180 No.9

<P>RATIONALE: The optimal therapeutic regimen and duration of treatment for Mycobacterium abscessus lung disease is not well established. OBJECTIVES: To assess the efficacy of a standardized combination antibiotic therapy for the treatment of M. abscessus lung disease. METHODS: Sixty-five patients (11 males, 55 females, median age 55 yr) with M. abscessus lung disease were treated with clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and doxycycline, together with an initial regimen of amikacin and cefoxitin for the first 4 weeks of hospitalization. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Treatment response rates were 83% for symptoms and 74% for high-resolution computed tomography. Sputum conversion and maintenance of negative sputum cultures for more than 12 months was achieved in 38 (58%) patients. These rates were significantly lower in patients whose isolates were resistant to clarithromycin (17%, 2/12) compared with those whose isolates were susceptible or intermediate to clarithromycin (64%, 21/33; P = 0.007). Neutropenia and thrombocytopenia associated with cefoxitin developed in 33 (51%) and 4 (6%) patients, respectively. Drug-induced hepatotoxicity occurred in 10 (15%) patients. Because of these adverse reactions, cefoxitin was discontinued in 39 (60%) patients after treatment for a median of 22 days. CONCLUSIONS: Standardized combination antibiotic therapy was moderately effective in treating M. abscessus lung disease. However, frequent adverse reactions and the potential for long-duration hospitalization are important problems that remain to be solved.</P>

Bronchoscopic Findings of Pulmonary Paragonimiasis

Jeon, Kyeongman,Song, Jae-Uk,Um, Sang-Won,Koh, Won-Jung,Suh, Gee Young,Chung, Man Pyo,Kwon, O Jung,Han, Joungho,Kim, Hojoong The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2009 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.67 No.6

Background: Pulmonary paragonimiasis is a subacute to chronic inflammatory disease of the lung caused by lung flukes that result in prolonged inflammation and mechanical injury to the bronchi. However, there are few reports on the bronchoscopic findings of pulmonary paragonimiasis. This report describes the bronchoscopic findings of pulmonary paragonimiasis. Methods: The bronchosocpic findings of 30 patients (20 males, median age 50 years) with pulmonary paragonimiasis between May 1995 and December 2007 were reviewed retrospectively. Results: The diagnoses were based on a positive serologic test results for Paragonimus-specific antibodies in 13 patients (43%), or the detection of Paragonimus eggs in the sputum, bronchial washing fluid, or lung biopsy specimens in 17 patients (57%). The bronchoscopic examinations revealed endobronchial lesions in 17 patients (57%), which were located within the segmental bronchi in 10 patients (59%), lobar bronchi in 6 patients (35%) and main bronchi in 1 patient (6%). The bronchoscopic characteristics of endobronchial lesions were edematous swelling of the mucosa (16/17, 94%) and mucosal nodularity (4/17, 24%), accompanied by bronchial stenosis in 16 patients (94%). Paragonimus eggs were detected in the bronchial washing fluid of 9 out of the 17 patients with endobronchial lesions. The bronchial mucosal biopsy specimens showed evidence of chronic inflammation with eosinophilic infiltration in 6 out of 11 patients (55%). However, no adult fluke or ova were found in the bronchial tissue. Conclusion: Bronchial stenosis with mucosal changes including edematous swelling and mucosal nodularity is the most common bronchoscopic finding of pulmonary paragonimiasis.