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Brailean Anamaria,Kwiatek Justin,Kielar Danuta,Katial Rohit,Wang Xia,Xu Xiao,Kim Yong Jin,Stokes Michael,Stirnadel-Farrant Heide A. 대한천식알레르기학회 2023 Allergy, Asthma & Immunology Research Vol.15 No.5
Purpose: The epidemiology of eosinophil-associated diseases (EADs) is not yet fully understood. While some studies have been conducted on stand-alone eosinophilic diseases, there is scarce evidence on the degree of overlap among rarer conditions. Methods: The retrospective Real-world inVestigation of Eosinophilic-Associated disease overLap (REVEAL) study used data from the Optum® Clinformatics® insurance claims database to describe and characterize disease overlap among 11 EADs: allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, atopic dermatitis, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, eosinophilic gastritis/gastroenteritis, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, eosinophilic esophagitis, bullous pemphigoid, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder, chronic spontaneous urticaria, and non–cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. Patient records with EADs of interest were identified between January 1, 2015, and June 30, 2018. Results: Overall, 1,326,645 patients were included; 74.4% had 1 EAD, 20.5% had ≥ 2 EADs, and 5.1% had ≥ 3 EADs. Higher rates of disease overlap were associated with older age. Higher blood eosinophil counts were also observed in patients with a greater number of overlapping conditions, suggesting a common role for eosinophilic inflammation in the pathogenesis of multiple diseases. Furthermore, greater disease overlap was associated with higher disease severity in most cohorts. Conclusions: Results from this study have implications for quantifying unmet needs and can be used to inform treatment guidelines and raise the awareness of eosinophilic inflammation and EAD overlap among healthcare professionals from a range of disease specialties.
Clostridium botulinum spores in Polish honey samples
Tomasz Grenda,Magdalena Grabczak,Zbigniew Sieradzki,Krzysztof Kwiatek,Krystyna Pohorecka,Marta Skubida,Andrzej Bober 대한수의학회 2018 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.19 No.5
The aim of this study was an examination of 240 multifloral honey samples collected from Polish apiaries to determine Clostridium botulinum occurrence. Honey was collected from apiaries directly after the extraction process. Samples were inoculated by using the dilution and centrifugation method. Suspected isolates were examined by using mouse bioassay, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and real-time PCR methods. C. botulinum type A and B strains were detected in 5 of 240 examined honey samples (2.1%). Bacterial strains were also detected that were phenotypically similar to C. botulinum but that did not exhibit the ability to produce botulinum toxins and did not show the presence of the botulinum cluster (ntnh and bont genes) or expression of the ntnh gene. The methods used in the examination, especially the expression analysis of ntnh gene, enabled specific analysis of suspected strains and could be used routinely in environmental isolate analyses of C. botulinum occurrence.
Jagoda Płaczkiewicz,Paulina Chmiel,Ewelina Malinowska,Pawel Bącal,Agnieszka Kwiatek 한국미생물학회 2020 The journal of microbiology Vol.58 No.5
Neisseria gonorrhoeae, an obligatory human pathogen causes the sexually transmitted disease gonorrhea, which remains a global health problem. N. gonorrhoeae primarily infects the mucosa of the genitourinary tract, which in women, is colonized by natural microbiota, dominated by Lactobacillus spp., that protect human cells against pathogens. In this study, we demonstrated that precolonization of human epithelial cells with Lactobacillus crispatus, one of the most prevalent bacteria in the female urogenital tract, or preincubation with the L. crispatus enolase or glutamine synthetase impairs the adhesion and invasiveness of N. gonorrhoeae toward epithelial cells, two crucial steps in gonococcal pathogenesis. Furthermore, decreased expression of genes encoding the proinflammatory cytokines, TNFα and CCL20, which are secreted as a consequence of N. gonorrhoeae infection, was observed in N. gonorrhoeae-infected epithelial cells that had been precolonized with L. crispatus or preincubated with enolase and glutamine synthetase. Thus, our results indicate that the protection of human cells against N. gonorrhoeae infection is a complex process and that L. crispatus and its proteins enolase and glutamine synthetase can have a potential role in protecting epithelial cells against gonococcal infection. Therefore, these results are important since disturbances of the microbiota or of its proteins can result in dysbiosis, which is associated with increased susceptibility of epithelium to pathogens.