Cloud condensation nuclei activity at Jeju Island, Korea in spring 2005

Kuwata, M.,Kondo, Y.,Miyazaki, Y.,Komazaki, Y.,Kim, J. H.,Yum, S. S.,Tanimoto, H.,Matsueda, H. Copernicus GmbH 2008 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Vol.8 No.11

<P>Abstract. We measured the number concentrations of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and the size distributions of CCN/CN (CN: condensation nuclei) ratios at supersaturations (SSs) of 0.097, 0.27, 0.58, and 0.97% at Jeju Island, Korea during March-April 2005. We made simultaneous measurements of aerosol inorganic ions, water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), organic carbon (OC), and elemental carbon (EC) in PM2.5. The CCN/CN ratios increased with increasing particle diameter, and the diameter at CCN/CN=0.5 was defined as D50. D50 represents the activation dry diameter of atmospheric particles. The average D50 at SS=0.097% and 0.97% was 136±17 nm and 31±3 nm, respectively. The temporal variation of D50 at SS=0.097% was correlated with the mass fraction of water-soluble components (inorganic ions + WSOC), indicating that the temporal variation of CCN activity was mainly controlled by changes in the water-soluble components fraction. The critical dry diameter (Dcrit), which is the threshold dry diameter for CCN activation, was calculated from the observed aerosol chemical compositions by Köhler theory for comparison with D50. The D50 at SS=0.097% was correlated (r2=0.48) with calculated Dcrit, although Dcrit was larger than D50 by 20-29% on average. The systematic difference between D50 and Dcrit could be caused by the size dependence of the aerosol chemical compositions or surface tension lowering caused by the mixing of water-soluble organic compounds. This difference corresponds to a 27±14% uncertainty in the CCN number concentration estimated from the observed particle number size distribution. </P>

Catalytic synthesis of the ZnO-carbon nanofilament composite for sensor applications

Minoru Kuwata,Koji Iwasaki,Hidenori Gamo,Kiyoharu Nakagawa,Toshihiro Ando,Mikka Nishitani-Gamo 제어로봇시스템학회 2008 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10

We have studied to synthesize a ZnO-carbon nanofilament composite (ZnO-CNF) as it is expected to yield an interesting properties for sensor applications. The ZnO-CNF is considered to have a large surface area and a high electrical conductivity. The ZnO-supported Co catalysts were used for the synthesis of the ZnO-CNF. In order to fabricate a pattern of the composite for a biosensor, we have tried to prepare a paste from the composite for a screen-printing. We found that Co loaded catalysts exhibited a high catalytic activity for the carbon yields. SEM observation revealed that fibriform carbon deposits were obtained on the surface of the ZnO powder. In the case of using the Co-loaded ZnO catalyst, we found that the diameter of the fibriform carbon nanomaterial depended on the C2H4 concentration in the reaction gas. The reaction conditions are important to control the diameter of the fibriform carbon nanomaterial. The ZnO-CNF paste consisted of the ZnO-CNF, ethyl cellulose, and 2-(2-Butoxyethoxy) ethanol was prepared. The line patterns having 150μm were successfully fabricated with using the paste by screen-printing method.

Original Article : Ulcerative Colitis and Immunoglobulin G4

( Go Kuwata ),( Terumi Kamisawa ),( Koichi Koizumi ),( Taku Tabata ),( Seiichi Hara ),( Sawako Kuruma ),( Takashi Fujiwara ),( Kazuro Chiba ),( Hideto Egashira ),( Junko Fujiwara ),( Takeo Arakawa ),( The Editorial Office of Gut and Liver 2014 Gut and Liver Vol.8 No.1

Background/Aims: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is sometimes associated with autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). Infiltration of immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-positive plasma cells is sometimes detected in the colonic mucosa of AIP or UC patients. This study aimed to clarify the relation between UC and IgG4. Methods: Associations with UC were reviewed in 85 AIP patients. IgG4 immunostaining was performed on biopsy specimens from the colonic mucosa of 14 AIP and 32 UC patients. Results: UC was confirmed in two cases (type 1 AIP, n=1, suspected type 2 AIP, n=1). Abundant infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells in the colonic mucosa was detected in the case of suspected type 2 AIP with UC and two cases of type 1 AIP without colitis. Abundant infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells was detected in 10 UC cases (IgG4-present, 31%). Although 72% of IgG4-absent UC patients showed mild disease activity, 70% of IgG4-present patients showed moderate to severe disease activity (p<0.05). Conclusions: UC is sometimes associated with AIP, but it seems that UC is not a manifestation of IgG4-related disease. Infiltration of IgG4-positive plasma cells is sometimes detectable in the colonic mucosa of UC patients and is associated with disease activity. (Gut Liver 2014,8:29-34)

日本의 구구단·暦 관련 출토 문자자료와 그 연구 동향

桑田訓也(Kuwata, Kuniya),오택현 한국목간학회 2016 목간과 문자 Vol.0 No.17

본고에서는 지금까지 일본에서 발굴된 구구단과 曆이 쓰여진 木簡에 대해서 설명하고, 연구동향과 그와 관계된 몇 가지를 언급하고자 한다. 일본에서는 구구단 木簡이 79점 발견되었다. 그중 35점은 呪符에 적혀있는 것이고, 구구단이 쓰여진 목간은 44점이다. 구구단 木簡에는 9단과 8단이 가장 많이 쓰여져 있으며, 서예연습이나 낙서를 한 흔적도 남겨져 있다. 최근 구구단 木簡의 발견이 증가하면서 몇 가지에 대한 언급이 생겨났다. 한 자릿수인 경우, 구구단의 계산이 틀렸을 경우, 그리고 왼쪽에서 오른쪽으로 쓰여진 경우가 그것이다. 曆과 관련해서는 8가지의 예시를 제시하고자 한다. 曆을 木簡으로 남겨놓는 이유에 대해서는 불편함을 극복하기 위함이라고 생각된다. In this report, I will introduce the wooden documents on Multiplication table and Calendar excavated in Japan so far. And, will organize its research trends. Also, based on them, I would like to add some comments. In Japan, 79 wooden documents, on which Multiplication table is written, are excavated. Of which 35 are charms. Other 44 are considered as the wooden documents of Multiplication table. Table1 is obtained by aggregating the appearance frequency of each calculation formula. Nine times table, then eight times table appear many, among them “nine nine eighty-one”(9×9=81) and “eight nine seventy-two”(8×9=72) are especially many. Seven times table following are few, but seen almost evenly. Multiplication table written to wooden documents are considered to be basically a calligraphy practice or scribbling. With the increase of excavated case, some of the important things have been pointed out. First, if the result of calculation is the number of single-digit, they wrote the “如” character, such as “一九如九”(1×1=9). Second, they make a mistake occasionally. Third, there are wooden documents that were written the lines from left to right. On Calendar, I presented 8 examples. The reason for writing a calendar in wood, is considered as follows: because calendar in a state of the scroll is inconvenient, they transcribed a necessary part to wooden documents. There are several types of wooden calendar. First, Guchureki. It is what was written down as it is a paper calendar. Secondly, Gessakureki. It is a simple calendar that wrote the only Sexagenary Cycle of the first day of each month. Kanshibo, the rod-like wooden document to know the Sexagenary Cycle of the day, is also excavated.

Catalytic Synthesis of ZnO-carbon Nanofilaments Composite for Screen-printed Patterning

Minoru Kuwata,Koji Iwasaki,Hidenori Gamo,Kiyoharu Nakagawa,Toshihiro Ando,Mikka Nishitani-Gamo 한국표면공학회 2008 한국표면공학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2008 No.-

木簡からみた古代日本の法制と行政制度 ― 8世紀後半の荷札木簡を中心に―

桑田 訓也(Kuwata Kuniya) 경북대학교 인문학술원 2023 동서인문 Vol.- No.22

본고에서는 꼬리표 목간을 다룬다. 꼬리표 목간의 기재에는 지방행정조직이나 조세에 관련된 법제가 반영되어 있다. 공진물에 꼬리표를 붙이는 것의 법적 근거는 일반적으로 부역령 調皆隨近조로 여겨진다. 또한 고대 일본의 지방행정조직은 꼬리표 목간에 의해 귀납적으로 변천이 밝혀진 부분이 있다. 고대 일본 꼬리표 목간의 이미지는 나라시대 전반의 자료를 중심으로 형성되어 왔으나, 나라시대 후반 꼬리표 목간의 구체상에 대해서는 여전히 과제로 남아 있다. 예를 들어 꼬리표 목간에는 원칙적으로 國司나 郡司의 이름은 기재하지 않는다. 그런데 8세기 후반에 이르러 專當國司나 郡司의 이름을 적은 꼬리표 목간이 출현한다. 이들 중 오사카부 후나바시 유적 출토 시마국의 꼬리표는 나라시대 전반부터 사용되던 물품명과 ‘一籠’만을 기록한 서식에 郡名과 專當郡司名을 추가한 것으로 보인다. 꼬리표 목간은 행정제도나 세제를 잘 반영하고 있다는 인식과 꼬리표는 다종다양하다는 상식 사이에는 정리가 필요한 부분이 많다고 생각한다. 이는 계속 검토해 나갈 것이다. In this paper, I will focus on the Nifuda Mokkan (wooden baggage tags). The descriptions on the Nifuda Mokkan reflect the legal system related to the organization of local government and taxation. The legal basis for attaching a baggage tag to tribute is generally considered to be the law called Buyaku-ryo Choukaizuikin-jo (賦役令調皆随近条). The transition of local administrative organization in ancient Japan was in part revealed inductively by the Nifuda Mokkan. The image of ancient Japanese Nifuda Mokkan has been formed mainly from materials from the first half of Nara period. The specific phases of the Nifuda Mokkan from the latter half of Nara period still remain a challenge. For example, as a rule, the names of kokushi (provincial governors) and gunji (county governors) are not written on Nifuda Mokkan. However, in the latter half of the 8th century, Nifuda Mokkan with the names of sento-kokushi (provincial governors in charge) and sento-gunji (county governors in charge) appeared. Among them, I presume that the Shima Province baggage tag excavated from the Funahashi Site in Osaka Prefecture is made by adding the name of county and sento-gunji to the format used since the first half of Nara Period, which only indicated the name of the item and “一籠” (ichiko: one basket). I think there is still much that needs to be sorted out between the perception that the Nifuda Mokkan reflect well the administrative system and the tax system and the common sense that there is a wide variety of Nifuda Mokkan. I will continue to examine this issue.

Characteristics of Sprout Rice Grain in Japan

Fusino Y.,Kuwata J.,Jae-Sook Han 동아시아식생활학회 2006 동아시아식생활학회지 Vol.16 No.6

Rice grain has several styles, brown rice, white one, semi-white one, sprout one, etc. All of them are utilized as gohan(=boiled grain) in the dietary life. Among them, the sprout rice, recently developed on the industrial level, has been found to be so conspicuous for general functions in food science and for healthy functions in dietary life that would be worth to characteristically be called "super rice". Thus, the super rice should widely be promoted for production and consumption in the world.

치과임상에서 기공사는 무엇을 이루어야 하는가?

구와타 마사히로,Kuwata, Masahiro 대한심미치과학회 1998 Journal of the Korean Academy of Esthetic Dentistr Vol.7 No.1

Generally, the esthetics is thought to mean health. On the assumption that dental esthetics must also be in harmony with general health, dental restorations have to be made in order for patients to appear to be healthy and vivacious in their mouth and result in good appearances. Therefore, I wish that patients live their life without a sense of disharmony in esthetic and biological aspect. This article is to explain some cases that manifest improvement of quality in dental treatment by means of team approach.

광화학 반응에서 생성된 Anthrasemiquinone Radical의 시간분해 ESR ; CIDEP에 관한 연구

홍대일,Hong Daeil,Kuwata Keiji 대한화학회 1990 대한화학회지 Vol.34 No.5

시간분해 ESR 분광법에서는 CIDEP법과 흡수 ESR 분광법을 사용하였다. 2-프로판올과 트리에틸아민 혼합용매에서 anthraquinone이 레이저 광선에 의해서 생성된 anthraquinone 라디칼 음이온을 시간분해 ESR 분광법으로 측정하였다. 이 semiquinone 라디칼은 대단히 안정하여 cw ESR을 측정할 수 있었다. 분극된 semiquinone 라디칼이 열적 평형상태로 소멸되는 속도상수는 스핀-격자 완화시간의 역수로서 2.6 ${\times}\;1-^5$ sec$^{-1}$이다. 그리고, 그 라디칼의 소멸속도상수는 300.0 sec$^{-1}$이다. CIDEP스펙트럼의 시간의존성에 대한 강도 변화는 마이크로파 출력이 강할수록 일반적으로 증가하였다. 그러나, 지나치게 출력을 높이면 감소 곡선상에 Torrey 진동이 뒷따라 일어났다. The time resolved electron spin resonance spectroscopy are used to two measurement methods of chemically induced dynamic electron polarization (CIDEP) and absorption ESR. The spectra of the semiquinone radical anion were successively detected in the laser flash photolysis of anthraquinone in the mixtures of 2-propanol and triethylamine. The semiquinone radical anion was fairly stable and its cw ESR could be observed. The rate constant (T1$^{-1}$) of the spin-depolarization of polarized semiquinone radical anion was 2.6 ${\times}\;1-^5$ sec$^{-1}$ and the decay of the radical anion was the first order with the rate constant (K$_1}$) of 300.0 sec$^{-1}$. The intensity of CIDEP spectra increased with the increasing the microwave power, but the Torrey wiggles appeared following with decay curves.

Characteristics of Sprout Rice Grain in Japan

Y., Fusino,J., Kuwata,Han, Jae-Sook The East Asian Society of Dietary Life 2006 東아시아食生活學會誌 Vol.16 No.6

Rice grain has several styles, brown rice, white one, semi-white one, sprout one, etc. All of them are utilized as gohan(=boiled grain) in the dietary life. Among them, the sprout rice, recently developed on the industrial level, has been found to be so conspicuous for general functions in food science and for healthy functions in dietary life that would be worth to characteristically be called 'super rice'. Thus, the super rice should widely be promoted for production and consumption in the world.