Protective Effect of Nimodipine Against Valproic-acid Induced Biochemical and Behavioral Phenotypes of Autism

Hariom Kumar(Hariom Kumar ),Vishal Diwan(Vishal Diwan ),Bhupesh Sharma(Bhupesh Sharma ) 대한정신약물학회 2022 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.20 No.4

Objective: Present study was designed to investigate behavioral and biochemical role of nimodipine in prenatal valproic acid (Pre-VPA) induced autism in rats. Methods: Valproic acid was utilized to induce autistic phenotypes in Wistar rats. The rats were assessed for social behavior. Hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) were utilized for various biochemical assessments, whereas cerebellum was used to assess blood brain barrier (BBB) permeability. Results: Pre-VPA rats showed reduction social interaction. Pre-VPA administration were decreased PFC levels of interleukin- 10 (IL-10), and glutathione along with hippocampus cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Also, the animals have shown increase in PFC levels of IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, Evans blue leakage and water content. Nimodipine countered Pre-VPA administered reduction in social interaction, CREB, BDNF, inflammation, oxidative stress, BBB permeability. Conclusion: Pre-VPA has induced autistic phenotype, which were attenuated by nimodipine in rats. Nimodipine and other calcium channel blockers should further investigate to check the management of autism.

Comparative study of electrocoagulation and electrochemical Fenton treatment of aqueous solution of benzoic acid (BA): Optimization of process and sludge analysis

Vishal Kumar Sandhwar,Basheshwer Prasad 한국화학공학회 2017 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.34 No.4

Benzoic acid containing synthetic solution was pretreated by acid precipitation at various pH (1-3) and temperature (15-60 oC). Pre-treated solution was further treated by electrocoagulation (EC) and electrochemical Fenton (EF) processes using iron anode and graphite cathode. Optimization of independent operating parameters, namely, initial pH: (3-11), current density (A/m2): (15.24-76.21), electrolyte concentration (mol/L): (0.03-0.07) and electrolysis time (min): (15-95) for EC process and pH: (1-5), current density (A/m2): (15.24-76.21), H2O2 concentration (mg/L): (100-500) and electrolysis time (min): (15-95) for EF process, was performed using central composite design (CCD) in response surface methodology (RSM). Maximum removal efficiencies of BA- 76.83%, 88.50%; chemical oxygen demand (COD) - 69.23%, 82.21% and energy consumption (kWh/kg COD removed) - 30.86, 21.15 were achieved by EC and EF processes, respectively, at optimum operating conditions. It was found that EF process is more efficient than EC process based on removal of BA and COD with lower energy consumption. The sludge obtained after EC and EF treatments was analyzed by XRD, FTIR, DTA/TGA and SEM/EDX techniques.

Development of a rule-based system to enhance the data consistency and usability of COBie datasheets

Vishal Kumar,Ai Lin Evelyn Teo 한국CDE학회 2021 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.8 No.1

Building information modeling (BIM) for facilities management (FM) has been gaining considerable attention. Construction operations building information exchange (COBie) datasheets are conceptualized as an electronic format of data for FM handover extracted from the BIM model and supplemented with information from other sources. To build an efficient COBie datasheet, it is advocated to build and verify data at all stages of design and construction, commonly known as data drops. Nevertheless, data consistency verification is a difficult task pertaining to COBie’s complex structure and data representation. This study aims to understand the challenges associated with the COBie datasheet verification and consistency checking process, especially during data drop stages, and develop a solution to mitigate these challenges. The study uses a combined methodology of design thinking and waterfall model from the software development process. The outcome of the research study manifests in a prototype application. The prototype application can help in verifying COBie datasheet consistency during data drop stages. Additionally, this study proposes a new dimension to utilize the COBie datasheet to track various asset-related changes in a project by comparing COBie datasheets and visualizing this data in a visually interactive manner using a property graph model.

Demographic Trends of Patients with Compressive Myelopathy in a Developing Asian Country

Vishal Kumar,Avinash Kumar,Sarvdeep Singh Dhatt,Raj Bahadur 대한척추외과학회 2016 Asian Spine Journal Vol.10 No.2

Study Design: Prospective case series. Purpose: To analyze the demographic picture of the patients suffering from compression myelopathy due to various spinal problems. Overview of Literature: There is a lack of literature depicting demographic picture of such patients with spinal injuries as most of the articles have shown the epidemiology of spinal cord injuries either managed conservatively or operatively. None have focused on the patients with compressive myelopathy requiring surgeries. Methods: Patients with spinal pathologies with a neurological deficit due to compressive myelopathy requiring surgical decompression of dorsal and thoracolumbar region were studied. The different kinds of etiologies, the demographic profiles involved, the involvement of various regions of spine in each of the etiologies, sex distribution of different etiologies, association of age and sex with the occurrence of paraplegia, and association of thoracolumbar junction (TLJ) involvement by age and sex were studied. This study addressed the dorsal and TLJ till L2 vertebrae surgically treated by anterior transthoracic transpleural approach. Results: With regard to gender, 75% of the females and 67.3% of the males were paraplegic but there was no relationship between gender and the occurrence of paraplegia (p >0.05). There was also no association between TLJ involvement and the age and sex of the patients (p >0.05). Seventy percent of the patients were paraplegic with a mean age of 38.90 years and 30% were paraparetic with a mean age of 43.43 years. Male to female ratio stood at 4.43:1. Conclusions: Traumatic spine in females is increasing. The occurrence of paraplegia and involvement of TLJ is not affected by the age and the sex of the patients. Deep epidemiological understanding of spinal pathologies can lead to a better appreciation of the potential impact of health care management strategies and health policies to prevent and minimize their consequences considering limited worldwide reports on the same.

Comparison of electrocoagulation, peroxi-electrocoagulation and peroxi-coagulation processes for treatment of simulated purified terephthalic acid wastewater: Optimization, sludge and kinetic analysis

Vishal Kumar Sandhwar,Basheshwar Prasad 한국화학공학회 2018 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.35 No.4

This study mainly focuses on a comparative study of electrocoagulation (EC), peroxi-electrocoagulation (PEC) and peroxi-coagulation (PC) processes for the treatment of aqueous solution containing major toxic components of purified terephthalic acid wastewater: benzoic acid (BA), terephthalic acid (TPA), para-toluic acid (p-TA) and phthalic acid (PA). The solution was initially treated by acid treatment method at various pH (2-4) and temperature (15-60 oC). The supernatant was further remediated by EC, PEC and PC methods independently. Process variables such as pH (4-12) and pH (1-5), current density (45.72-228.60 A/m2), electrolyte concentration (0.04-0.08mol/L), electrode gap (1-3 cm), H2O2 concentration (600-1,000mg/L) and reaction time (20-100 min) during EC, PEC and PC treatment were effectively optimized through central composite design under Design Expert software. Maximum COD removal of 60.76%, 73.91%, 66.68% with energy consumption (kWh/kg COD removed) of 95.81, 49.58, 69.26 was obtained by EC, PEC and PC treatments, respectively, at optimum conditions. Electrochemical methods were compared by removal capacities, consumption of energy, operating cost, degradation kinetics and sludge characteristics. PEC treatment was found most effective among EC, PEC and PC processes due to its highest removal capacity and lowest energy consumption features.

An annotated catalogue of the lichenicolous fungi of Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh, India with new records and identification key

Vishal Kumar,Siljo Joseph,Yash Pal Sharma,Sanjeeva Nayaka 국립중앙과학관 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.15 No.4

This article enumerates 72 species of lichenicolous fungi belonging to 21 families and 43 genera fromJammu and Kashmir and Ladakh. The study is based on published literature and specimens recentlycollected from some localities of Kishtwar High Altitude National Park, Jammu and Kashmir. Four speciesviz., Bachmanniomyces santessonii Etayo, Intralichen lichenum (Diederich) D. Hawksw., and M.S. Cole,Milospium graphideorum (Nyl.) D. Hawksw., and Roselliniella oxyspora Matzer and Hafellner are reportedas new to India, while Milospium and Roselliniella are new generic records. Brief descriptions of the newlyrecorded species are presented. The geographical distribution, host lichens, and key to all the species oflichenicolous fungi presently known from Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh are also provided.

Fifty Years of Cervical Myelopathy Research: Results from a Bibliometric Analysis

Kumar Vishal,Patel Sandeep,Sharma Siddhartha,Kumar Ritesh,Kaur Rishemjit 대한척추외과학회 2022 Asian Spine Journal Vol.16 No.6

We performed bibliometric analysis of the research papers published on clinical cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) in the last 50 years. We extracted bibliometric data from Scopus and PubMed from 1970 to 2020 pertaining to clinical studies of CSM. The predominant journals, top cited articles, authors, and countries were identified using performance analysis. Science mapping was also performed to reveal the emerging trends, and conceptual and social structures of the authors and countries. Bibliometrix R-package was deployed for the study. The total numbers of clinical studies available in PubMed and Scopus were 1,302 and 3,470, respectively. The most cited article was published by Hilibrand AS, as observed in Scopus. Regarding the conceptual structure of the research, two main research themes were identified, one involving symptomatology, scientific-scale-based objective evaluation of symptoms, and surgical removal of the offending culprit, while the other was based on patho-etiology, relevant diagnostic modalities, and the surgery commonly performed for CSM. In terms of emerging trends, in recent times there is an increasing trend of scale-based objective evaluations, along with investigations of advanced nonoperative management. The United States is the most productive country, whereas Canada tops the list for inter-country collaboration. The trend of research showed a shift toward noninvasive procedures.

Identification of Inrush and Internal Fault in Indirect Symmetrical Phase Shift Transformer Using Wavelet Transform

Shailendra Kumar Bhasker,Manoj Tripathy,Vishal Kumar 대한전기학회 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.5

This paper proposes an algorithm for the differential protection of an Indirect Symmetrical Phase Shift Transformer (ISPST) by considering the different behaviors of the compensated differential current under internal fault and magnetizing inrush conditions. In this algorithm, a criterion function is defined which is based on the difference of amplitude of the wavelet transformation over a specific frequency band. The function has been used for the discrimination between three phase magnetizing inrush and internal fault condition and requires less than a quarter cycle after disturbance. This method is independent of any coefficient or threshold values of wavelet transformation. The merit of this algorithm is demonstrated by the simulation of different faults in series and excitation unit and magnetizing inrush with varying switching conditions on ISPST using PSCAD/EMTDC. Due to unavailability of in-field large interconnected transformers for such a large number of destructive tests, the results are further verified by Real Time Digital Simulator (RSCAD/RTDS). The proposed algorithm has been compared with the conventional harmonic restraint based method that justifies the application of wavelet transform for differential protection of ISPST. The proposed algorithm has also been verified for different rating of ISPSTs and satisfactory results were obtained.

Comparison of Silicon and Silicon-Tungsten Disulphide Heterojunction Based Tub-type Back Gated MOSFET Using Non-Equilibrium Green’s Function

Prateek Kumar,Maneesha Gupta,Gaurav Kr,Naveen Kumar,Vishal Yadav 한국전기전자재료학회 2021 Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Material Vol.22 No.4

At nanoscale along with the failure of Metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor due to short channel effects, Silicon has raised as another bottleneck for researchers. In the last couple of decades, researchers have provided diff erent solutions in the form of Graphene and Transition Metal Dichalcogenides materials. Each Graphene and Transition Metal Dichalcogenides has its own set of disadvantages like poor I ON /I OFF ratio and lower carrier mobility and hence cannot be used individually. In this article, a tub type metal oxide semiconductor field-effect transistor is designed and for application of the device in a low power VLSI domain, the back-gated technique is used. Different device properties are studied first with a Silicon-based channel and then a Silicon-Tungsten Disulphide heterojunction channel. The selection of SiO2 as a gate insulator and contact material is also justified. This article shows that instead of using conventional Silicon-based devices it is better to use heterojunction devices, as they offer much lower OFF-state current and better linearity properties.

Identification of Inrush and Internal Fault in Indirect Symmetrical Phase Shift Transformer Using Wavelet Transform

Bhasker, Shailendra Kumar,Tripathy, Manoj,Kumar, Vishal The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2017 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.12 No.5

This paper proposes an algorithm for the differential protection of an Indirect Symmetrical Phase Shift Transformer (ISPST) by considering the different behaviors of the compensated differential current under internal fault and magnetizing inrush conditions. In this algorithm, a criterion function is defined which is based on the difference of amplitude of the wavelet transformation over a specific frequency band. The function has been used for the discrimination between three phase magnetizing inrush and internal fault condition and requires less than a quarter cycle after disturbance. This method is independent of any coefficient or threshold values of wavelet transformation. The merit of this algorithm is demonstrated by the simulation of different faults in series and excitation unit and magnetizing inrush with varying switching conditions on ISPST using PSCAD/EMTDC. Due to unavailability of in-field large interconnected transformers for such a large number of destructive tests, the results are further verified by Real Time Digital Simulator (RSCAD/RTDS). The proposed algorithm has been compared with the conventional harmonic restraint based method that justifies the application of wavelet transform for differential protection of ISPST. The proposed algorithm has also been verified for different rating of ISPSTs and satisfactory results were obtained.