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LHCb anomaly and B physics in flavored Z′ models with flavored Higgs doublets
Ko, P.,Omura, Yuji,Shigekami, Yoshihiro,Yu, Chaehyun American Physical Society 2017 Physical Review D Vol.95 No.11
<P>We study an extended Standard Model with a gauged U(1)' flavor symmetry, motivated not only by the fermion mass hierarchy but also by the excesses in B -> K-(*())ll reported by the LHCb collaborations. The U(1)' charges are assigned to quarks and leptons in a flavor-dependent manner, and flavored Higgs doublets are also introduced in order to detail the Yukawa couplings at the renormalizable level. Then, the fermion mass hierarchy is realized by the vacuum alignment of the Higgs doublets. In this model, flavor-changing currents involving the gauge boson of U(1)' and the scalars generated by the Higgs doublets are predicted and the observables in the B -> K-(*())ll process possibly deviate from the Standard Model predictions. We study the possibility that these new flavor-changing interactions can explain the excesses in the B -> K-(*())ll process, and we derive some predictions for the other flavor-violating processes based on the analysis. We specifically investigate the Delta F = 2 processes and the other B decays: e.g., B -> X-s gamma and B -> D-(*())tau nu, where the deviations are reported by the Belle and BABAR collaborations.</P>
Choi Baekgyu,Kang Chang Kyung,Park Seongwan,Lee Dohoon,Lee Andrew J.,Ko Yuji,Kang Suk-Jo,Kang Kyuho,Kim Sun,Koh Youngil,Jung Inkyung 생화학분자생물학회 2022 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.54 No.-
Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), a common aging-related process that predisposes individuals to various inflammatory responses, has been reported to be associated with COVID-19 severity. However, the immunological signature and the exact gene expression program by which the presence of CHIP exerts its clinical impact on COVID-19 remain to be elucidated. In this study, we generated a single-cell transcriptome landscape of severe COVID-19 according to the presence of CHIP using peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Patients with CHIP exhibited a potent IFN-γ response in exacerbating inflammation, particularly in classical monocytes, compared to patients without CHIP. To dissect the regulatory mechanism of CHIP (+)-specific IFN-γ response gene expression in severe COVID-19, we identified DNMT3A CHIP mutation-dependent differentially methylated regions (DMRs) and annotated their putative target genes based on long-range chromatin interactions. We revealed that CHIP mutant-driven hypo-DMRs at poised cis-regulatory elements appear to facilitate the CHIP (+)-specific IFN-γ-mediated inflammatory immune response. Our results highlight that the presence of CHIP may increase the susceptibility to hyperinflammation through the reorganization of chromatin architecture, establishing a novel subgroup of severe COVID-19 patients.
Inhibitory Effect of Honeybee-Collected Pollen on Mast Cell Degranulation In Vivo and In Vitro
Yasuko Ishikawa,Tomoko Tokura,Nobuhiro Nakano,Mutsuko Hara,Fran?is Niyonsaba,Hiroko Ushio,Yuji Yamamoto,Tadahiro Tadokoro,Ko Okumura,Hideoki Ogawa 한국식품영양과학회 2008 Journal of medicinal food Vol.11 No.1
Bee-collected pollen (bee pollen [BP]) has been used as a folk medicine for centuries against various diseases,including allergy. There is no study elucidating how BP exerts such an anti-allergic effect. Since mast cells play a central rolein the pathogenesis of various allergic diseases, we investigated the effect of BP on mast cell activation elicited by the Fc im-munoglobulin E (IgE) receptor (Fc.RI)-mediated pathways. The in vivo effect of orally administered BP on cutaneous mastcell activation was examined by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction. In vitromast cell degranulation and IgE binding tomast cells and the status of protein tyrosine phosphorylation were examined using bone marrow-derived mast cells. Daily oraladministration of BP to mice significantly reduced the cutaneous mast cell activation elicited by IgE and specific antigens.BP also reduced in vitromast cell degranulation and tumor necrosis factor-. production by inhibiting IgE binding to Fc.RIon mast cells. The inhibitory effect of BP on mast cell degranulation by preventing IgE binding was confirmed by the re-duced levels of protein tyrosine phosphorylation, which occurred as downstream events in activated mast cells via Fc.RI.These results first revealed that the anti-allergic action of BP was exerted by inhibiting the Fc.RI-mediated activation of mastcells, which plays important roles, not only in the early phase, but also in the late phase of allergic reactions.