Benign Adenomyoepithelioma of the Breast: Imaging Characteristics

So Ra Shin,Eun Young Ko,Boo-Kyung Han,Eun Sook Ko,Ji Soo Choi,Haejung Kim 대한영상의학회 2023 대한영상의학회지 Vol.84 No.2

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the radiological and clinical characteristics of benign adenomyoepitheliomas of the breast. Materials and Methods Over the last 20 years, 120 patients were histologically diagnosed with breast adenomyoepithelioma (AME) at our institution. We excluded 43 patients who were incidentally diagnosed during mastectomy for breast cancer, 28 who underwent percutaneous biopsy without further excision, and 8 who had biopsy-confirmed benign AME and were found to have another pathology after complete excision. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records and radiological findings of the remaining 41 patients with histologically diagnosed benign breast AMEs after complete excision. Results All 41 patients underwent US; 38 underwent mammography (MG) and US; and 18 underwent MG, US, and MRI. MG detected 38 cases with a round or oval shape (56%), and mass (89%), were non-circumscribed (62%), hyperdense (53%), and without microcalcifications (95%). Breast US revealed suspicious masses (98%) with a non-circumscribed margin (66%), hypoechogenicity (43%), and intratumoral vascularity (63%). All lesions on breast MRI showed suspicious masses (100%) with ill-defined margins (61%), and 84% showed wash-out kinetics. Benign AMEs showed suspicious features of Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) category 4 or 5 in 83%–95% of the MG, US, and MRI. Sixteen of the 41 cases were misdiagnosed on the initial core needle biopsy and two were diagnosed as malignancy. Conclusion Benign breast AME often shows suspicious radiological features mimicking a malignant mass on MG, US, and MRI. Differentiating benign AME from other pathologies might be difficult on core needle biopsy, and complete excision is needed for a correct diagnosis.

Early Detection and Successful Treatment of Vertically Transmitted Fulminant Enteroviral Infection Associated with Various Forms of Arrhythmia and Severe Hepatitis with Coagulopathy

( So Ra Lee ),( Sun Young Ko ),( So Young Yoon ),( Yeon Kyung Lee ),( Son Moon Shin ) 대한소아감염학회 2019 Pediatric Infection and Vaccine Vol.26 No.3

엔테로바이러스 감염은 신생아에게 흔히 일어나며, 경한 감염에서부터 다기관 부전이나 사망에까지 이를 수 있다. 특히, 출생 시 모체로부터 수직 감염된 신생아들의 경우 심각한 질환에 이르게 될 수 있다. 본 증례의 환아는 모체에게서 엔테로바이러스의 수직 감염이 일어났으며, 파종 혈관내 응고장애, 간염, 그리고 심근염으로 빠르게 진행하였다. 환아가 태어난 시기가 엔테로바이러스의 유병률이 높은 6월인 점, 환아의 어머니와 형제에게서 고열이 있었던 점, 임상 증상 등을 고려하여 저자들은 환아가 엔테로바이러스의 수직 감염 가능성이 있다고 보고 검사와 치료를 진행하였다. 이 환아는 빈맥을 동반한 다양한 형태의 부정맥을 보였으며, 일반적인 치료에 반응을 잘 하지 않았으나, 엔테로바이러스 감염을 조기에 의심하고 치료하여 완전히 회복할 수 있었다. 신생아의 엔테로바이러스 감염에서, 응고장애를 동반한 간염과 심근염이 동시에 오는 경우는 드물다. 본 증례에서, 저자들은 응고장애를 동반한 간염과 다양한 형태의 부정맥을 동반한 엔테로바이러스 수직 감염을 조기에 진단하고 성공적으로 치료하였기에 보고하는 바이다. Enteroviral infections are common in neonates. One important infection pathway is vertical transmission from an infected mother to her neonate. Here, we report the early detection and successful treatment of a vertically transmitted fulminant enteroviral infection associated with myocarditis and hepatitis. The patient had a sudden onset of high fever on the fourth day of life and developed severe, rapidly progressing symptoms of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC), hepatitis, and myocarditis accompanied by tachyarrhythmia. As it was the peak season for enteroviral infections and both the mother and the patient's 36-month-old sibling had a high fever around the time of delivery, we suspected an enteroviral infection. Thus, we initiated prompt evaluation of enteroviral infection, as well as close observation and intensive care of the neonate. We strongly recommend evaluation for the possibility of vertical enterovirus infection in neonates when the mother is suspected of having a viral infection (e.g., high fever and negative results from bacterial infectious studies) around the time of delivery and when the neonate shows some early symptoms of infectious diseases such as thrombocytopenia, DIC, hepatitis, and myocarditis. Early detection of enteroviral infections and prompt implementation of proper treatment are key to reduce the risk of complications and mortality associated with enteroviral infections in neonates.

The Selective Inhibitory Activity of a Fusaricidin Derivative on a Bloom-Forming Cyanobacterium, Microcystis sp.

( So-ra Ko ),( Young-ki Lee ),( Ankita Srivastava ),( Seung-hwan Park ),( Chi-yong Ahn ),( Hee-mock Oh ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2019 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.29 No.1

Fusaricidin analogs, produced by Paenibacillus polymyxa, were tested for selective control of a major bloom-forming cyanobacterium, Microcystis sp. Fusaricidin (A and B mixtures) and four analogs were isolated from P. polymyxa E681 and investigated for their inhibition of cyanobacterial cell growth. Among the four fusaricidin analogs, fraction 915 Da (designated as Fus901) showed growth inhibition activity for Microcystis aeruginosa but not for Anabaena variabilis and Scenedesmus acutus. Microcystin concentration decreased up to 70% and its content per cell also decreased over 50% after 3 days. Fusaricidin exhibited growth inhibition against Gram-positive bacteria but Fus901 did not. Molecular weights of fusaricidin A and B were 883 Da and 897 Da, whereas that of Fus901 was 915 Da. Structure analysis by a ringopening method revealed a linear form for Fus901. Expression of the pod gene related to oxidative stress was increased 2.1-fold by Fus901 and that of mcyD decreased up to 40%. These results indicate that Fus901 exerts oxidative stress against M. aeruginosa. Thus, Fus901 can be used as a selective cyanobactericide without disturbing the ecological system and could help in decreasing the microcystin concentration.

대청호 수화발생시기의 미생물 다양성 및 계통분류학적 분석

고소라 ( So Ra Ko ),안치용 ( Chi Yong Ahn ),이영기 ( Young Ki Lee ),오희목 ( Hee Mock Oh ) 한국환경생물학회 2011 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.29 No.3

The change of microbial communities during cyanobacterial bloom was comparatively analyzed by 16S rDNA PCR DGGE in Daechung Reservoir during 2003~2005. Morphological analysis showed that Cyanophyceae dominated algal community in the bloom. Dominant cyanobacteria were Microcystis, Planktothrix (Oscillatoria), Phormidium and Anabaena. We used 16S rDNA denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles and phylogenetic affiliations of the DGGE bands to analyze the community structure and diversity of the predominant microbial community. The DGGE band patterns demonstrated that the most frequent bands were identified as Microcystis during the monitoring periods, Planktothrix also dominated on September 2003 and 2004, whereas Anabaena was showed a peak on September 2005 and Aphanizomenon on August 2003. DGGE and phylogenetic analysis provided us new information that could not be obtained by traditional, morphological analysis. The relationship between cyanobacteria and other aquatic bacteria can be traced and their genetic diversity also identified in detail.

Early Detection and Successful Treatment of Vertically Transmitted Fulminant Enteroviral Infection Associated with Various Forms of Arrhythmia and Severe Hepatitis with Coagulopathy

Lee, So Ra,Ko, Sun Young,Yoon, So Young,Lee, Yeon Kyung,Shin, Son Moon The Korean Society of Pediatric Infectious Disease 2019 Pediatric Infection and Vaccine Vol.26 No.3

Enteroviral infections are common in neonates. One important infection pathway is vertical transmission from an infected mother to her neonate. Here, we report the early detection and successful treatment of a vertically transmitted fulminant enteroviral infection associated with myocarditis and hepatitis. The patient had a sudden onset of high fever on the fourth day of life and developed severe, rapidly progressing symptoms of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC), hepatitis, and myocarditis accompanied by tachyarrhythmia. As it was the peak season for enteroviral infections and both the mother and the patient's 36-month-old sibling had a high fever around the time of delivery, we suspected an enteroviral infection. Thus, we initiated prompt evaluation of enteroviral infection, as well as close observation and intensive care of the neonate. We strongly recommend evaluation for the possibility of vertical enterovirus infection in neonates when the mother is suspected of having a viral infection (e.g., high fever and negative results from bacterial infectious studies) around the time of delivery and when the neonate shows some early symptoms of infectious diseases such as thrombocytopenia, DIC, hepatitis, and myocarditis. Early detection of enteroviral infections and prompt implementation of proper treatment are key to reduce the risk of complications and mortality associated with enteroviral infections in neonates.

부영양 연못에서 초음파 작동에 따른 식물플랑크톤의 군집 변화

고소라 ( So Ra Ko ),안치용 ( Chi Yong Ahn ),정승현 ( Seung Hyun Joung ),김희석 ( Hee Sik Kim ),오희목 ( Hee Mock Oh ) 한국환경생물학회 2006 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Microcystin을 분해하는 신균주 Microbacterium sp. MA21

고소라 ( So Ra Ko ),이영기 ( Young Ki Lee ),오희목 ( Hee Mock Oh ),안치용 ( Chi Yong Ahn ) 한국환경생물학회 2013 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.31 No.2

환경시료에서 마이크로시스틴 분해능을 나타낸 균주1종을 분리하였고 16S rRNA gene sequence 분석 결과, Microbacterium sp.로 동정되어 Microbacterium sp. MA21로 명명하였다. R2A배지를 기본 배지로 하여 50 μg L-1 microcystin-LR을 첨가하여 30°C, 12시간 동안 배양한후 PPIA를 통해 microcystin이 80% 이상 분해되는 것을 확인하였다. Microcystin-LR의 분해를 HPLC 분석을 통해 재확인하였고, microcystin 분해산물로 추정되는 두 개의 peak를 확인하였다. 16S rRNA 염기서열을 이용한 계통분류 분석 결과, 본 연구에서 분리한 Microbacterium sp. MA21은 Alphaproteobacteria의 Sphingomonas 속에 속하지 않는 것은 물론 Actinobacteria에는 속하지만 기존에 보고되지 않은, 새로운 genus로 확인되었다. A microcystin-degrading bacterium was isolated from Daechung reservoir, Korea. The isolated bacterium was identified as Microbacterium sp. by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, and designated as Microbacterium sp. MA21. This strain degraded cyanobacterial hepatotoxin, microcystin- LR, over 80% when incubated at 30°C for 12 hr in R2A medium. Two unknown metabolites of microcystin were also identified during the degradation process. Although only Sphinogomonas and Actinobacteria have been known to degrade microcystin previously, this is the first report that Microbacterium sp. MA21 could degrade microcystin.

고추재배 시 다른 함량의 저마늄이 포함된 이온교환수지의 적용

고상민, 이소라, 오명민 忠北大學校 農業科學硏究所 2016 農業科學硏究 Vol.32 No.2

This study was conducted to confirm applicability of ion exchange resins as fertilizers in hot pepper cultivation and to investigate growth response of hot pepper according to different germanium contents of ion exchange resins. Most of vegetative growth characteristics at 5 weeks of transplanting were not significantly different between ion exchange resins treatments and control. In case of AS-63 and AS-64, contained relatively high germanium contents (1.10 and 2.11 mg/L), vegetative growth was inhibited. In reproductive growth, initial fruit yield of ion exchange resins treatments were numerically higher than control. But latter fruit yield of control had rapidly increased, after all, accumulated fruit yield of ion exchange resins treatments were lower than control. Meanwhile, accumulated fruit yield tends to decrease with increase of germanium contents of ion exchange resins. As a result of inorganic elements concentration analysis of shoot, germanium was not detected at unit of ppb, but little amount of it may be absorbed into the plant based on growth inhibition and decreasing of fruit yield in AS-63 and AS- 64. These results suggest that if we find proper treatment contents of ion exchange resins with moderate germanium contents, it can replace conventional fertilizers in hot pepper cultivation.

Improved Pretreatment Method for Determination of Nisins A and Z and Monitoring in Cheese Using Liquid Chromatrography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Ko, Kyung Yuk,Park, So Ra,Lim, Ho-Soo,Park, Se-Jong,Kim, Meehye Springer-Verlag 2016 Food analytical methods Vol.9 No.1

<P>The peptide nisin produced by Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis is known to be one of the natural preservatives that are used in various foods including cheese products. This study optimized and validated a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for determining nisin A and nisin Z in cheese. Processed and natural cheeses were used for method validation. In addition, this study investigated the content of nisin A and nisin Z in 140 cheese samples comprised of imported and domestic cheese. The nisin A and nisin Z contents of 140 cheese samples were determined. An extraction solution consisting of 0.1 M acetate buffer containing 1 M NaCl (pH 2.0) and methanol (NaCl/MeOH, 1:1 v/v) was the optimal solution for nisin extraction from cheese. The limits of quantification of nisin A and nisin Z were approximately 10.2 and 12.6 mu g/kg, respectively. For processed cheese and natural cheese, the recoveries were 80.1-107.3 % for nisin A and 74.4-113.9 % for nisin Z and low coefficients of variation. In monitoring study, nisins A and Z were detected in only three soft processed cheese out of 140 samples. The proposed analysis procedure can be used as an efficient tool for determination of nisin A and nisin Z in cheese using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS).</P>

Changes in Components, Glycyrrhizin and Glycyrrhetinic Acid, in Raw <i>Glycyrrhiza uralensis</i> Fisch, Modify Insulin Sensitizing and Insulinotropic Actions

KO, Byoung-Seob,JANG, Jin Sun,HONG, Sang Mee,SUNG, So Ra,LEE, Ji Eun,LEE, Mi Young,JEON, Won Kyung,PARK, Sunmin Japan Society for Bioscience, Biotechnology, and A 2007 Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry Vol.71 No.6

<P>We hypothesized that roasted Glycyrrhizae Radix (Glycyrrhizin Radix Praeparata, GRP) might modify anti-diabetic action due to compositional changes. Then we examined the anti-diabetic effect and mechanism of raw Glycyrrhizae Radix (GR) and GRP extracts and their major respective components, glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhetinic acid. In partial pancreatectomized (Px) diabetic mice, both GR and GRP improved glucose tolerance, but only GRP enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion as much as exendin-4. Both GR and GRP extracts enhanced insulin-stimulated glucose uptake through peroxisome proliferation-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ activation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Consistently with the results of the mice study, only GRP and glycyrrhetinic acid enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in isolated islets. In addition, they induced mRNA levels of insulin receptor substrate-2, pancreas duodenum homeobox-1, and glucokinase in the islets, which contributed to improving β-cell viability. In conclusion, GRP extract containing glycyrrhetinic acid improved glucose tolerance better than GR extract by enhancing insulinotropic action. Thus, GRP had better anti-diabetic action than GR.</P>