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Kim, K. W.,Adhikari, G.,Adhikari, P.,Choi, S.,Ha, C.,Hahn, I. S.,Jeon, E. J.,Joo, H. W.,Kang, W. G.,Kim, H. J.,Kim, N. Y.,Kim, S. K.,Kim, Y. D.,Kim, Y. H.,Lee, H. S.,Lee, M. H.,Leonard, D. S.,Oh, S. Y IEEE 2016 IEEE transactions on nuclear science Vol.63 No.2
<P>In order to investigate discrimination between nuclear recoil and electron recoil events for the KIMS-NaI dark matter search experiment, we measured the pulse shapes produced by neutrons and gamma rays in a NaI(Tl) crystal. Relatively good pulse shape discrimination (PSD) power due to high light output of recently developed crystals makes it possible to test whether the annual modulation signal observed by the DAMA/LIBRA experiment is caused by nuclear recoil events. We applied the PSD to underground data taken with a 9.15 kg low-background and high-light-output NaI(Tl) crystal for 134 days. Good agreement between underground data and electron recoil events was observed.</P>
A search for 0νββ decay of <sup>124</sup>Sn with tin-loaded liquid scintillator
KIMS Collaboration,Hwang, M.J.,Kwon, Y.J.,Kim, H.J.,Kwak, J.W.,Kim, S.C.,Kim, S.K.,Kim, T.Y.,Kim, S.Y.,Lee, H.S.,Lee, M.J.,Myung, S.S.,Kim, Y.D.,Lee, J.I.,Kang, W.G.,Hahn, I.S.,Lee, M.H. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2009 Astroparticle physics Vol.31 No.6
<P>A search for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of Sn-124 was carried out using the tin-loaded liquid scintillator for an active source-detector technique. Tin (32.6%) in weight was successfully loaded into the liquid scintillator, and light output was as high as 57% of the unloaded liquid scintillator. A tin-loaded liquid scintillator with 1.1 l volume was installed at the 700 m underground laboratory in YangYang. and data were taken for 5285 h. No evidence for the O nu beta beta decay was found and a lower limit on the Sn-124 half-life was obtained to be 2.0 x 10(19) year with 90% C.L The new limit represents a significant improvement with respect to those previously available for Sn-124. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
Key Features in the Operation of KSTAR
Jong-Gu Kwak,Oh, Y. K.,Kim, K. P.,Kim, S. W.,Hong, S. H.,Chu, Y.,Lee, H. J.,Kim, Y. O.,Kim, J.,Park, S. L.,Hahn, S. H.,Park, M. K.,Kim, H. K.,Bak, J. G.,Bae, Y. S.,Ko, W. H.,Lee, S. G.,Lee, J. H.,Jung IEEE 2012 IEEE transactions on plasma science Vol.40 No.3
<P>The Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) device is aimed at advanced tokamak (AT) research. Three years have passed since it achieved its first plasma in 2008. Because it is a superconducting machine and is working toward AT research, it has unique features in terms of the machine engineering and operation. The toroidal field (TF) magnet coils are made of Nb<SUB>3</SUB>Sn, which provide high TFs up to 3.5 T, and have been fully tested. The poloidal field (PF) magnet coils, consisting of both Nb<SUB>3</SUB>Sn and NbTi, which have a maximum current of 25 kA in their design, were tested up to 15 kA. A thermal hydraulic analysis is being conducted for PF magnet coil operation. All plasma-facing components (PFCs) are equipped with water cooled graphite tiles and have the capability of being baked up to 350°C. A startup scenario, which considered both the effect of the ferromagnetic material in the cable in conduit conductor jacket of the magnet coils as well as a nonferromagnetic up-down asymmetry in the cryostat structure, was developed and demonstrated its effectiveness by the last two year's reliable operations. Passive stabilizers and in-vessel control coils (IVCCs) are key components to realize AT operation in KSTAR. The segmented IVCC coils were connected to form circular coils for internal vertical control in 2010, and diverted plasmas with high elongation (κ~1.8, δ>;0.6) were achieved. A neutral beam injection (NBI) system was developed aiming at 2 MW, 300 s per ion source which meets the long-pulse requirement of KSTAR. An NBI ion source with a power of 1.7 MW at 100 kV has been commissioned for 10 s. Finally, ELMy H-modes were successfully produced with 1.3-MW NBI power at a plasma current of 0.6 MA in the 2010 campaign. The first H-mode discharge (#4200) in KSTAR was achieved one year earlier than officially planned and was done at B<SUB>T</SUB> = 2 T with I<SUB>p</SUB> = 0.6 MA in a well-balanced double null configuration after boronization on the PFC. Successful operations in the early days of KSTAR including H-mode experiments revealed the capability of advanced and steady-state operation which is essential for the international thermonuclear experimental reactor (ITER) and future fusion reactors.</P>
Background study of NaI(Tl) crystals for the KIMS-NaI experiment
Adhikari, P,Adhikari, G,Choi, S,Ha, C,Hahn, I S,Jeon, EJ,Joo, H W,Kang, W G,Kim, H J,Kim, H O,Kim, K W,Kim, N Y,Kim, S K,Kim, Y D,Kim, Y H,Lee, H S,Lee, J H,Lee, M H,Leonard, D S,Li, J,Oh, S Y,Olsen, Institute of Physics Publishing Ltd 2016 Journal of Physics: Conference Series Vol.718 No.-
Kim, M-J,Kang, J-H,Park, Y G,Ryu, G R,Ko, S H,Jeong, I-K,Koh, K-H,Rhie, D-J,Yoon, S H,Hahn, S J,Kim, M-S,Jo, Y-H Journal of Endocrinology, Ltd. [etc.] 2006 The Journal of endocrinology Vol.188 No.3
<P>Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and its analog exendin-4 (EX) have been considered as a growth factor implicated in pancreatic islet mass increase and beta-cell proliferation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of EX on cyclin D1 expression, a key regulator of the cell cycle, in the pancreatic beta-cell line INS-1. We demonstrated that EX significantly increased cyclin D1 mRNA and subsequently its protein levels. Although EX induced phosphorylation of Raf-1 and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK), both PD98059 and exogenous ERK1 had no effect on the cyclin D1 induction by EX. Instead, the cAMP-elevating agent forskolin induced cyclin D1 expression remarkably and this response was inhibited by pretreatment with H-89, a protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor. Promoter analyses revealed that the cAMP-responsive element (CRE) site (at position -48; 5'-TAACGTCA-3') of cyclin D1 gene was required for both basal and EX-induced activation of the cyclin D1 promoter, which was confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis study. For EX to activate the cyclin D1 promoter effectively, CRE-binding protein (CREB) should be phosphorylated and bound to the putative CRE site, according to the results of electrophoretic mobility shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays. Lastly, a transfection assay employing constitutively active or dominant-negative CREB expression plasmids clearly demonstrated that CREB was largely involved in both basal and EX-induced cyclin D1 promoter activities. Taken together, EX-induced cyclin D1 expression is largely dependent on the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway, and EX increases the level of phosphorylated CREB and more potently trans-activates cyclin D1 gene through binding of the CREB to the putative CRE site, implicating a potential mechanism underlying beta-cell proliferation by EX.</P>
Kim H.Y. Hahn,Jihyun Kim 한국마케팅과학회 2013 Journal of Global Fashion Marketing Vol.4 No.4
Ubiquitous usages of mobile devices among young adult consumers have been wellrecognized.Themobile retail industry has been estimated to have 70 billion subscribers by2016. There has been much trade report regarding the statistics and estimates of thesignificance of the industry. However, there is little empirical research explaining thedynamics behind what motivates young adult consumers to usemobile devices for variouscommerce related activities. This study, therefore, aims to unveil a few key antecedentsinfluencing Gen Y consumers’ behavioral intentions toward the use of mobile devices forcommunication as well as commerce purposes. We developed a conceptual model basedon the Media Dependency Theory (Ball-Rokeach & Defluer, 1976) and conspicuousconsumption (Veblen, 1899) literature. Five hundred and four college students in two largeUS universities provided usable responses to our pencil-and-paper survey. Causalmodeling analysis results demonstrated that females exhibited higher fashion/brandinterest, compared to the counterparts. Individual’s perception regarding peer influence onusingmobile devices substantially and positively influenced both fashion/brand interest aswell as text messaging behavior via mobile devices, which in turn positively led to theintentions to use mobile devices for shopping for apparel products and receive thepromotional messages delivered via mobile devices.
Formation of the internal transport barrier in KSTAR
Chung, J.,Kim, H.S.,Jeon, Y.M.,Kim, J.,Choi, M.J.,Ko, J.,Lee, K.D.,Lee, H.H.,Yi, S.,Kwon, J.M.,Hahn, S.-H.,Ko, W.H.,Lee, J.H.,Yoon, S.W. International Atomic Energy Agency 2018 Nuclear fusion Vol.58 No.1
<P>One of key objectives of tokamak experiments is the exploration of enhanced confinement regimes, and the access of the internal transport barrier (ITB) formation is dealt with an important physics issue in the most of major tokamaks. Also, the advanced tokamak scenario with ITB is expected to lead to a continuous reactor with high fusion power density. From that point of view, the formation of the ITB in KSTAR which is designed for long pulse operation capability is very important although its heating and current drive systems are not fully equipped yet. We have therefore assumed that an early injection of the full NBI power (∼5.5 MW) during the current ramp-up would give a chance to form an internal barrier if the plasma could stay in the L-mode. To avoid the H-mode transition, we have produced inboard limited plasmas with detaching from the both upper and lower divertors. Using this approach, an ITB formation during L-mode has been observed which shows improved core confinement. Ion and electron temperature profiles show the barrier clearly in the temperature, and it was sustained for about 7 s in the dedicated experiment. This is the first stationary ITB observed in a full superconducting tokamak. This operation scenario with the ITB could be an alternative way to achieve a high performance regime in KSTAR, and the length of the ITB discharge could be extended even longer. In this paper, we present the formation of the ITB using measured and simulated characteristic profiles.</P>
Electric Probe Measurements at Edge Region During H‐Mode Discharges in KSTAR
Bak, J.G.,Oh, Y.S.,Kim, H.S.,Hahn, S.H.,Yoon, S.W.,Jeon, Y.M.,Xiao, W.W.,Ko, W.H.,Kim, W.C.,Kwak, J.G.,Woo, H.J.,Chung, K.S.,the KSTAR project team, WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2013 Contributions to plasma physics Vol.53 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Electrical probe measurements are carried out at the scrape‐off‐layer (SOL) and divertor regions in order to investigate the characteristics of edge plasmas during H‐mode discharges in the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) device. Radial profiles of plasma parameters such as electron temperature T<SUB><I>e</I></SUB>, plasma density n<SUB><I>e</I></SUB>, and parallel flow velocity v<I><SUB>‖</SUB></I> are measured by using a fast reciprocating Langmuir probe assembly (FRLPA) at the SOL region. From the FRLPA measurements, it is found that the decay length of temperature λ<I><SUB>Te</SUB></I> and that of density λ<I><SUB>ne</SUB></I> are 2 <I>∼</I> 4 cm and 1 <I>∼</I> 3 cm, respectively. The magnitude of v<I><SUB>‖</SUB></I> near the last closed flux surface (LCFS) is 4 <I>∼</I> 15 km/s. The radial flux due to edge turbulence at the SOL region is investigated by using spectra analysis on electrostatic fluctuation levels such as ion saturation current Ĩ<I><SUB>is</SUB></I> and floating potential <TEX>$ \tilde{\rm V}_f$</TEX> obtained from the FRLPA measurement. The value of the flux is estimated as <I>∼</I> 10<SUP>20</SUP> particle m<SUP>−2</SUP> s <SUP>−1</SUP> near the LCFS. The poloidal distribution of the ion saturation current density j<I><SUB>is</SUB></I> is measured by fixed edge Langmuir probe array (ELPA) at the divertor region, and it is found that the positions of strike points from the ELPA measurement agree well with those reconstructed from the EFIT result using magnetic diagnostic data. From the spectrum analysis on the ELPA measurements at the divertor region during edge localized modes (ELMs) control in the H‐mode discharges, it is observed that the magnitude of <TEX>$ \tilde{\rm j}_{is}$</TEX>(<I>ω</I>) near strike point decreases when the ELMs are suppressed or mitigated (© 2013 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)</P>