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East Asia Free Trade Area: From ASEAN Plus One Perspective
Tran Nhuam Kien 대구대학교 경제경영연구소 2006 경제경영연구 Vol.4 No.1
This paper analyzes reasons and motivations for the initiative of the ASEAN+1 FTAs in the context of East Asia's regional economic integrating that such initiative marks the commencement of an East Asian FTA, and in succession triggers the East Asian economic integration, which will balance the two major regional arrangements in the world, EU and NAFTA. Using a gravity model, I have examined whether ASEAN+1 FTAs are trade creation or trade diversion between member and non member countries on the way of forming FTAs in East Asia. The empirical results in the paper suggest two important conclusions. First, GDP, population, area of member countries as well as distance and language connection show significant for East Asia regional trade. Second, all ASEAN+1 FTAs are open to trade with the rest of the world (i.e., no trade diversion). However, the establishment of ASEAN+1 FTAs would worsen the trade balances of member counties with the United States and Japan.
Kien Trung Hoang,Satish Kumar Gopalan,양승한 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.1
Micro-electrical discharge machining (μ-EDM) has recently received increased attentions in high precision machining and micro manufacturing. Since μ-EDM is a very complex process, it is difficult to develop a comprehensive model to analyze and predict its characteristics. This makes μ-EDM more difficult to control and requiring high skilled, experienced operators. Although electro-thermal modelshave been developed to estimate the material removal rate, tool wear ratio and surface roughness of the μ-EDM process, since they arebased on the usage of incorrect value of fraction of energy distributed to electrodes the estimations deviate significantly from the experimentalresults. This paper presents an experimental study of the fraction of energy distributed to the electrodes of a μ-EDM processwhere the material of both electrodes and dielectric are in concern. The fractions of the energy are estimated using an electro-thermalmodel based on controllable parameters, and were simplified by empirical models for investigation and comparison.
Wage Differentials among Ownership Groups and Worker Quality in Vietnamese Manufacturing
Kien Trung Nguyen,Eric D. Ramstetter 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2017 Global economic review Vol.46 No.3
Wholly foreign multinational enterprises (WFs), joint-venture multinationals (JVs), state-owned enterprises (SOEs) pay higher wages than domestic private firms in Vietnamese manufacturing. In large samples of medium–large (20+ employees) firms, conditional differentials accounting for worker education and occupation, as well as capital intensity, size, and shares of female workers, were substantially smaller, but positive and significant. Wage levels and differentials varied substantially among industries. Conditional differentials remained positive and significant for WFs and JVs in most of the 11 industries examined, but estimates of SOE-private differentials were insignificant in most industries. Robustness checks using 2007 data yielded similar results.
Kien Nguyen, T.,Nguyen, V.D.,Seong, B.,Hoang, N.,Park, J.,Byun, D. Pergamon Press 2014 Journal of aerosol science Vol.71 No.-
Electrospray and electrohydrodynamic (EHD) jet have been paid much attention to produce fine droplets or particles. However, although applying a constant voltage, meniscus fluctuation may occur because of the variation in electric field. There are various reasons for the change in electric field such as distance between a nozzle to a substrate, wetting condition, pressure drop, and liquid vaporization. The fluctuation of the meniscus during jetting may cause unstable jetting and spray, which results in non-uniform patterning or coating. To tackle this problem, this paper introduces an advanced control of applied voltage that keeps the meniscus stable. An image processing method called meniscus characterization is used to provide information about the meniscus shape to a controller as a feedback signal. In addition, this meniscus information is also used to evaluate an optimal voltage that is applied to the nozzle to improve the startup time in the spray and EHD ejection. The experiment results show that the shape of meniscus is stably maintained, the jetting and the electrospray also become stable and the jet startup time is reduced.