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WEI LU(위로),LI YU-SHANG(이옥상),Yang-Kee Lee(이양기) 한국아시아학회 2021 아시아연구 Vol.24 No.3
In December 2015 at the Paris Conference, under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, nearly 200 UN parties to the unanimously agreed to adopt the Paris Agreement to climate change after 2020. According to the Paris Agreement, to tackle the problem of global warming, the average temperature should be kept within 1.5 to 2 degrees Celsius by the end of the 21st century compared with pre-industrialization time. By doing so, the total amount of human-induced greenhouse-gas emissions worldwide will be in balance with total natural absorption at the end of the twenty-first century. Climate change is a common challenge for all humanity and requires the global cooperation between countries around the world to tackle it together. In 2019, the European Commission announced a "European Green New Deal" in response to post-departure change, proposing that Europe to be the first to achieve a “carbon-neutralization” on a global scale by 2050. For the U.S., as one of the major emitters, it accounts for about 15% of global greenhouse-gas emissions. In 2020, The U.S. President, Joe Biden proposed the electricity generation should transit to renewable energy to achieve carbon-free electricity generation by 2035 and carbon neutralization by 2050. In addition, for some developed countries, including Australia and Korea, have taken strong policies and measures in line with the goal of carbon-neutralization. For China, the largest developing country, has taken on international responsibility and obligations during the 75th UN General Assembly on September 22, 2020, proposing to increase its contribution to climate change and adopt stronger policies and measures to achieve carbon -neutralization by 2030. As the ultimate goal of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is to address climate change and achieve carbon neutralization, thereby both national and regional efforts are required. Hence, studying the status quo and trends of international commitments are the key cornerstones for China to achieve its carbon-neutralization goals by seeking international cooperation to reduce emission sand driving global climate governance. Thus this paper analyzes the climate provisions of the Paris agreement, compares carbon-neutralization actions with climate cooperation, draws on the technological pathways, policy initiatives, and low-carbon economic, social justice transformation, etc. In order to develop long-term strategies in consistent with China"s carbon-neutralization.
Wei Qiang Jia,Cho Kwang Min,Jeung Joo Lee,Kee Woong Park 한국잡초학회 2021 한국잡초학회 별책(학술대회 초록집) Vol.41 No.1
Schoenoplectus juncoides is a noxious weed in paddy field of South Korea. The excessive and unreasonable use of ALS-inhibiting herbicide caused the evolution of herbicide-resistant S juncoides. As a part of the management of ALS-inhibiting herbicide resistance, early detection of the ALS-inhibiting herbicide resistance in S juncoides is necessary. In this study, we evaluated three methods of rapidly detecting ALS-resistance in S juncoides, including the cutting root test, cutting shoot test, and resistance in-season quick (RISO) test. Three herbicide-resistant populations of S juncotdes (GR, 217R, and WR) and one susceptible population of S juncoides (HS) collected from the Chungnam and Jeonbuk provinces of South Korea served as experimental materials for the evaluation of three resistance test methods established by previous studies. In the three test methods, the GR and 217R were confirmed as resistant to flucetosulfuron and susceptible to penoxsulam. The WR was highly resistant to flucetosulfuron and penoxsulam. All the three resistance test methods have been successfully applied for identifying the ALS-inhibiting herbicide-resistant S juncoides in-season. Especially, the result of cutting roots test demonstrated that the GR, 217R, and WR biotypes were highly resistant to flucetosulfuron with the R/S ratios of 34, 100, and 1852, respectively. The WR biotype was highly resistant to penoxsulam with the R/S ratio of 912, whereas the GR and 217R biotypes were susceptible to penoxsulam. These in-season quick tests are likely to contribute to the use of effective herbicide in crops leading to decreased costs of labour and inputs in paddy field, and increased profits.
Li, Wei,Ding, Yan,Quang, Tran Hong,Nguyen, Thi Thanh Ngan,Sun, Ya Nan,Yan, Xi Tao,Yang, Seo Young,Choi, Chun Whan,Lee, Eun Jung,Paek, Kee Yoeup,Kim, Young Ho Korean Chemical Society 2013 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.34 No.5
A new compound, perforaphenonoside A (1), along with 11 known compounds (2-12) were isolated from a methanol extract of adventitious roots of Hypericum perforatum. Their chemical structures were elucidated using chemical and physical methods as well as comparison of NMR and mass spectral data with previously reported data. Their inhibition of NF-${\kappa}B$ and activation of PPAR was measured in HepG2 cells using a luciferase reporter system. Among the compounds 3, 6, 7 and 12 inhibited NF-${\kappa}B$ activation stimulated by TNF${\alpha}$ in a dose-dependent manner, with $IC_{50}$ values ranging from 0.85 to $8.10{\mu}M$. Moreover, compounds 1-3, 7, 11 and 12 activated the transcriptional activity of PPARs in a dose-dependent manner, with $EC_{50}$ values ranging from 7.3 to $58.7{\mu}M$. The transactivational effects of compounds 1-3, 7, 11 and 12 were evaluated on three individual PPAR subtypes. Among them, compound 2 activated $PPAR{\alpha}$ transcriptional activity, with 153.97% stimulation at $10{\mu}M$, while compounds 1, 2 and 11 exhibited transcriptional activity of $PPAR{\gamma}$, with stimulation from 124.76% to 126.91% at $10{\mu}M$.