Do Institutions Trump Everything Else?: The Essay of Rodrik et al. (2004) Revisited

Kamel Ghaddab 세종대학교 경제통합연구소 2024 Journal of Economic Integration Vol.39 No.2

In this paper, we aim to estimate the independent effect of trade openness on the long-term growth performance of nations. The empirical methodology is based on two separate steps. In the first step, we will introduce an alternative methodology to estimate a more precise instrument for trade openness, using an extended hierarchical-longitudinal method, thereby enhancing the framework developed by Frankel and Romer [1999]. In the second step, we will estimate the growth effect of trade openness within an automatic selection framework for the income equation of nations, while accounting for the effects of institutions and geography.

Market Volatility Transmission and Central Banking: What Happened during the Subprime Crisis?

Kamel Malik Bensafta,Gervasio Semedo 한국국제경제학회 2014 International Economic Journal Vol.28 No.4

We examine market volatility spillover during calm and crisis periods. First, we define endogenous and exogenous market volatility: endogenous volatility refers to the early part of uncertainty in the market, while, exogenous volatility is not fully anticipated and occurs as a result of decisions taken by actors and institutions. Endogenous volatility is captured by the mean of the GARCH-type process. We compare market reaction to central banking for two states: outside the subprime crisis and during the subprime crisis. We evaluate the effectiveness of central banking during the crisis. We used a Multivariate GARCH model with structural breaks in variance. Our main findings confirm the American market's impact on European markets, and changes in cross-market spillover during the crisis. The results show the effect of communications, meeting days and policy decisions of the Fed on world markets.

Response of Commercial Cotton Cultivars to Fusarium solani

Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam,Moawad R. Omar,Abdel-Rheem El-Samawaty,Aly A. Aly 한국식물병리학회 2007 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.23 No.2

Twenty-nine isolates of Fusarium solani, originally isolated from diseased cotton roots in Egypt, were evaluated for their ability to cause symptoms on four genetically diverse cotton cultivars. Analysis of variance showed highly significant variance among cultivars, and isolates as well as the isolate × genotype interactions were highly significant (p < 0.0001). Although most isolates showed intermediate pathogenicity, there were two groups of isolates that showed significant differences in pathogenicity on all four cultivars. None of the cultivars were found to be immune to any of the isolates. On all cultivars, there were strong significant positive correlations between dry weight and each of preemergence damping-off, survival, and plant height. Considering 75% similarity in virulence, two groups comprising a total of 29 isolates were recognized. Ninety-three percent of the isolates have the same pathogenicity patterns with consistently low pathogenicity, and narrow diversity of virulence. Isolates Fs4 and Fs5 shared the same distinct overall virulence spectrum with consistently high pathogenicity. There was no clear-cut relationship between virulence of the isolates based on reaction pattern on 4 cultivars and each of host genotype, previous crop, and geographic origin.

A Rapid Technique for Determination of Total Disappearance of Dietary Nitrogen in the Digestive Tract Using Washed Fecal Sample after Freezing and Thawing

Kamel, H.E.M.,El-Waziry, A.,Sekine, J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2000 Animal Bioscience Vol.13 No.3

Three Holstein steers, fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas, were used in a replicated $3{\times}3$ Latin square design to determine the digestibility of dietary nitrogen in total digestive tract by three methods, 1) mobile nylon bag (MNB); 2) total fecal collection (TFC); and 3) washed fecal sample after freezing and thawing through a sieve with a pore size of $45{\mu}m$ (WFS). A basal diet of oaten hay-barley was supplemented with one of the following protein sources; soybean meal, fish meal or blood meal. Steers were fed at a level of 2% of body weight. The experimental diets were contained approximately 1.85% nitrogen. There were no differences (p>0.05) among the diets on DM, NDF and nitrogen disappearances, and the diet results were pooled to assess the methods. Total tract disappearances of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber were 61.6, 71.1 and 78.9 and 25.3, 63.2 and 64.6 for MNB, TFC and WFS methods, respectively. The lower digestibility of DM and NDF in the MNB method could be a result of low ruminal incubation time. The TFC method had the lower (p<0.05) determination of nitrogen disappearance in the total digestive tract than the MNB and WFS methods. On the other hand, nitrogen disappearance in the total digestive tract determined by the WFS technique was comparable to that in MNB technique, as there was no significant difference (p>0.05) between the methods. It is shown that the disappearance of dietary nitrogen in the total digestive tract could be estimated in the intact animals by using washed fecal sample prior to freezing and thawing.

Hygrothermal effects on the behavior of reinforced-concrete beams strengthened by bonded composite laminate plates

Kamel Antar,Khaled Amara,Samir Benyoucef,Mokhtar Bouazza,Mokhtar Ellali 국제구조공학회 2019 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.69 No.3

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the hygrothermal effects on the behavior of reinforced-concrete beams strengthened by bonded composite laminate plates (n/90 m)s. This work is based on a simple theoretical model to estimate the interfacial stresses developed between the concrete beam and the composite with taking into account the hygrothermal effect. Fibre orientation angle effects of number of 90° layers and effects of plate thickness and length on the distributions of interfacial stress in the concrete beams reinforced with composite plates have also been studied.

Implementation of phase change material for cooling load reduction: a case study for Cairo, Egypt

Kamel Joseph Alfy,Mina Ehab Mouris,Elsabbagh Ahmed Moneeb 대한설비공학회 2022 International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.30 No.1

Integrating a phase change material (PCM) into building envelopes can reduce energy needs in the built environment, and the consequent greenhouse emissions. This research examines the impact of PCM integrated into a traditional wall in Egypt on peak and average cooling energy consumption. A MATLAB code based on the finite volume technique using the Crank-Nicolson method for discretization is implemented. Several benchmark cases and experimental results validate the code. The time-dependent boundary conditions of the cases examined were based on the irradiance and ambient temperatures measured in Cairo, Egypt. Simulations are performed on eight different PCMs, using their real published DSC curve. The study aims to investigate the performance of each PCM at different positions, thicknesses, and wall orientations. The calculations revealed that using the proper PCM type and the proper position could decrease the average by 38.14%, Also the peak heat flux could be decreased by 58.53%.

Stability in nonlinear neutral Levin-Nohel integro-differential equations

Kamel Ali Khelil,Abdelouaheb Ardjouni,Ahcene Djoudi 강원경기수학회 2017 한국수학논문집 Vol.25 No.3

In this paper we use the Krasnoselskii-Burton's fixed point theorem to obtain asymptotic stability and stability results about the zero solution for the following nonlinear neutral Levin-Nohel integro-differential equation $$ x^{\prime }(t)+\int_{t-\tau (t)}^{t}a(t,s)g\left( x(s)\right) ds+c(t)x^{\prime }(t-\tau (t))=0. $$ The results obtained here extend the work of Mesmouli, Ardjouni and Djoudi [20].

Biophysical properties of PPF/HA nanocomposites reinforced with natural bone powder

Kamel, Nagwa A.,Mansour, Samia H.,Abd-El-Messieh, Salwa L.,Khalil, Wafaa A.,Abd-El Nour, Kamal N. Techno-Press 2015 Advances in materials research Vol.4 No.3

Biodegredable and injectable nanocomposites based on polypropylene fumarate (PPF) as unsaturated polyester were prepared. The investigated polyester was crosslinked with three different monomers namely N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP), methyl methacrylate (MMA) and a mixture of NVP and MMA (1:1 weight ratio) and was filled with 45 wt% of hydroxyapatite (HA) incorporated with different concentrations of chemically treated natural bone powder (NBP) (5, 10 and 15 wt%) in order to be used in treatment of orthopedics bone diseases and fractures. The nanocomposites immersed in the simulated body fluid (SBF) for 30 days, after the period of immersion in-vitro bioactivity of the nanocomposites was studied through Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) in addition to dielectric measurements. The degradation time of immersed samples and the change in the pH of the SBF were studied during the period of immersion.

BEPAT: A platform for building energy assessment in energy smart homes and design optimization

Kamel, Ehsan,Memari, Ali M. Techno-Press 2017 Advances in energy research Vol.5 No.4

Energy simulation tools can provide information on the amount of heat transfer through building envelope components, which are considered the main sources of heat loss in buildings. Therefore, it is important to improve the quality of outputs from energy simulation tools and also the process of obtaining them. In this paper, a new Building Energy Performance Assessment Tool (BEPAT) is introduced, which provides users with granular data related to heat transfer through every single wall, window, door, roof, and floor in a building and automatically saves all the related data in text files. This information can be used to identify the envelope components for thermal improvement through energy retrofit or during the design phase. The generated data can also be adopted in the design of energy smart homes, building design tools, and energy retrofit tools as a supplementary dataset. BEPAT is developed by modifying EnergyPlus source code as the energy simulation engine using C++, which only requires Input Data File (IDF) and weather file to perform the energy simulation and automatically provide detailed output. To validate the BEPAT results, a computer model is developed in Revit for use in BEPAT. Validating BEPAT's output with EnergyPlus "advanced output" shows a difference of less than 2% and thus establishing the capability of this tool to facilitate the provision of detailed output on the quantity of heat transfer through walls, fenestrations, roofs, and floors.

TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY DETERMINANTS OF THE TUNISIAN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY: STOCHASTIC PRODUCTION FRONTIERS ESTIMATES ON PANEL DATA

KAMEL HELALI,MAHA KALAI 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2015 Journal of Economic Development Vol.40 No.2

In this paper, we analyze the development of technical efficiency in the Tunisian manufacturing sector using advanced analysis methods. The technical efficiency of the industrial sectors is measured on the basis of panel data through the bias of a classical approach and a Bayesian one, which makes the inefficiency terms change over time. This exercise helps to assess the robustness of the estimated technical efficiency compared to the choice of the estimation technique. The mean efficiency score is found to be of 77 percent and there is no evidence of a continuous increase in efficiency.