Curcumin supplementation shows modulatory influence on functional and morphological features of hippocampus in mice subjected to arsenic trioxide exposure

Kamakshi Mehta,Balpreet Kaur,Kamlesh Kumar Pandey,Saroj Kaler,Pushpa Dhar 대한해부학회 2020 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.53 No.3

Since, oxidative stress has been suggested as one of the mechanisms underlying arsenic-induced toxicity, the present study focused on the role of antioxidant (curcumin) supplementation on behavioral, biochemical, and morphological alterations with context to mice hippocampus (CA1) following arsenic trioxide (As₂O₃) administration. Healthy male Swiss albino mice were divided into control and experimental groups. As₂O₃ (2 mg/kg bw) alone or along with curcumin (100 mg/kg bw) was administered to experimental groups by oral route for 45 days whereas the control groups received either no treatment or vehicle for curcumin. Animals were subjected to behavioral study towards the end of the experimental period (day 33-45). On day 46, the brain samples were obtained and subjected either to immersion fixation (for morphometric observations) or used afresh for biochemical test. Behavioral tests (open field, elevated plus maze, and Morris water maze) revealed enhanced anxiety levels and impairment of cognitive functions in As₂O₃ alone treated groups whereas a trend of recovery was evident in mice simultaneously treated with As₂O₃ and curcumin. Morphological observations showed noticeable reduction in stratum pyramidale thickness (CA1), along with decrease in density and size of pyramidal neurons in As₂O₃ alone exposed group as compared to As₂O₃+Cu co-treated group. Hippocampal glutathione levels were found to be downregulated in animals receiving As₂O₃ as against the levels of controls and curcumin supplemented animals, thereby, suggestive of beneficial role of curcumin on As₂O₃ induced adverse effects.

Enhanced Continuous Production of Lovastatin Using Pellets and Siran Supported Growth of Aspergillus Terreus in an Airlift Reactor

Kamakshi Gupta,P. K. Mishra,Pradeep Srivastava 한국생물공학회 2009 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.14 No.2

Lovastatin, a hypocholesterolemic agent, is a secondary metabolite produced by filamentous microorganism Aspergillusterreus in submerged batch cultivation. Lovastatin production by pellets and immobilized siran cells was investigated in an airlift reactor. The process was carried out by submerged cultivation in continuous mode with the objective of increasing productivity using pellet and siran supported growth of A. terreus. The continuous mode of fermentation improves the rate of lovastatin productionK=The effect of dilution rate and aeration rate were studied in continuous culture. The optimum dilution rate for pellet was 0.02 h-1 and for siran carrier was 0.025 h-1. Lovastatin productivity using immobilized siran carrier (0.0255 g/L/h) was found to be greater than pellets (0.022 g/L/h). The productivity by both modes of fermentation was found higher than that of batch process which suggests that continuous cultivation is a promising strategy for lovastatin production. Lovastatin, a hypocholesterolemic agent, is a secondary metabolite produced by filamentous microorganism Aspergillusterreus in submerged batch cultivation. Lovastatin production by pellets and immobilized siran cells was investigated in an airlift reactor. The process was carried out by submerged cultivation in continuous mode with the objective of increasing productivity using pellet and siran supported growth of A. terreus. The continuous mode of fermentation improves the rate of lovastatin productionK=The effect of dilution rate and aeration rate were studied in continuous culture. The optimum dilution rate for pellet was 0.02 h-1 and for siran carrier was 0.025 h-1. Lovastatin productivity using immobilized siran carrier (0.0255 g/L/h) was found to be greater than pellets (0.022 g/L/h). The productivity by both modes of fermentation was found higher than that of batch process which suggests that continuous cultivation is a promising strategy for lovastatin production.

A Correlative Evaluation of Morphology and Rheology of Aspergillus terreus during Lovastatin Fermentation

Gupta, Kamakshi,Mishra, P.K.,Srivastava, Pradeep Korean Society for Biotechnology and Bioengineerin 2007 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.12 No.2

Lovastatin, a secondary metabolite, was produced by fermentation process using Aspergillus terreus in an internal loop airlift reactor. It is a highly aerobic fermentation process. Biomass concentration and cell morphology were evaluated and observed to contribute significantly to the high viscosity and pseudoplastic non-Newtonian behavior of the broth. Typical morphological changes over 10 days in the fermentation broth were studied. The viscosity increased from the start of the fermentation with an increasing cell mass content, reached to a maximum of $60N/m^2{\cdot}s$ at 160 h and then declined after the branching of the hyphae with the formation of arthrospores. Rheological parameters like consistency index and fluidity index were evaluated. The consistency index was observed to increase from 9.8 to $66.85 N/m^2$, while fluidity index decreased from 0.69 to $0.48s^{-1}$ during 10 days of lovastatin production. A correlation between growth and consistency index of the broth has been evaluated.

Traffic Signal Recognition System Based on Color and Time for Visually Impaired

P. Kamakshi International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2023 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.23 No.4

Nowadays, a blind man finds it very difficult to cross the roads. They should be very vigilant with every step they take. To resolve this problem, Convolutional Neural Networks(CNN) is a best method to analyse the data and automate the model without intervention of human being. In this work, a traffic signal recognition system is designed using CNN for the visually impaired. To provide a safe walking environment, a voice message is given according to light state and timer state at that instance. The developed model consists of two phases, in the first phase the CNN model is trained to classify different images captured from traffic signals. Common Objects in Context (COCO) labelled dataset is used, which includes images of different classes like traffic lights, bicycles, cars etc. The traffic light object will be detected using this labelled dataset with help of object detection model. The CNN model detects the color of the traffic light and timer displayed on the traffic image. In the second phase, from the detected color of the light and timer value a text message is generated and sent to the text-to-speech conversion model to make voice guidance for the blind person. The developed traffic light recognition model recognizes traffic light color and countdown timer displayed on the signal for safe signal crossing. The countdown timer displayed on the signal was not considered in existing models which is very useful. The proposed model has given accurate results in different scenarios when compared to other models.

Design and Analysis of Microstrip Line Feed Toppled T Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna using Radial Basis Function Neural Network

Aneesh, Mohammad,Kumar, Anil,Singh, Ashish,Kamakshi, Kamakshi,Ansari, J.A. The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2015 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.10 No.2

This paper deals with the design of a microstrip line feed toppled T shaped microstrip patch antenna that gives dualband characteristics at 4 GHz and 6.73 GHz respectively. The simulation of proposed antenna geometry has been performed using method of moment based IE3D simulation software. A radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) is used for the estimation of bandwidth for dualband at 4 GHz and 6.73 GHz respectively. In RBFNN model, antenna parameters such as dielectric constant, height of substrate, and width are used as input and bandwidth of first and second band is considered as output of the network. To validate the RBFNN output, an antenna has been physically fabricated on glass epoxy substrate. The fabricated antenna can be utilized in S and C bands applications. RBFNN results are found in close agreement with simulated and experimental results.

A Correlative Evaluation of Morphology and Rheology of Aspergillus terreus during Lovastatin Fermentation

Pradeep Srivastava,Kamakshi Gupta,P. K. Mishra 한국생물공학회 2007 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.12 No.2

Lovastatin, a secondary metabolite, was produced by fermentation process using Aspergillus terreus in an internal loop airlift reactor. It is a highly aerobic fermentation process. Biomass concentration and cell morphology were evaluated and observed to contribute significantly to the high viscosity and pseudoplastic non-Newtonian behavior of the broth. Typical morphological changes over 10 days in the fermentation broth were studied. The viscosity increased from the start of the fermentation with an increasing cell mass content, reached to a maximum of 60 N/m2·s at 160 h and then declined after the branching of the hyphae with the formation of arthrospores. Rheological parameters like consistency index and fluidity index were evaluated. The consistency index was observed to increase from 9.8 to 66.85 N/m2, while fluidity index decreased from 0.69 to 0.48 s1 during 10 days of lovastatin production. A correlation between growth and consistency index of the broth has been evaluated.

Design and Analysis of Microstrip Line Feed Toppled T Shaped Microstrip Patch Antenna using Radial Basis Function Neural Network

Mohammad Aneesh,Anil Kumar,Ashish Singh,Kamakshi,J.A Ansari 대한전기학회 2015 Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology Vol.10 No.2

This paper deals with the design of a microstrip line feed toppled T shaped microstrip patch antenna that gives dualband characteristics at 4 GHz and 6.73 GHz respectively. The simulation of proposed antenna geometry has been performed using method of moment based IE3D simulation software. A radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) is used for the estimation of bandwidth for dualband at 4 GHz and 6.73 GHz respectively. In RBFNN model, antenna parameters such as dielectric constant, height of substrate, and width are used as input and bandwidth of first and second band is considered as output of the network. To validate the RBFNN output, an antenna has been physically fabricated on glass epoxy substrate. The fabricated antenna can be utilized in S and C bands applications. RBFNN results are found in close agreement with simulated and experimental results.

Unplanned 30-Day Hospital Readmissions of Symptomatic Carotid and Vertebral Artery Dissection

Tapan Mehta,Smit Patel,Shailesh Male,Romil Parikh,Kathan Mehta,Kamakshi Lakshminarayan,Ramachandra Tummala,Mustapha Ezzeddine 대한뇌졸중학회 2018 Journal of stroke Vol.20 No.3

Ferrochelatase is a therapeutic target for ocular neovascularization

Basavarajappa, Halesha D,Sulaiman, Rania S,Qi, Xiaoping,Shetty, Trupti,Sheik Pran Babu, Sardar,Sishtla, Kamakshi L,Lee, Bit,Quigley, Judith,Alkhairy, Sameerah,Briggs, Christian M,Gupta, Kamna,Tang, Bu John Wiley & Sons Ltd 2017 EMBO molecular medicine Vol.9 No.6

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Ocular neovascularization underlies major blinding eye diseases such as “wet” age‐related macular degeneration (AMD). Despite the successes of treatments targeting the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) pathway, resistant and refractory patient populations necessitate discovery of new therapeutic targets. Using a forward chemical genetic approach, we identified the heme synthesis enzyme ferrochelatase (FECH) as necessary for angiogenesis <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I>. FECH is overexpressed in wet AMD eyes and murine choroidal neovascularization; siRNA knockdown of <I>Fech</I> or partial loss of enzymatic function in the <I>Fech</I><SUP>m1Pas</SUP> mouse model reduces choroidal neovascularization. <I>FECH</I> depletion modulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase function and VEGF receptor 2 levels. FECH is inhibited by the oral antifungal drug griseofulvin, and this compound ameliorates choroidal neovascularization in mice when delivered intravitreally or orally. Thus, FECH inhibition could be used therapeutically to block ocular neovascularization.</P>