Characterization of polymer electrolytes based on high molecular weight PVC and Li2SO4

S. Ramesh,K.Y. Ng 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.3

The polymer–salt complex with high molecular weight poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) as the host polymer and lithium sulphate (Li2SO4) as the dopant salt are constructed in the form of thin film. Ionic conductivity studies in the temperature range of 303–373 K are performed for polymer complexes with 75% and 85% PVC. Arrhenius and Vogel–Tamman–Fulcher (VTF) behaviour was observed before and after the Tg of polymer, respectively. Dielectric constant and electrical modulus were analyzed and it was concluded that the films had ion conducting potential. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) study confirmed that complexation occurred between PVC and Li2SO4. The polymer–salt complex with high molecular weight poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) as the host polymer and lithium sulphate (Li2SO4) as the dopant salt are constructed in the form of thin film. Ionic conductivity studies in the temperature range of 303–373 K are performed for polymer complexes with 75% and 85% PVC. Arrhenius and Vogel–Tamman–Fulcher (VTF) behaviour was observed before and after the Tg of polymer, respectively. Dielectric constant and electrical modulus were analyzed and it was concluded that the films had ion conducting potential. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) study confirmed that complexation occurred between PVC and Li2SO4.

Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) attenuates age-related oxidative stress and ameliorates antioxidant capacity in rats

Ramesh, T.,Yoo, S.K.,Kim, S.W.,Hwang, S.Y.,Sohn, S.H.,Kim, I.W.,Kim, S.K. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2012 Experimental Gerontology Vol.47 No.12

Free radical-induced oxidative damage is considered to be the most important consequence of the aging process. The activities and capacities of antioxidant systems of cells decline with increased age, leading to the gradual loss of pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance and resulting in increased oxidative stress. Our investigation was focused on the effects of cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) on lipid peroxidation and antioxidation in aged rats. Age-associated decline in the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH), vitamin C and vitamin E, and elevated levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) were observed in the liver, kidneys, heart and lungs of aged rats, when compared to young rats. Furthermore, serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea, and creatinine were found to be significantly elevated in aged rats compared to young rats. Aged rats receiving cordycepin treatment show increased activity of SOD, CAT, GPx, GR and GST, and elevated levels of GSH, and vitamins C and E such that the values of most of these parameters did not differ significantly from those found in young rats. In addition, the levels of MDA, AST, ALT, urea and creatinine became reduced upon administration of cordycepin to aged rats. These results suggest that cordycepin is effective for restoring antioxidant status and decreasing lipid peroxidation in aged rats.

Effect of fermented Panax ginseng extract (GINST) on oxidative stress and antioxidant activities in major organs of aged rats

Ramesh, T.,Kim, S.W.,Sung, J.H.,Hwang, S.Y.,Sohn, S.H.,Yoo, S.K.,Kim, S.K. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2012 Experimental Gerontology Vol.47 No.1

The intracellular levels of oxidant and antioxidant balances are gradually distorted during the aging process. An age associated elevation of oxidative stress occurring throughout the lifetime is hypothesized to be the major cause of aging. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the putative antioxidant activity of the fermented Panax ginseng extract (GINST) on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status of major organs of aged rats compared to young rats. Increased levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), urea and creatinine were observed in the serum of aged rats. Increased levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and significantly lowered activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST) were observed in the liver, kidneys, heart and lungs of aged rats, when compared with those in young rats. Quantitative analysis of the non-enzymatic antioxidants such as reduced glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol levels showed significantly lower values in the liver, kidneys, heart and lungs of aged rats. On the other hand, administration of the fermented Panax ginseng extract (GINST) to aged rats resulted in increased activities of SOD, CAT, GPx, GR and GST as well as elevation in GSH, ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol levels. Besides, the level of MDA, AST, ALT, urea and creatinine were reduced on administration of GINST to aged rats. These results suggested that treatment of GINST can improve the antioxidant status during aging, thereby minimizing the oxidative stress and occurrence of age-related disorders associated with free radicals.

Properties of hydroxyapatite synthesize by wet chemical method

S. Ramesh,S. Adzila,C.K.L. Jeffrey,C.Y. Tan,J. Purbolaksono,A.M. Noor,M.A. Hassan,I. Sopyan,W.D. Teng 한양대학교 세라믹연구소 2013 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.14 No.4

The sintering behavior of a commercial HA and synthesized HA was investigated over the temperature range of 700 o C to 1400 o C in terms of phase stability, bulk density, Young’s modulus and Vickers hardness. In the present research, a wet chemical precipitation reaction was successfully employed to synthesize a submicron, highly crystalline, high purity and single phase stoichiometric HA powder that is highly sinteractive particularly at low temperature regimes below 1100 o C. It has been revealed that the sinterability of the synthesized HA was significantly greater than that of the commercial HA. The temperature for the onset of sintering and the temperature required to achieve densities above 98% of theoretical value were approximately 150 o C lower for the synthesized HA than the equivalent commercial HA. Nevertheless, decomposition of HA phase upon sintering was not observed in the present work for both powders.

Implications of Five Laws of Library Science on Dr. S R Ranganathan’s Colon Classification: An Explorative Study

S. K Asok Kumar,B. Ramesh Babu,P. Nageswara Rao 한국문헌정보학회 2011 한국문헌정보학회지 Vol.45 No.4

There have been several milestones in the history of library classification but most of the schemes failed to meet the new challenges in the organisation of information. Dr S R Ranganathan tried to revolutionise the whole thinking on classificatory approach, when he devised the Colon Classification (CC) in 1933. He developed the Colon Classification scheme with a sound theoretical background based on normative principles, Five laws of Library science, canons, etc. One important feature of CC is that, its use is not confined to information storage and retrieval alone. This paper presents an over view of different editions of the CC highlighting the salient features of the editions. Further the implication of Five Laws of Library Science has been described. The authors stressed that the features of such as greater hospitality, specificity and mixed notation has paved the way to design and develop the depth schedules on various micro level subjects and so far about 130 micro schedules have been published. The impressions by the leading LIS professionals during and after Ranganathan’s time have been highlighted. The authors expressed the fear that when the library world would see the complete version of the seventh edition of CC? It may be due to lack of institutional support engaging in the research or financial constraints. The authors are of the opinion that any scheme to flourish needs a sound research body to bring out the revised editions as done in the case of Dewey Decimal Classification. The relevance of the CC in the contemporary world of Librarianship is discussed. Finally concludes that CC needs to be resuscitated as it is a precious national heritage; and still a force for the management of libraries.

Photochemical and biochemical responses of heliconia (Heliconia stricta ‘Iris’) to different light intensities in a humid coastal environment

K Nihad,Mukesh K. Berwal,K. Balachandra Hebbar,Ravi Bhat,A. Abdul Haris,S. V. Ramesh 한국원예학회 2019 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.60 No.6

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of heliconia (Heliconia stricta ‘Iris’) grown under four levels of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) in a randomized block design. Photochemical and biochemical parameters were recorded to assess the physiological and biochemical changes in heliconia that accompany varying light intensities. The plants grown under the lowest PAR (30 to 35% of open condition) showed enhanced growth with a higher biomass accumulation, plant height, suckering habit, emergence of flowering shoots, inflorescence yield, and light use efficiency. The leaves exposed to high PAR (open condition) recorded reduction in chlorophyll content (60.8%), chlorophyll index (43.9%), and Fv/Fm (21.4%) compared to values for the leaves exposed to the lowest PAR (30 to 35%). Plant soluble sugars were reduced with the increasing PAR, whereas reducing sugar content was high under fully irradiated conditions but showed a decreasing trend with a reduction in PAR. Total phenolic content and malondialdehyde were lower at 30 to 35% PAR with a reduction in magnitude of 58.4% and 34.8%, respectively, compared to the open condition. Similarly, super oxide dismutase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase activities in the leaf decreased 36.2%, 28.7%, and 23.3%, respectively, from the highest PAR (or open condition) in this range. Improved photochemical and biochemical activities of plants grown under lower light intensities resulted in production of quality inflorescences. Hence, Heliconia stricta ‘Iris’ can be recommended as an intercrop on coconut plantations where the light intensity is low (30 to 35%) for improving the livelihood of farmers.

The Effects of Hydrophobicity and Drainage Velocity on Water Retention Behavior in Porous Media: A Computational Study

K. W. Yong,P. B. Ganesan,E. Hamidi,S. N. Kazi,S. Ramesh 대한설비공학회 2020 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.28 No.4

The present study investigates the water retention behavior in two different types of porous media, i.e., porous metal — a type of metallic foam and ideal geometry. The present study uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to model a decreasing water level in a reservoir consisting of a stationary porous medium beneath the water surface at initial stage. It mimics the setup of dynamics dip-testing which measures the amount of retained water for different types of fins-tubes heat exchangers. The study varies parameters like static contact angle (θ s)and drainage velocity (U). The literature review summarizes the unique water retention behaviors for different types of heat exchangers and the findings of the present study. Furthermore, the present study proposed new parameters for evaluating the structural variations in porous metal that explains the water saturation distribution in detail. The evaluation method could provide an insightful idea for performing the quality control check on metallic foam.

Structure elucidation of a newly isolated saponin from Clerodendrum serratum (L) Moon

Santosh S. Bhujbal,Rabindra K.Nanda,Ramesh S.Deoda,Dinesh Kumar,Shailesh M. Kewatkar,Laxmikant S.More,Manohar J.Patil 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2010 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.10 No.4

Plant saponins are widely distributed amongst plants and have a wide range of biological properties. Icosahydropicenic acid, C51H80O19 ((4S,6bS)-8a-((4,5-dihydroxy-6-methyl-3-((3R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-methyl-tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yloxy)-tetrahydro-2H–pyran–2-yloxy)carbonyl)-2-hydroxy-4, 6a,6b, 11, 14b-pentamethyl-11-(2-methylprop-1-enyl)-3-(3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl) - tetrahydro-2Hpyran-2-yloxy)-1, 2, 3, 4, 4a, 5, 6, 6a, 6b, 7, 8, 8a, 9, 10, 11, 12, 12a, 14, 14a, 14b-icosahydropicene-4-carboxylic acid), a new saponin was first time isolated from the roots of Clerodendrum Serratum (L)Moon (Verbenaceae).The structure elucidation of the compound was carried out by 1H NMR and DART-MS studies.

Breeding of New Productive Bivoltine Hybrid, CSR12×CSR6 of Silkworm Bombyx mori L.

( R. K. Datta ),( H. K. Basavaraja ),( N. Mal Reddy ),( S. Nirmal Kumar ),( N. Suresh Kumar ),( M. Ramesh Babu ),( M. M. Ahsan ),( K. P. Jayaswal ) 한국잠사학회 2001 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.3 No.2

With an objective of evolving quantitatively and qualitatively superior bivoltine breeds/hybrids of silkworm Bombyx mori L. for tropical conditions, breeding work was initiated in Central Sericultural Research and Training Institute, Mysore during 1992 by utilizing two Japanese hybrids namely BNl8×BCS25 and Shunrei×Shogetsu along with Indian evolved breed, KA. The breed CSR12 which is characterized with sex-limited larval marking and white oval cocoons was evolved from the Japanese hybrid BNl8×BCS25 by crossing with KA, while the breed CSR6 which is characterized with normal marking (marked larvae) and white dumbbell cocoons was extracted from the Japanese commercial hybrid Shunrei×Shogetsu through continuous inbreeding coupled with selection. After fixation, these breeds along with other newly evolved breeds were subjected to hybrid study under optimum environmental conditions in the laboratory for expression of full potential of the genotypes. These hybrids were evaluated by Multiple Trait Evaluation Index (Mano et al., 1993). The hybrid CSR12×CSR6 was selected based multiple trait evaluation index value. The hybrid CSR12×CSR6 recorded survival of 96.0%, shell weight of 50.0 cg, shell ratio of 24.3%, raw silk percentage of 19.6, filament length of 1,216 m, boil off loss of 22.4% and renditta of 5.1. On the other hand, the control hybrid (KA×NB4D2) has recorded survival of 90.6%, shell weight of 42.1 cg, shell ratio of 20.4%, raw silk percentage of 15.9, filament length of 999 m, boil off loss of 24.8% and renditta of 6.3. The hybrid CSR12×CSR6 was authorized during 1997 by Central Silk Board, Government of India for commercial exploitation during favourable months based on national level race authorization test.

Computational Modelling of Droplet Dynamics Behaviour in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells: A Review

Yong, K.W.,Ganesan, P.B.,Kazi, S.N.,Ramesh, S.,Sandaran, S.C. The Korean Electrochemical Society 2019 Journal of electrochemical science and technology Vol.10 No.4

Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC) is one of the leading advanced energy conversion technology for the use in transport. It generates water droplets through the catalytic processes and dispenses the water through the gas-flowed microchannels. The droplets in the dispensing microchannel experience g-forces from different directions during the operation in transport. Therefore, this paper reviews the computational modelling topics of droplet dynamics behaviour specifically for three categories, i.e. (i) the droplet sliding down a surface, (ii) the droplet moving in a gas-flowed microchannel, and (iii) the droplet jumping upon coalescence on superhydrophobic surface; in particular for the parameters like hydrophobicity surfaces, droplet sizes, numerical methods, channel sizes, wall conditions, popular references and boundary conditions.