Rapid growth in greenhouse gas emissions from the adoption of industrial-scale aquaculture

Yuan, Junji,Xiang, Jian,Liu, Deyan,Kang, Hojeong,He, Tiehu,Kim, Sunghyun,Lin, Yongxin,Freeman, Chris,Ding, Weixin Springer Science and Business Media LLC 2019 Nature climate change Vol.9 No.4

CT-Based Leiden Score Outperforms Confirm Score in Predicting Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events for Diabetic Patients with Suspected Coronary Artery Disease

Liu Zinuan,Ding Yipu,Dou Guanhua,Wang Xi,Shan Dongkai,He Bai,Jing Jing,Chen Yundai,Yang Junjie 대한영상의학회 2022 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.23 No.10

Objective: Evidence supports the efficacy of coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA)-based risk scores in cardiovascular risk stratification of patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to compare two CCTAbased risk score algorithms, Leiden and Confirm scores, in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and suspected CAD. Materials and Methods: This single-center prospective cohort study consecutively included 1241 DM patients (54.1% male, 60.2 ± 10.4 years) referred for CCTA for suspected CAD in 2015–2017. Leiden and Confirm scores were calculated and stratified as < 5 (reference), 5–20, and > 20 for Leiden and < 14.3 (reference), 14.3–19.5, and > 19.5 for Confirm. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) were defined as the composite outcomes of cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, and unstable angina requiring hospitalization. The Cox model and Kaplan–Meier method were used to evaluate the effect size of the risk scores on MACE. The area under the curve (AUC) at the median follow-up time was also compared between score algorithms. Results: During a median follow-up of 31 months (interquartile range, 27.6–37.3 months), 131 of MACE were recorded, including 17 cardiovascular deaths, 28 nonfatal MIs, 64 unstable anginas requiring hospitalization, and 22 strokes. An incremental incidence of MACE was observed in both Leiden and Confirm scores, with an increase in the scores (log-rank p < 0.001). In the multivariable analysis, compared with Leiden score < 5, the hazard ratios for Leiden scores of 5–20 and > 20 were 2.37 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.53–3.69; p < 0.001) and 4.39 (95% CI: 2.40–8.01; p < 0.001), respectively, while the Confirm score did not demonstrate a statistically significant association with the risk of MACE. The Leiden score showed a greater AUC of 0.840 compared to 0.777 for the Confirm score (p < 0.001). Conclusion: CCTA-based risk score algorithms could be used as reliable cardiovascular risk predictors in patients with DM and suspected CAD, among which the Leiden score outperformed the Confirm score in predicting MACE.

Isoperistaltic side-to-side anastomosis for the surgical treatment of Crohn disease

Wenhao Chen,Junjie Zhou,Min Chen,Congqing Jiang,Qun Qian,Zhao Ding 대한외과학회 2022 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.103 No.1

Purpose: Increasing evidence has shown an association of surgical technique, particularly anastomotic configuration, with postoperative recurrence of CD. This pilot study aimed to evaluate short-term outcomes of isoperistaltic side-to-side anastomosis (ISSA) employed on Crohn disease (CD) patients. Methods: Data were retrieved from a prospectively maintained database. Postoperatively, all patients were followed up with close endoscopic (ileocolonoscopy) surveillance. Results: From January 2017 to May 2021, 30 patients diagnosed with CD who underwent ISSA were compared with 45 CD patients who underwent antiperistaltic side-to-side anastomosis (ASSA). The 2 groups were comparable in baseline demographics and clinical characteristics. No significant differences were observed between groups regarding postoperative safety issues, including anastomotic leak, abdominal/pelvic abscess, length of hospital stay, readmission rate within 30 days, etc. At postoperative 24th month, reduced endoscopic recurrence was observed in the ISSA group compared with that in the ASSA group (18 of 24, 75.0%, . 36 of 38, 94.7%; P = 0.024). Regarding surgical recurrence, there was 0% in the ISSA group . 4.4% (2 of 45) in the ASSA group (P = 0.510). Conclusion: In this study, we aimed to explore the influence of ISSA on postoperative recurrence in CD patients, and the preliminary results show that ISSA was technically safe and feasible, and appears to be effective in reducing postoperative recurrence in CD patients. However, our conclusion was underpowered due to small sample size and inadequate follow- up. We proposed ISSA be considered as another alternative option in the toolbox of inflammatory bowel disease surgeons when performing anastomosis on CD patients.

Prevalence and risk factors of colorectal cancer in Asia

Martin CS Wong,Hanyue Ding,Jingxuan Wang,Paul SF Chan,Junjie Huang 대한장연구학회 2019 Intestinal Research Vol.17 No.3

Globally, colorectal cancer (CRC) is a substantial public health burden, and it is increasingly affecting populations in Asian countries. The overall prevalence of CRC is reported to be low in Asia when compared with that in Western nations, yet it had the highest number of prevalent cases. This review described the prevalence of CRC in Asia according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer from World Health Organization (WHO) database and summarized its major risk factors. Non-modifiable factors include genetic factors, ethnicity, age, gender, family history and body height; smoking, alcohol drinking, weight, Westernized diet, physical inactivity, chronic diseases and microbiota were involved in environmental factors. These risk factors were separately discussed in this review according to published literature from Asian countries. CRC screening has been playing an important role in reducing its disease burden. Some recommendations on its screening practices have been formulated in guidelines for Asia Pacific countries.

Effects of Nitrogen Concentration on Root Respiration Rate and Nonstructural Carbohydrates of Walnut Seedlings

Chunping Li,Shiwei Wang,Cuifang Zhang,Junjie Ding,Bin Ma,Rabigul Yasin,Zezheng Xue 한국원예학회 2020 원예과학기술지 Vol.38 No.3

Nitrogen is a critical determinant of forest growth and productivity, and root respiration rate and nonstructural carbohydrates are important parameters for evaluating the effects of supplied nutrients. Here, we assessed the effects of nitrogen on walnut seedlings (Juglans regia Linn.) that grew consistently for a year under favorable conditions. Seedlings were potted in seven concentrations of N availability, 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, and 16 mmol·L1, and the specific root respiration rate and nonstructural carbohydrate content of the root system were determined via the offbody root system and the ketone color ratio methods, respectively. Nitrogen concentration was positively correlated with specific root respiration, and root diameter was the main factor related to specific root respiration and nonstructural carbohydrate content of walnut seedlings. Under the same nitrogen concentrations, the soluble total sugar and starch content of roots increased with increasing root diameter, while the specific root respiration increased with decreasing root diameter. Compared to the 0 mmol·L1 nitrogen concentration, the content of nonstructural carbohydrates in the root system and the specific root respiration were higher when nitrogen concentration was N16. Our comprehensive analysis showed that a nitrogen concentration of N16 improved the respiration rate of the seedling root system, significantly increased the content of nonstructural carbohydrates in the seedling root system, and effectively promoted the growth and development of the seedling root system of walnut seedlings.

Preliminary conceptual design of a small high-flux multi-purpose LBE cooled fast reactor

Xiong Yangbin,Duan Chengjie,Zeng Qin,Ding Peng,Song Juqing,Zhou Junjie,Xu Jinggang,Yang Jingchen,Li Zhifeng 한국원자력학회 2022 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.54 No.8

The design concept of a Small High-flux Multipurpose LBE(Lead Bismuth Eutectic) cooled Fast Reactor (SHMLFR) was proposed in the paper. The primary cooling system of the reactor is forced circulation, and the fuel element form is arc-plate loaded high enrichment MOX fuel. The core is cylindrical with a flux trap set in the center of the core, which can be used as an irradiation channel. According to the requirements of the core physical design, a series of physical design criteria and constraints were given, and the steady and transient parameters of the reactor were calculated and analyzed. Regarding the thermal and hydraulic phenomena of the reactor, a simplified model was used to conduct a preliminary analysis of the fuel plates at special positions, and the temperature field distribution of the fuel plate with the highest power density under different coolant flow rates was simulated. The results show that the various parameters of SHMLFR meet the requirements and design criteria of the physical design of the core and the thermal design of the reactor. This implies that the conceptual design of SHMLFR is feasible