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Jae Hyun Kim,Hee-Won Jeong,Yoon-Hee Choo,Moinay Kim,Eun Jin Ha,Jiwoong Oh,Youngbo Shim,Seung Bin Kim,Han-Gil Jung,So Hee Park,Jungook Kim,Junhyung Kim,Hye Seon Kim,Seungjoo Lee 대한신경손상학회 2023 Korean Journal of Neurotrauma Vol.19 No.2
Mannitol, derived from mannose sugar, is crucial in treating patients with elevated intracranial pressure (ICP). Its dehydrating properties at the cellular and tissue levels increase plasma osmotic pressure, which is studied for its potential to reduce ICP through osmotic diuresis. While clinical guidelines support mannitol use in these cases, the best approach for its application continues to be debated. Important aspects needing further investigation include: 1) bolus administration versus continuous infusion, 2) ICP-based dosing versus scheduled bolus, 3) identifying the optimal infusion rate, 4) determining the appropriate dosage, 5) establishing fluid replacement plans for urinary loss, and 6) selecting monitoring techniques and thresholds to assess effectiveness and ensure safety. Due to the lack of adequate high-quality prospective research data, a comprehensive review of recent studies and clinical trials is crucial. This assessment aims to bridge the knowledge gap, improve understanding of effective mannitol use in elevated ICP patients, and provide insights for future research. In conclusion, this review aspires to contribute to the ongoing discourse on mannitol application. By integrating the latest findings, this review will offer valuable insights into the function of mannitol in decreasing ICP, thereby informing better therapeutic approaches and enhancing patient outcomes.
Kim, Jiwoong,Jang, Kyungsoo,Phu, Nguyen Thi Cam,Trinh, Thanh Thuy,Raja, Jayapal,Kim, Taeyong,Cho, Jaehyun,Kim, Sangho,Park, Jinjoo,Jung, Junhee American Scientific Publishers 2016 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.16 No.5
<P>Nonvolatile memory (NVM) with silicon dioxide/silicon nitride/silicon oxynitride (ONOn) charge trap structure is a promising flash memory technology duo that will fulfill process compatibility for system-on-panel displays, down-scaling cell size and low operation voltage. In this research, charge trap flash devices were fabricated with ONOn stack gate insulators and an active layer using hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon germanium (nc-SiGe: H) films at a low temperature. In this study, the effect of the interface trap density on the performance of devices, including memory window and retention, was investigated. The electrical characteristics of NVM devices were studied controlling Ge content from 0% to 28% in the nc-SiGe: H channel layer. The optimal Ge content in the channel layer was found to be around 16%. For nc-SiGe: H NVM with 16% Ge content, the memory window was 3.13 V and the retention data exceeded 77% after 10 years under the programming condition of 15 V for 1 msec. This showed that the memory window increased by 42% and the retention increased by 12% compared to the nc-Si: H NVM that does not contain Ge. However, when the Ge content was more than 16%, the memory window and retention property decreased. Finally, this research showed that the Ge content has an effect on the interface trap density and this enabled us to determine the optimal Ge content.</P>
김지웅(Jiwoong Kim),심재봉(Jaebong Sim),김예빈(Yebeen Kim),전현수(Hyunsoo Chun),장정효(Junghyo Chang),김병재(Byeongjae Kim),민경덕(Kyoungdoug Min) 한국자동차공학회 2023 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.5
A proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is an energy conversion device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy, generating water and heat as by-products of an electrochemical reaction. A fuel cell system consists of a fuel cell stack and balance of plants (BOP), and it is essential to develop a PEMFC unit cell model according to operating conditions in order to efficiently control the system. In this study, a PEMFC unit cell model was developed through the governing equation of the physical phenomena of each component of the unit cell, and the developed model was verified through comparison with PEMFC experimental data under various operating conditions (such as temperature, pressure, and relative humidity). The developed unit cell model and experimental data were shown to be in good agreement with a relative error of <3%.
Yoon Hee Choo,Moinay Kim,Jae Hyun Kim,Hanwool Jeon,Hee-Won Jung,Eun Jin Ha,Jiwoong Oh,Youngbo Shim,Seung Bin Kim,Han-Gil Jung,So Hee Park,Jung Ook Kim,Junhyung Kim,Hyeseon Kim,Seungjoo Lee 대한신경외과학회 2023 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.66 No.6
The brain houses vital hormonal regulatory structures such as the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, which may confer unique susceptibilities to critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency (CIRCI) in patients with neurological disorders. In addition, the frequent use of steroids for therapeutic purposes in various neurological conditions may lead to the development of steroid insufficiency. This abstract aims to highlight the significance of understanding these relationships in the context of patient care and management for physicians. Neurological disorders may predispose patients to CIRCI due to the role of the brain in hormonal regulation. Early recognition of CIRCI in the context of neurological diseases is essential to ensure prompt and appropriate intervention. Moreover, the frequent use of steroids for treating neurological conditions can contribute to the development of steroid insufficiency, further complicating the clinical picture. Physicians must be aware of these unique interactions and be prepared to evaluate and manage patients with CIRCI and steroid insufficiency in the context of neurological disorders. This includes timely diagnosis, appropriate steroid administration, and careful monitoring for potential adverse effects. A comprehensive understanding of the interplay between neurological disease, CIRCI, and steroid insufficiency is critical for optimizing patient care and outcomes in this complex patient population.
Kim, Jiwoong,Lim, Heejeong,Suh, Yong Jae,Lim, Hyoseon,Kang, Shinhoo Elsevier 2017 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.692 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Despite the importance of ZrC, ZrN, and their intermediate solid solutions, the temperature-dependent phase stability of the Zr–C–N system has not previously been determined precisely. This work reports these phase stabilities determined experimentally and using ab initio calculations within the quasi-harmonic approximation. Special quasi-random structure models and supercell models with random substitution were used to mimic the random atomic distribution of C and N in the sublattice of Zr(C<SUB>1−<I>x</I> </SUB>N<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB>) solid solutions. The results indicated that volume and high-temperature entropy changes are important to determine the free energy of the solid solutions and that moderate temperatures (∼1500–2000 K) were needed to synthesize Zr(C<SUB>1−<I>x</I> </SUB>N<SUB> <I>x</I> </SUB>) solid solutions. The calculated stable phase domains were then successfully produced. Our results clarify the synthesis and stable phase prediction of the Zr–C–N system under certain external conditions, and they will help broaden the applicability of ZrC, ZrN, and their solid solution phases.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Thermodynamic properties of ZrC, ZrC<SUB>0.96</SUB>, ZrN, Zr(C<SUB>1−x</SUB>N<SUB>x</SUB>) were obtained. </LI> <LI> Stable phase diagrams showed relative temperature-dependent phase stability. </LI> <LI> Harmonic and quasi-harmonic effects of the phases were examined. </LI> <LI> Applicability of the results was examined in practical experimental conditions. </LI> <LI> Results will guide applications, particularly in extreme conditions. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>