Borneol alleviates oxidative stress via upregulation of Nrf2 and Bcl-2 in SH-SY5Y cells

Hur, Jinyoung,Pak, Sok Cheon,Koo, Byung-Soo,Jeon, Songhee Informa Healthcare 2013 Pharmaceutical biology Vol.51 No.1

<P><I>Context</I>: The β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide aggregation with accompanying oxidative stress plays the major role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Some natural compounds, including borneol, shed promising light on AD treatment.</P><P><I>Objective</I>: The present study was designed to investigate the antioxidative, antiapoptotic effects, and neuroprotection of borneol in human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y).</P><P><I>Materials and methods</I>: Oxidative stress was induced by administering 50 µM Aβ into SH-SY5Y cells. Neuroprotective effect of commercially available borneol was examined by determining cell viability with the MTT assay. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was measured using a fluorometer with further examination of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and nuclear factor-erythroid 2 p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression. Apoptosis was examined by measuring the ratio of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)/Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax).</P><P><I>Results</I>: Our data indicated that Aβ-induced cell cytotoxicity was inhibited by 100 µM of (−) and (+) borneol treatment. Treatment of borneol significantly decreased ROS generation (<I>P</I> < 0.01). The expression of HO-1 and nuclear translocation of Nrf2 were increased by Aβ treatment. This nuclear translocation of Nrf2 was further increased by administration of borneol. Compared with the Aβ treated group, the (+) borneol treated group significantly increased Bcl-2 expression with decreased expression of Bax.</P><P><I>Discussion and conclusion</I>: Borneol protected SH-SY5Y cells against Aβ-induced toxicity, exerted an antioxidative effect and suppressed apoptosis. It increases our knowledge about neuroprotective mechanism of borneol, and it is hopeful to be a candidate compound for developing therapeutic drug for the prevention and treatment of AD and other Aβ-related neurodegenerative diseases.</P>

Regulatory Effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin $D_3$ on Nitric Oxide Production in Activated Microglia

Hur, Jinyoung,Lee, Pyeongjae,Kim, Mi Jung,Cho, Young-Wuk The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2014 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.18 No.5

Microglia are activated by inflammatory and pathophysiological stimuli in neurodegenerative diseases, and activated microglia induce neuronal damage by releasing cytotoxic factors like nitric oxide (NO). Activated microglia synthesize a significant amount of vitamin $D_3$ in the rat brain, and vitamin $D_3$ has an inhibitory effect on activated microglia. To investigate the possible role of vitamin $D_3$ as a negative regulator of activated microglia, we examined the effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin $D_3$ on NO production of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated microglia. Treatment with LPS increased the production of NO in primary cultured and BV2 microglial cells. Treatment with 25-hydroxyvitamin $D_3$ inhibited the generation of NO in LPS-activated primary microglia and BV2 cells. In addition to NO production, expression of 1-${\alpha}$-hydroxylase and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) was also upregulated in LPS-stimulated primary and BV2 microglia. When BV2 cells were transfected with 1-${\alpha}$-hydroxylase siRNA or VDR siRNA, the inhibitory effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin $D_3$ on activated BV2 cells was suppressed. 25-Hydroxyvitamin $D_3$ also inhibited the increased phosphorylation of p38 seen in LPS-activated BV2 cells, and this inhibition was blocked by VDR siRNA. The present study shows that 25-hydroxyvitamin $D_3$ inhibits NO production in LPS-activated microglia through the mediation of LPS-induced 1-${\alpha}$-hydroxylase. This study also shows that the inhibitory effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin $D_3$ on NO production might be exerted by inhibiting LPS-induced phosphorylation of p38 through the mediation of VDR signaling. These results suggest that vitamin $D_3$ might have an important role in the negative regulation of microglial activation.

Neurite outgrowth induced by spicatoside A, a steroidal saponin, via the tyrosine kinase A receptor pathway

Hur, Jinyoung,Lee, Pyeongjae,Moon, Eunjung,Kang, Insug,Kim, Sung-Hoon,Oh, Myung Sook,Kim, Sun Yeou Elsevier 2009 european journal of pharmacology Vol.620 No.1

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Although nerve growth factor (NGF) therapy is an available option for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, several limitations exist in its medical application. In the present study, we examined the neurotrophic effects of spicatoside A isolated from <I>Liriope platyphylla</I> on PC12 cells as well as the mechanisms involved in this process. Spicatoside A (10μg/mL) induced neurite outgrowth similar to NGF (50ng/mL). Furthermore, spicatoside A, a steroidal saponin, activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK 1/2) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase/Akt) via tyrosine receptor kinase A (TrkA), which is responsible for the induction of the neuritic process. The effects of NGF and spicatoside A on neurite outgrowth disappeared in TrkA knockdown PC12 cells by siRNA. In conclusion, neuritogenic effects resulting from spicatoside A may be involved in TrkA activation.</P>

Regulatory Effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ on Nitric Oxide Production in Activated Microglia

Jinyoung Hur,Pyeongjae Lee,Mi Jung Kim,Young-Wuk Cho 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2014 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.18 No.5

Microglia are activated by inflammatory and pathophysiological stimuli in neurodegenerative diseases, and activated microglia induce neuronal damage by releasing cytotoxic factors like nitric oxide (NO). Activated microglia synthesize a significant amount of vitamin D3 in the rat brain, and vitamin D₃ has an inhibitory effect on activated microglia. To investigate the possible role of vitamin D₃ as a negative regulator of activated microglia, we examined the effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ on NO production of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated microglia. Treatment with LPS increased the production of NO in primary cultured and BV2 microglial cells. Treatment with 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ inhibited the generation of NO in LPS-activated primary microglia and BV2 cells. In addition to NO production, expression of 1-α-hydroxylase and the vitamin D receptor (VDR) was also upregulated in LPS-stimulated primary and BV2 microglia. When BV2 cells were transfected with 1-α-hydroxylase siRNA or VDR siRNA, the inhibitory effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ on activated BV2 cells was suppressed. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D₃ also inhibited the increased phosphorylation of p38 seen in LPS-activated BV2 cells, and this inhibition was blocked by VDR siRNA. The present study shows that 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ inhibits NO production in LPS-activated microglia through the mediation of LPS-induced 1-α-hydroxylase. This study also shows that the inhibitory effect of 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ on NO production might be exerted by inhibiting LPS-induced phosphorylation of p38 through the mediation of VDR signaling. These results suggest that vitamin D3 might have an important role in the negative regulation of microglial activation.

6-shogaol suppresses oxidative damage in L6 muscle cells

Hur Jinyoung,Lee Yeonmi,Lee Chang Jun,Park Ho-Young,Choi Sang Yoon 한국응용생명화학회 2020 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.63 No.5

Ginger (Zingiber Officinale Roscoe) has been known reduce muscle pain after exercise, and 6-shogaol {(E)-1-(4- Hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)dec-4-en-3-one)} is the major essential oil contained in ginger. In this study, the protective effect of 6-shogaol on L6 muscle cells against oxidative damage was measured. 6-shagol inhibited the damage of L6 cell induced by H2O2, and allowed the increase in mRNA and protein expression levels of intracellular HO-1 and NRF2. 6-shogaol also reduced the production of intracellular ROS. These results suggested that 6-shagol effectively inhibits oxidative damage of skeletal muscle cell.

침입 복구 및 대응 시스템을 위한 실시간 파일 무결성 검사 (pp.703-705)

허진영(Jinyoung Hur),전상훈(Sanghoon Jeun),최재영(Jaeyoung Choi) 한국정보과학회 2003 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.30 No.2Ⅰ

파일 무결성 검사는 시스템 자원의 안정성 여부를 판단할 수 있는 가장 확실한 방법이지만, 감사가 이루어질 때마다 매번 모든 데이터를 검사해야 하며, 관리자의 역량에 많은 부분을 의존하였다. 이는 최대한 빠른 대응을 용하는 침입 복구 시스템에 적합하지 않다. 또한 손상 자원의 복구에 필요한 자원의 상태 정보는 수집 가능하지만, 침입을 차단하기 위해서 침입 행위 주체에 대한 정보는 수집할 수 없다. 위의 두 가지 문제를 해결하기 위해 파일 무결성 검사와 시스템 호출 감시 기법을 연동한다. 시스템 호출 감시를 통해서 자원에 대한 침입 행위 주체의 정보를 수집하고 파일 무결성 검사를 하여, 침입 차단 및 복구를 위한 감사 자료를 수집한다. 또한 보다 효과적으로 침입을 탐지하고 복구하기 위하여 여러 침입 탐지 시스템과 연동하여 침입 복구 시스템을 구성할 수 있도록 탐지 메시지를 IDMEF 형식으로 보고한다.

침입 복구 및 대응 시스템을 위한 실시간 파일 무결성 검사 (pp.279-287)

허진영(Jinyoung Hur),최종선(Jongsun Choi),최재영(Jaeyoung Choi),전상훈(Sanghoon Jeun) 한국정보과학회 2005 정보과학회논문지 : 시스템 및 이론 Vol.32 No.5·6

파일 무결성 검사는 시스템 자원의 안정성 여부를 판단할 수 있는 가장 확실한 방법이지만, 관리자의 경험과 능력에 따라 검사 시간과 효과에 많은 차이가 있을 수 있다. 따라서 가능한 빠른 대응을 필요로 하는 침입 복구 및 대응 시스템에 바로 사용하기에는 적합하지 않으며, 또한 손상 자원의 복구에 필요한 자원의 상태 정보는 수집 가능하지만 침입을 차단하기 위해 필요한 침입 행위 주체에 대한 정보는 수집할 수 없다. 본 논문에서는 위의 두 가지 문제를 해결하기 위해 시스템 호출 감시와 파일 무결성 검사를 연동하여 실시간으로 파일의 무결성을 검사하는 rtIntegrit을 제안한다. rtIntegrit은 SysWatcher라는 시스템 호출 검사 도구를 사용하여 요청된 행위를 항상 감시한다. 만약 지정된 파일에 이상 동작이 나타나면 이의 변화에 대하여 실시간으로 무결성 검사를 수행하도록 하고, 해당 관련된 프로세스의 정보를 수집하고 보고함으로서 침입 차단에 활용하게 한다. 또한 IDMEF 형식의 표준으로 감사 자료를 생성하여, 침입 대응 및 복구 시스템들과 쉽게 연계할 수 있다. File integrity checking is the most reliable method to examine integrity and stability of system resources. It is required to examine the whole data whenever auditing system's integrity, and its process and result depends on administrator's experience and ability. Therefore the existing method is not appropriate to intrusion response and recovery systems, which require a fast response time. Moreover file integrity checking is able to collect information about the damaged resources, without information about the person who generated the action, which would be very useful for intrusion isolation. In this paper, we propose rtIntegrit, which combines system call auditing functions, it is called SysWatcher, with file integrity checking. The rtIntegrit can detect many activities on files or file system in real-time by combining with SysWatcher. The SysWatcher audit file I/O relative system call that is specified on configuration. And it can be easily cooperated with intrusion response and recovery systems since it generates assessment data in the standard IDMEF format.

환자 안전사고에 대한 간호사의 경험

허유진(Hur, Yujin),정미화(Chung, Miha),이진영(Lee, Jinyoung) 한국재활간호학회 2021 재활간호학회지 Vol.24 No.2

Schlieren과 BOS를 이용한 SHyST 극초음속 충격파 풍동 시험부 가시화

김진영(Jinyoung Kim),김진휘(Jinhwi Kim),허정무(Jungmu Hur),이복직(Bok Jik Lee) 한국항공우주학회 2023 한국항공우주학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2023 No.6

Neochlorogenic Acid Inhibits Lipopolysaccharide-induced Activation and Pro-inflammatory Responses in BV2 Microglial Cells

Mina Kim,Jinyoung Hur 한국식품영양과학회 2015 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2015 No.8